| 05/31/2006
09:59 AM
Lipoprotein a and Incident Ischemic Stroke The Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities ARIC Study
Stroke. 2006;37:1407
Numerous case-control and cross-sectional studies have reported higher median lipoprotein(a) [Lp(a)] levels among stroke patients than controls, but existing prospective studies have not consistently shown an association. We sought to examine the relationship between plasma Lp(a) levels and the incidence of ischemic stroke among blacks and whites.
05/30/2006
02:57 PM
The incidence of visual perceptual impairment in patients with severe traumatic brain injury
Brain Injury Volume: 20 Number: 5 Page: 507 -- 518
To investigate the incidence of visual perceptual impairments in a sample of patients with traumatic brain injury (TBI) using the Occupational Therapy Adult Perceptual Screening Test (OT-APST), compare incidence rates to a normative sample and explore the relationship between the presence of visual perceptual impairment and the severity of cognitive and functional impairment following TBI.
05/30/2006
02:56 PM
Long term outcome after hemicraniectomy for space occupying right hemispheric MCA infarction
Clinical Neurology and Neurosurgery Volume 108, Issue 4 , June 2006, Pages 384-387
To examine the long-term prognosis in patients with ‘malignant’ supratentorial ischemia of the right hemisphere treated with
hemicraniectomy, especially in respect to depression, with a focus on age as a possible predictor of outcome.
05/30/2006
02:55 PM
Contralateral acute epidural haematoma following evacuation of a chronic subdural haematoma with burr hole craniostomy and continuous closed system drainage a rare complication
Clinical Neurology and Neurosurgery Volume 108, Issue 4 , June 2006, Pages 396-399
Chronic subdural haematoma (CSDH) is one of the most frequent causes for neurosurgical intervention. Although the prognosis is generally good and treatment modalities are well established, some devastating intracranial haematomas can complicate its evacuation. The authors report here a case of an acute epidural haematoma occurring after evacuation of a contralateral chronic subdural haematoma (CSDH) with burr-hole craniostomy and continuous closed system drainage without irrigation. Since this is a rare, but potentially life-threatening, complication, clinicians should suspect its occurrence when an unexpected postoperative course is demonstrated.
05/27/2006
10:36 AM
The Predictive Value of Field versus Arrival Glasgow Coma Scale Score and TRISS Calculations in Moderate to Severe Traumatic Brain Injury
Journal of Trauma-Injury Infection & Critical Care. 60(5):985-990, May 2006
Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS) scores are widely used to quantify level of consciousness in the prehospital environment. The predictive value of field versus arrival GCS is not well defined but has tremendous implications with regard to triage and therapeutic decisions as well as the use of various predictive scoring systems, such as Trauma Score and Injury Severity Score (TRISS). This study explores the predictive value of field GCS (fGCS) and arrival GCS (aGCS) as well as TRISS calculations using field (fTRISS) and arrival (aTRISS) data in patients with moderate-to-severe traumatic brain injury (TBI).
05/27/2006
10:34 AM
The Structural Brain Correlates of Cognitive Deficits in Adults with Klinefelters Syndrome
The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism Vol. 91, No. 4 1423-1427
The aim of this study was to assess brain morphometry in KS and to correlate eventual volumetric changes with performance on neuropsychological tests.
05/27/2006
10:32 AM
The Use of Hypertonic Saline for Treating Intracranial Hypertension After Traumatic Brain Injury
Anesth Analg 2006;102:1836-1846
The past decade has witnessed a resurgence of interest in the use of hypertonic saline for low-volume resuscitation after trauma. Preliminary studies suggested that benefits are limited to a subgroup of trauma patients with brain injury, but a recent study of prehospital administration of hypertonic saline to patients with traumatic brain injury failed to confirm a benefit.
05/27/2006
10:31 AM
MR imaging of head trauma Visibility of contusions and other intraparenchymal injuries in early and late stage
Brain Injury Volume: 20 Number: 4 Page: 409 -- 416
The aim of this study was to investigate the visibility of traumatic brain lesions on conventional magnetic resonance images (MRI) in early and late phase. Thirty-six patients were studied 1 week and 1 year after a traumatic brain injury.
05/27/2006
10:30 AM
The development of the therapeutic working alliance patients awareness and their compliance during the process of brain injury rehabilitation
Brain Injury Volume: 20 Number: 4 Page: 445 -- 454
To examine the development and interaction of the therapeutic alliance, patients' compliance and awareness during the process of brain injury rehabilitation and the role of demographic and injury related variables in this process.
05/27/2006
10:34 AM
Lymphocytic Choriomeningitis Virus An Old Enemy up to New Tricks
New England Journal of Medicine Volume 354:2208-2211 May 25, 2006 Number 21
Lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus (LCMV) was among the first human pathogenic viruses to be isolated. In the mid-1930s, Armstrong and Lillie obtained a filterable agent thought to be from the brain of a man who died during an epidemic of St. Louis encephalitis, Traub discovered a chronic infection in a mouse colony, and Rivers and Scott isolated a virus from the cerebrospinal fluid of patients with aseptic meningitis.
05/27/2006
10:37 AM
Interneuron and Pyramidal Cell Interplay During In Vitro SeizureLike Events
J Neurophysiol 95: 3948-3954, 2006
Excitatory and inhibitory (EI) interactions shape network activity. However, little is known about the EI interactions in pathological conditions such as epilepsy. To investigate EI interactions during seizure-like events (SLEs), we performed simultaneous dual and triple whole cell and extracellular recordings in pyramidal cells and oriens interneurons in rat hippocampal CA1. We describe a novel pattern of interleaving EI activity during spontaneous in vitro SLEs generated by the potassium channel blocker 4-aminopyridine in the presence of decreased magnesium.
05/26/2006
10:33 AM
Surgical Decompression and Coil Removal for the Recovery of Vision after Coiling and Proximal Occlusion of a Clinoidal Segment Aneurysm Technical Case Report
Neurosurgery. 58(6):E1217, June 2006
We present the case of a patient with continued deterioration of vision after endovascular treatment of an unruptured clinoidal segment aneurysm. In conjunction with a review of the literature, the findings in this case highlight the need for further refinements in our understanding of pathophysiological changes induced by coiling of cerebral aneurysms, especially those in aneurysms producing signs and symptoms relating to mass effect.
05/26/2006
10:31 AM
Cerebellar Tumor Extension as a Late Event of Long standing Supratentorial Low grade Gliomas Case Report
Neurosurgery. 58(6):E1210, June 2006
Nonpilocytic low-grade glial tumors in adults occur mostly in the supratentorial compartment. However, a few cases of infratentorial low-grade gliomas (LGG) have been described. The occurrence of LGG in the cerebellum in the setting of a previously existing supratentorial glioma is rare.
05/26/2006
10:30 AM
The Rete Mirabile of the Cranial Base A Millenary Legend
Neurosurgery. 58(6):1198-1208, June 2006
THE RETE MIRABILE, a vascular network assumed to give origin to the intracranial segments of the internal carotid arteries, was interpreted by Galen as the key station for the conversion of the "vital spirit" into the "animal spirit." According to this interpretation, the rete was determinant either in sustaining the cerebral functions, or in controlling the reproductive process in humans.
05/26/2006
10:29 AM
Time Course in the Development of Cerebral Vasospasm after Experimental Subarachnoid Hemorrhage Clinical and Neuroradiological Assessment of the Rat Double Hemorrhage Model
Neurosurgery. 58(6):1190-1197, June 2006
The "double hemorrhage" model in the rat is frequently used to simulate delayed cerebral vasospasm (CVS) after subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) in humans. However, an exact neurological and angiographic characterization of the CVS is not available for this model so far and is provided in the present investigation.
05/26/2006
10:28 AM
Perfusion Magnetic Resonance Imaging Predicts Patient Outcome as an Adjunct to Histopathology A Second Reference Standard in the Surgical and Nonsurgical Treatment of Low grade Gliomas
Neurosurgery. 58(6):1099-1107, June 2006
To determine whether relative cerebral blood volume (rCBV) can predict patient outcome, specifically tumor progression, in low-grade gliomas (LGGs) and thus provide a second reference standard in the surgical and postsurgical management of LGGs.
05/26/2006
10:27 AM
Patient Outcome at Long term Follow up after Aggressive Microsurgical Resection of Cranial Base Chondrosarcomas
Neurosurgery. 58(6):1090-1098, June 2006
To evaluate patient clinical outcome and survival at long-term follow-up after aggressive microsurgical resection of chondrosarcomas of the cranial base.
05/26/2006
10:26 AM
Multisession CyberKnife Radiosurgery for Intramedullary Spinal Cord Arteriovenous Malformations
Neurosurgery. 58(6):1081-1089, June 2006
Intramedullary spinal cord arteriovenous malformations (AVMs) have an unfavorable natural history that characteristically involves myelopathy secondary to progressive ischemia and/or recurrent hemorrhage. Although some lesions can be managed successfully with embolization and surgery, AVM size, location, and angioarchitecture precludes treatment in many circumstances.
05/26/2006
10:25 AM
Intravenous Magnesium versus Nimodipine in the Treatment of Patients with Aneurysmal Subarachnoid Hemorrhage A Randomized Study
Neurosurgery. 58(6):1054-1065, June 2006
The prophylactic use of nimodipine in patients with aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage reduces the risk of ischemic brain damage. However, its efficacy seems to be rather moderate. The question arises whether other types of calcium antagonists offer better protection.
05/26/2006
10:19 AM
Risk Factors for Growth of Unruptured Intracranial Aneurysms Follow up Study by Serial 0 5 T Magnetic Resonance Angiography
Neurosurgery. 58(6):1047-1053, June 2006
The independent risk factors for aneurysm growth were retrospectively investigated in 130 patients with unruptured aneurysms who were followed up by 0.5-T serial magnetic resonance angiography with stereoscopic images.
05/26/2006
10:18 AM
Role of heparin and low molecular weight heparins in the management of acute ischemic stroke
Future Drugs May 2006, Vol. 4, No. 3, Pages 405-415
The numerous large-scale randomized clinical trials performed during the last decade on either unfractionated heparin, or low molecular weight heparin have not been able to demonstrate undisputed benefits in patients with acute ischemic stroke, compared with no treatment or aspirin. However, a large number of these trials, including the International Stroke Trial and Chinese Acute Stroke Trial, exhibit severe methodological limitations and need to be interpreted with caution.
05/26/2006
10:17 AM
Early onset neonatal seizures types risk factors and short term outcome
Annals of Tropical Paediatrics: International Child Health, Volume 26, Number 2, June 2006, pp. 127-131(5)
To identify risk factors for EONS.
05/25/2006
08:14 AM
Prehospital intubation for patients with severe head injury More is not necessarily better
Can J Emerg Med 2006;8(2):116
Does prehospital intubation improve outcome in patients with severe head injuries?
05/25/2006
08:12 AM
Descriptive Epidemiology of Concussion
Pediatric Neurology Volume 34, Issue 5 , May 2006, Pages 376-378
To describe the epidemiology of reported concussion derived from a large, nationally representative health survey, the microdata files of the Canadian National Population Health Survey (1996-1997) were analyzed. Respondents reported whether they had “any injuries that were serious enough to limit their normal activities” in the preceding 12 months and the nature of the most serious injury.
05/25/2006
08:09 AM
Giant Hypothalamic Hamartoma Operated through Subfrontal Approach with Orbitary Rim Osteotomy
Pediatric Neurosurgery 2006;42:254-257
Hypothalamic hamartomas are associated with precocious puberty, gelastic seizures and severe refractory epilepsy. Treatment options include surgical resection, radiofrequency and radiosurgery.
05/25/2006
08:08 AM
Levetiracetam in a broad population of patients with refractory epilepsy interim results of the international SKATE trial
Acta Neurologica Scandinavica, Volume 113, Number 6, June 2006, pp. 387-394(8)
To prospectively assess the safety and efficacy of levetiracetam in patients with uncontrolled focal epilepsy, in a common practice-based setting.
05/25/2006
08:07 AM
Trends in utilization of antiepileptic drugs in Denmark
Acta Neurologica
Scandinavica, Volume 113, Number 6, June 2006, pp. 405-411(7)
To describe utilization of antiepileptic drugs (AEDs) in Denmark during 1993–2002, with special emphasis on
oxcarbazepine, and to assess probable indications for AED use.
05/25/2006
08:06 AM
Hippocampal electrical stimulation in mesial temporal lobe epilepsy
NEUROLOGY 2006;66:1490-1494
Adjustable, reversible therapies are needed for patients with pharmacoresistant epilepsy. Electrical stimulation of the hippocampus has been proposed as a possible treatment for mesial temporal lobe epilepsy (MTLE).
05/25/2006
08:05 AM
Long term follow up of patients with thalamic deep brain stimulation for epilepsy
NEUROLOGY 2006;66:1571-1573
The authors describe long-term follow-up (mean, 5 years) in patients with anterior (AN) (n = 6) or centromedian (n = 2) thalamic deep brain stimulation (DBS) for epilepsy. Five patients (all AN) had 50% seizure reduction, although benefit was delayed in two until years 5 to 6, after changes in antiepileptic drugs. DBS electrode implantation in AN patients was followed by seizure reduction 1 to 3 months before active stimulation, raising the possibility of a beneficial microthalamotomy effect.
05/25/2006
08:04 AM
Stroke after initiation of interferon beta treatment for relapsing remitting disseminated white matter disease
Acta Neurologica Scandinavica, Volume 113, Number 6, June 2006, pp. 433-436(4)
We report the case of a 34-year-old female patient satisfying the McDonald criteria of multiple sclerosis without showing typical pathologic changes in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF). After introduction of INF-ß treatment, she quickly developed further progression of her disseminated neurological symptoms and finally an ischemic cerebral infarction.
05/25/2006
08:03 AM
Association between tPA therapy and raised early matrix metalloproteinase 9 in acute stroke
NEUROLOGY 2006;66:1550-1555
Matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP9) is expressed in acute ischemic stroke and up-regulated by tissue plasminogen activator (tPA) in animal models. The authors investigated plasma MMP9 and its endogenous inhibitor, tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase (TIMP1), in tPA-treated and -untreated stroke patients.
05/25/2006
08:02 AM
Multispecialty stroke services in California hospitals are associated with reduced mortality
NEUROLOGY 2006;66:1527-1532
To evaluate whether 1) a dedicated, multispecialty service, 2) a distinct hospital ward, 3) protocols, and 4) a specialist are associated with reduced mortality among patients with stroke.
05/25/2006
07:57 AM
A prospective PET study of patients with glioblastoma multiforme
Acta Neurologica Scandinavica, Volume 113, Number 6, June 2006, pp. 412-418(7)
To study the post-surgical metabolic and structural cerebral changes in patients with glioblastoma multiforme (GBM).
05/25/2006
07:56 AM
Diffusion weighted and Perfusion MR Imaging for Brain Tumor Characterization and Assessment of Treatment Response1
Radiology 2006;239:632-649
Diffusion-weighted magnetic resonance (MR) imaging and perfusion MR imaging are advanced techniques that provide information not available from conventional MR imaging. In particular, these techniques have a number of applications withregard to characterization of tumors and assessment of tumor response to therapy. In this review, the authors describe the fundamental principles of diffusion-weighted and perfusion MR imaging and provide an overview of the ways in which these techniques are being used to characterize tumors by helping distinguish tumor types, assess tumor grade, and attempt to determine tumor margins. In addition, the role of these techniques for evaluating response to tumor therapy is outlined.
05/25/2006
07:55 AM
Effect of lamotrigine on cognition in children with epilepsy
NEUROLOGY 2006;66:1495-1499
To compare the effect of lamotrigine and placebo on cognition in children with well-controlled or mild epilepsy.
05/23/2006
04:14 PM
Socioeconomic Costs of Open Surgery and Gamma Knife Radiosurgery for Benign Cranial Base Tumors
Neurosurgery. 58(5):866-873, May 2006
The aim of this study was to evaluate the relative socioeconomic costs of benign cranial base tumors treated with open surgery and gamma knife radiosurgery.
05/23/2006
04:13 PM
Endodermal Cyst of the Oculomotor Nerve Case Report
Neurosurgery. 58(5):E994, May 2006
Endodermal cysts are commonly found in the anterior spinal cord. Reports of intracranial cases are uncommon. We report a case of endodermal cyst located on the left oculomotor nerve.
05/23/2006
04:12 PM
What Do Patients with Cerebral Aneurysms Know About Their Condition
Neurosurgery. 58(5):824-830, May 2006
During diagnosis and treatment, patients with cerebral aneurysms receive complex medical information. To study what patients know about their condition, we compared patients' knowledge about their aneurysm-related medical history with information in the medical record.
05/23/2006
04:11 PM
Cerebral Ischemia as a Presenting Feature of Intracranial Aneurysms A Negative Prognostic Indicator in the Management of Aneurysms
Neurosurgery. 58(5):831-837, May 2006
Cerebral ischemia (stroke) can be a presenting clinical feature of intracranial aneurysms and may herald poor prognosis.
05/23/2006
04:10 PM
Systemic Administration of Simvastatin after the Onset of Experimental Subarachnoid Hemorrhage Attenuates Cerebral Vasospasm
Neurosurgery. 58(5):945-951, May 2006
Experimental evidence suggests that intercellular adhesion molecule-1 mediated leukocyte extravasation contributes to the pathogenesis of cerebral vasospasm. Simvastatin, an HMG-CoA reductase inhibitor, decreases intercellular adhesion molecule-1 expression and competitively inhibits leukocyte intercellular adhesion molecule-1 binding. We hypothesized that administration of simvastatin after the onset of subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) would attenuate perivascular granulocyte migration and ameliorate cerebral vasospasm in a rabbit model of SAH.
05/23/2006
04:10 PM
Delayed Posttraumatic Acute Subdural Hematoma in Elderly Patients on Anticoagulation
Neurosurgery. 58(5):E851-E856, May 2006
To discuss delayed acute subdural hematoma (DASH), a relatively neglected entity, and to emphasize the potentially elevated risk for DASH among elderly, anticoagulated mild traumatic brain injury (TBI) patients.
05/23/2006
04:08 PM
Hemorrhage Predisposing to Cerebral Infarction in Children With Moyamoya Disease
Pediatric Neurology Volume 34, Issue 5 , May 2006, Pages 400-404
Two children with a new diagnosis of hemorrhagic type moyamoya disease experienced cerebral infarction after intraventricular hemorrhage. The patients developed ischemia 15 and 2 days after the initial diagnosis of hemorrhage. No provocative factor such as hypoperfusion was identified, but both patients exhibited signs of increased intracranial pressure on computed tomographic scan before infarction.
05/23/2006
04:07 PM
Seizures ataxia developmental delay and the general paediatrician Glucose transporter 1 deficiency syndrome
nal of Paediatrics and Child Health, Volume 42, Number 5, May 2006, pp. 263-267(5)
Glucose transporter 1 deficiency syndrome (GLUT1-DS) is an important condition for the general paediatrician's differential armamentarium. We describe a case series of eight patients in order to raise awareness of this treatable neurometabolic condition. The diagnosis of GLUT1-DS is suggested by a decreased absolute cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) glucose value (<2.2?mmol/L) or lowered CSF: plasma glucose ratio (<0.4).
05/23/2006
04:06 PM
Evaluation of Mild Head Injury in a Pediatric Population
Pediatric Neurosurgery 2006;42:203-207
Approximately 5 million children present to emergency departments, seeking care for head injuries, each year, and 80% of these children are classified as cases of mild head injury. Due to the huge number of patients and low frequency of intracranial lesions in this group, obtaining a computed tomography scan for each and every patient is a significant economic problem.
05/23/2006
10:37 AM
UFOV performance and driving ability following traumatic brain injury
Brain Injury Volume 20, Number 5 / May 2006 455 - 461
To investigate the relationship between performance on the Useful Field of View Test (UFOV) and driving performance following traumatic brain injury (TBI).
05/23/2006
10:36 AM
Predictive value of S 100B protein and neuron specific enolase as markers of traumatic brain damage in clinical use
Brain Injury Volume 20, Number 5 / May 2006 463 - 468
S-100B and NSE proteins are considered to be neurobiochemical markers for the brain damage. The aim of this study was to consider the diagnostic and prognostic validity of the initial serum levels of S-100B and NSE in clinical use.
05/23/2006
10:35 AM
Utility of Glasgow Coma Scale Extended in symptom prediction following mild traumatic brain injury
Brain Injury Volume 20, Number 5 / May 2006 469 - 475
To examine the efficacy of the Glasgow Coma Scale-Extended (GCS-E) for the prediction of symptoms commonly associated with mild traumatic brain injury (TBI).
05/23/2006
10:34 AM
The impact of mild developmental learning difficulties on neuropsychological recovery from head trauma
Brain Injury Volume 20, Number 5 / May 2006 477 - 484
To investigate the prevalence of mild developmental learning difficulties (MDLD) in a group of patients who had sustained head trauma, to determine the impact on cognitive and neurobehavioural recovery.
05/23/2006
10:33 AM
Feedback of brain imaging findings Effect on impaired awareness and mood in acquired brain injury
Brain Injury Volume 20, Number 5 / May 2006 485 - 497
To investigate the utility of feedback of brain-imaging findings as an intervention for improving impaired awareness, depression and anxiety levels.
05/23/2006
10:31 AM
Traumatic brain injury among Australian prisoners Rates recurrence and sequelae
Brain Injury Volume 20, Number 5 / May 2006 499 - 506
To establish the prevalence, severity, recurrence and sequelae of past traumatic brain injury (TBI) among individuals recently received into custody.
05/23/2006
10:30 AM
The incidence of visual perceptual impairment in patients with severe traumatic brain injury
Brain Injury Volume 20, Number 5 / May 2006 507 - 518
To investigate the incidence of visual perceptual impairments in a sample of patients with traumatic brain injury (TBI) using the Occupational Therapy Adult Perceptual Screening Test (OT-APST), compare incidence rates to a normative sample and explore the relationship between the presence of visual perceptual impairment and the severity of cognitive and functional impairment following TBI.
05/23/2006
10:29 AM
Confirmatory factor structure of the Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression scale CES D in mild to moderate traumatic brain injury
Brain Injury Volume 20, Number 5 / May 2006 519 - 527
The Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression scale (CES-D) is a frequently-used self-report measure of depressive symptom severity. Brief depression screening measures can be important in the identification and prediction of depression following traumatic brain injury. The objective of this study was to investigate the validity of the CES-D in measuring depressive symptoms in patients with mild-to-moderate TBI as it has been rarely used in neurologically compromised populations.
05/23/2006
10:29 AM
EMA assessment of tongue jaw coordination during speech in dysarthria following traumatic brain injury
Brain Injury Volume 20, Number 5 / May 2006 529 - 545
To investigate the spatio-timing aspects of tongue–jaw co-ordination during speech in individuals with traumatic brain injury
(TBI). It was hypothesized that both timing and spatial co-ordination would be affected by
TBI.
05/23/2006
10:27 AM
Misconceptions about brain injury A survey replication study
Brain Injury Volume 20, Number 5 / May 2006 547 - 553
The researchers sought to update information about the public's knowledge about brain injury and to document progress made toward correcting misconceptions.
05/23/2006
10:26 AM
Multispecialty stroke services in California hospitals are associated with reduced mortality
NEUROLOGY 2006;66:1527-1532
To evaluate whether 1) a dedicated, multispecialty service, 2) a distinct hospital ward, 3) protocols, and 4) a specialist are associated with reduced mortality among patients with stroke.
05/23/2006
10:24 AM
CT after subarachnoid hemorrhage
NEUROLOGY 2006;66:1533-1538
Delayed cerebral ischemia (DCI) after subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) is difficult to predict. The authors studied the relation between several parameters of brain perfusion at admission and development of DCI.
05/23/2006
10:23 AM
Decreasing incidence of lacunar vs other types of cerebral infarction in a Japanese population
NEUROLOGY 2006;66:1539-1544
There is scant information on secular trends in the incidence and survival of ischemic stroke subtypes.
05/23/2006
10:21 AM
Association between tPA therapy and raised early matrix metalloproteinase 9 in acute stroke
NEUROLOGY 2006;66:1550-1555
Matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP9) is expressed in acute ischemic stroke and up-regulated by tissue plasminogen activator (tPA) in animal models. The authors investigated plasma MMP9 and its endogenous inhibitor, tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase (TIMP1), in tPA-treated and -untreated stroke patients.
05/23/2006
10:19 AM
Hippocampal electrical stimulation in mesial temporal lobe epilepsy
NEUROLOGY 2006;66:1490-1494
Adjustable, reversible therapies are needed for patients with pharmacoresistant epilepsy. Electrical stimulation of the hippocampus has been proposed as a possible treatment for mesial temporal lobe epilepsy (MTLE).
05/23/2006
10:18 AM
Rehabilitation for Traumatic Brain Injury
Journal of Head Trauma Rehabilitation. Focus on Clinical Research and Practice, Part 2. 21(3):291-292, May/June 2006
Review.
05/23/2006
10:18 AM
Forensic Neuropsychology A Scientific Approach
Journal of Head Trauma Rehabilitation. Focus on Clinical Research and Practice, Part 2. 21(3):289-291, May/June 2006
05/23/2006
10:17 AM
Corticosteroids in TBI: Is the Story Closed
Journal of Head Trauma Rehabilitation. Focus on Clinical Research and Practice, Part 2. 21(3):285-288, May/June 2006
05/23/2006
10:17 AM
Update on Antidepressants
Journal of Head Trauma Rehabilitation. Focus on Clinical Research and Practice, Part 2. 21(3):282-284, May/June 2006
05/23/2006
10:16 AM
Gender Sex Steroids and Neuroprotection Following Traumatic Brain Injury
Journal of Head Trauma Rehabilitation. Focus on Clinical Research and Practice, Part 2. 21(3):279-281, May/June 2006
05/23/2006
10:15 AM
Usefulness of Diffusion Tensor Imaging for Evaluation of Motor Function in Patients With Traumatic Brain Injury Three Case Studies
Journal of Head Trauma Rehabilitation. Focus on Clinical Research and Practice, Part 2. 21(3):272-278, May/June 2006
To determine whether diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) can detect diffuse axonal injury, and to evaluate the association of DTI findings with motor function in patients with traumatic brain injury.
05/23/2006
10:14 AM
Complicated Mild Traumatic Brain Injury on the Inpatient Rehabilitation Unit A Multicenter Analysis
Journal of Head Trauma Rehabilitation. Focus on Clinical Research and Practice, Part 2. 21(3):260-271, May/June 2006
To determine characteristics of patients with complicated mild traumatic brain injury (CMTBI) on the inpatient rehabilitation unit and to accentuate limits of current classification systems for patients with mild TBI.
05/23/2006
10:14 AM
Coping and Emotional Adjustment Following Traumatic Brain Injury
Journal of Head Trauma Rehabilitation. Focus on Clinical Research and Practice, Part 2. 21(3):248-259, May/June 2006
To examine the association between coping style and emotional adjustment following traumatic brain injury.
05/23/2006
10:13 AM
Predicting Family Functioning After TBI Impact of Neurobehavioral Factors
Journal of Head Trauma Rehabilitation. Focus on Clinical Research and Practice, Part 2. 21(3):236-247, May/June 2006.
To identify risk factors for poor family functioning and neurobehavioral problems after traumatic brain injury (TBI) or orthopedic injuries (OI).
05/23/2006
10:12 AM
Impaired Awareness of Deficits and Treatment Adherence Among People With Traumatic Brain Injury or Spinal Cord Injury
Journal of Head Trauma Rehabilitation. Focus on Clinical Research and Practice, Part 2. 21(3):226-235, May/June 2006
To examine the relation between impaired awareness of deficits (IAD) and treatment adherence and to verify previous findings regarding the types of disabilities that people with traumatic brain injury (TBI) tend to underestimate.
05/23/2006
10:11 AM
Outcomes in TBI With Violent Versus Nonviolent Etiology in a Predominantly Rural Setting
Journal of Head Trauma Rehabilitation. Focus on Clinical Research and Practice, Part 2. 21(3):213-225, May/June 2006
To evaluate differences in outcome in persons with violent versus nonviolent traumatic brain injury (TBI) etiology
05/23/2006
10:10 AM
Insomnia in Patients With Traumatic Brain Injury Frequency Characteristics and Risk Factors
Journal of Head Trauma Rehabilitation. Focus on Clinical Research and Practice, Part 2. 21(3):199-212, May/June 2006
To document the frequency of insomnia (according to DSM-IV and ICSD criteria), to describe its sociodemographic and clinical characteristics, and to identify potential predictors of insomnia in persons with traumatic brain injury (TBI).
05/23/2006
10:05 AM
Critical Score of Glasgow Coma Scale for Pediatric Traumatic Brain Injury
Pediatric Neurology Volume 34, Issue 5 , May 2006, Pages 379-387
The aim of this study is to determine the predictive critical value of the Glasgow Coma Scale for use as a determinant of outcome for children with traumatic brain injuries. A total of 309 children, aged 2-10 years, were enrolled in this study.
05/23/2006
10:04 AM
A step by step resection guided by electrocorticography for nonmalignant brain tumors associated with long term intractable epilepsy
Epilepsy & Behavior Volume 8, Issue 3 , May 2006, Pages 560-564
To delineate a surgical strategy for long-term intractable epilepsy associated with nonmalignant brain tumor, we developed a protocol for 25 patients whereby removal of tumor alone and additional irritative peritumoral tissue between sulci (gyrectomy), as well as further resectioning, was performed based on intraoperative electrocorticogram results.
05/23/2006
10:03 AM
Erratic complex partial status epilepticus as a presenting feature of MELAS
Epilepsy & Behavior Volume 8, Issue 3 , May 2006, Pages 655-658
Patients with the syndrome of mitochondrial encephalopathy, lactic acidosis, and strokelike episodes (MELAS) may rarely present with complex partial status epilepticus (CPSE) at clinical onset. We report on a 38-year-old woman with MELAS presenting with multifocal CPSE and periodic lateralized epileptiform discharges (PLEDs) on EEG during her first strokelike episode.
05/23/2006
10:02 AM
Frontoparietal activation during delayed visuospatial recall in patients with epilepsy due to hippocampal sclerosis
Epilepsy & Behavior Volume 8, Issue 3 , May 2006, Pages 565-574
We hypothesized that brain activation during encoding and retrieval of visual material differed between epilepsy patients with hippocampal sclerosis (HS) and healthy controls. Eleven patients with epilepsy and HS and nine age- and education-matched control subjects were tested during functional MRI recording.
05/23/2006
10:01 AM
Late onset psychogenic nonepileptic seizures
Epilepsy & Behavior Volume 8, Issue 3 , May 2006, Pages 649-650
Psychogenic non-epileptic seizures (PNES) are common, but have not been well studied in older patients. We retrospectively reviewed patients with PNES who were 60 years of age and above at the time of “seizure” onset.
05/23/2006
10:00 AM
Permanent dysphasia after status epilepticus Long term follow-up in an elderly patient
Epilepsy & Behavior Volume 8, Issue 3 , May 2006, Pages 677-680
We report the long-term follow-up of an elderly patient who developed a permanent sensorimotor dysphasia after status epilepticus. Magnetic resonance imaging of the brain and magnetic resonance angiography failed to demonstrate structural cerebral damage; however, a fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography scan revealed marked hypometabolism involving a large area in the left hemisphere and contralateral cerebellar cortex. Our case illustrates that permanent language dysfunction may occur after recurrent complex partial and secondarily generalized seizures.
05/23/2006
09:58 AM
Serum Creatinine Does Not Improve Early Classification of Ischemic Stroke Caused by Small Artery Occlusion
Journal of Stroke and Cerebrovascular Diseases Volume 15, Issue 3 , 6 May 2006, Pages 96-100
Accurate subtyping of ischemic stroke in the acute setting is a potentially important but very difficult task. Microvascular disease is a systemic disorder, and we hypothesized that impaired renal function, which is most commonly a result of microvascular disease, would correlate with the subtype of small-artery occlusion (SAO) in patients with acute ischemic stroke.
05/23/2006
09:57 AM
N terminal proBrain Natriuretic Peptide Levels Predict Short term Poststroke Survival
Journal of Stroke and Cerebrovascular Diseases Volume 15, Issue 3 , 6 May 2006, Pages 121-127
To investigate the significance of N-terminal proBrain natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP) in predicting the outcome of acute stroke in relation to other cardiovascular variables and stroke severity.
05/23/2006
09:55 AM
Prothrombotic abnormalities in childhood ischaemic stroke
Thrombosis Research Volume 118, Issue 1 , 2006, Pages 67-74
Childhood ischaemic stroke, incorporating arterial ischaemic stroke and cerebral sinus venous thrombosis, is associated with significant morbidity and mortality in children. The majority of cases in children present with well-recognised risk factors.
05/23/2006
09:54 AM
Postictal Psychosis in a Child
Pediatric Neurology Volume 34, Issue 5 , May 2006, Pages 388-391
Postictal psychosis is a state of psychosis following repeated or prolonged complex partial seizures with or without secondary generalization and is well described in adult epilepsy literature. It is sparsely reported in the pediatric literature. This report describes a 12-year-old male presenting with status epilepticus who developed psychotic symptoms.
05/23/2006
09:53 AM
American Society of Anesthesiology and Rankin as Predictive Parameters for the Outcome of Carotid Endarterectomy Within 28 Days After an Ischemic Stroke
Journal of Stroke and Cerebrovascular Diseases Volume 15, Issue 3 , 6 May 2006, Pages 114-120
Recent studies suggest that carotid endarterectomy (CEA) is more effective when performed closer to an ischemic event than after an arbitrary 4- to 6-week delay. Factors need to be identified to evaluate potential perioperative complications after early CEA.
05/23/2006
09:52 AM
Factors Delaying Admission to a Hospital based Stroke Unit in India
Journal of Stroke and Cerebrovascular Diseases Volume 15, Issue 3 , 6 May 2006, Pages 81-87
Limited information is available from India and other developing countries regarding the various factors that contribute to a delay in hospital admission after stroke. The stroke unit of the Christian Medical College, Ludhiana, in Northwest India prospectively studied the various factors contributing to delay in hospital admission during a 15-month period ending September 2003.
05/23/2006
09:50 AM
Determinants of success in the use of oral levetiracetam in status epilepticus
Epilepsy & Behavior Volume 8, Issue 3 , May 2006, Pages 651-654
The use of new antiepileptic drugs for treatment of status epilepticus (SE) has not been studied systematically, particularly with respect to response predictors, the possibility of a dose–response relationship, and the efficacy of administration through a nasogastric tube.
05/23/2006
09:49 AM
Transient Blindness Due to Posterior Reversible Encephalopathy Syndrome Following Ephedra Overdose
Southern Medical Journal. 99(5):511-514, May 2006
Posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome (PRES), also known as reversible posterior leukoencephalopathy syndrome (RPLS), is most often associated with hypertensive emergencies and is characterized by seizures, mental status changes and visual disturbances. We report a case of a previously healthy young man who developed multiorgan failure and transient cortical blindness following ingestion of a performance-enhancing ephedra-based supplement.
05/23/2006
09:48 AM
Protective Effect of Minocycline Treatment on Striatal Ischemia
Journal of Stroke and Cerebrovascular Diseases Volume 15, Issue 3 , 6 May 2006, Pages 101-105
Minocycline reduces infarct volume measured up to 1 week after focal cerebral ischemia, but it has not been shown that this results in lasting improvement in functional outcome. This study examined behavioral outcome in rats out to 3 weeks after focal ischemia induced by injection of the vasoconstrictor endothelin (ET)-1 (400 pmol in 1 µL of saline) into the striatum.
05/23/2006
09:46 AM
In vitro responsiveness of human drug resistant tissue to antiepileptic drugs Insights into the mechanisms of pharmacoresistance
Brain Research Volume 1086, Issue 1 , 1 May 2006, Pages 201-213
Pharmacoresistance in epileptic patients may be ascribed to at least two, not mutually exclusive, mechanisms: a pharmacokinetic mechanism and a decreased sensitivity or availability of targets to antiepileptic drugs (AEDs; i.e., carbamazepine and phenytoin (CBZ, PHT)). Brain:plasma drug concentration ratios were determined intraoperatively during lobectomies performed to alleviate drug-resistant seizures.
05/23/2006
09:45 AM
Effects of Day Hospital Rehabilitation After Stroke
Journal of Stroke and Cerebrovascular Diseases Volume 15, Issue 3 , 6 May 2006, Pages 106-113
We sought to evaluate with 3 relevant, reliable, and valid measurement instruments the effect of 6 to 8 weeks of day hospital rehabilitation (DHR) after stroke on physical and cognitive functions and self-rated health and health-related quality of life, possible relationships among these variables, and direct costs of the rehabilitation period.
05/22/2006
09:49 AM
Does Traumatic Brain Injury Trigger Delayed Neuronal Death through Apoptosis
Acad Emerg Med Volume 13, Number 5_suppl_1 139-140
There are conflicting data on the role that apoptosis plays in traumatic brain injury (TBI). Models by different investigators differed in species, age, mechanism/severity of injury, and morphologic documentation of neuronal cell death.
05/20/2006
11:31 AM
Cognitive performance of patients with mesial temporal lobe epilepsy is not associated with human prion protein gene variant allele at codons 129 and 171
Epilepsy & Behavior Volume 8, Issue 3 , May 2006, Pages 635-642
Cognitive impairment has long been recognized in people with medically refractory epilepsies. Mesial temporal lobe epilepsy related to hippocampal sclerosis (MTLE-HS), the most common surgically remediable epileptic syndrome, has been associated with a cellular prion protein (PrPc) gene (Prnp) variant allele at codon 171. The polymorphism consisting of a methionine-for-valine substitution at codon 129 has been associated with early cognitive deterioration in elderly people and patients with Down syndrome.
05/20/2006
11:29 AM
Role of interictal epileptiform abnormalities in cognitive impairment
Epilepsy & Behavior Volume 8, Issue 3 , May 2006, Pages 504-515
The epileptic encephalopathies are conditions in which neurological deterioration is attributable entirely or partly to epileptic activity and is due to very frequent or severe seizures or severely abnormal electroencephalograms (EEGs), or both. Evidence for the concept that seizures or the abnormal EEGs are responsible for the cognitive deterioration is the observation that patients can improve dramatically when therapy eliminates or reduces seizure frequency and improves or normalizes the EEG. For example, children with the syndrome of continuous spike–wave of sleep
(CSWS) have electrical status epilepticus during sleep (ESES) and cognitive regression.
05/20/2006
11:28 AM
Rapid versus slow withdrawal of antiepileptic drugs
The Cochrane Library, Issue 2, 2006
The ideal objective of treating a person with epilepsy is to induce remission by usage of antiepileptic drugs (AEDs) and withdraw the AEDs without causing seizure recurrence. Prolonged usage of AEDs may have long-term side effects. Hence when a person with epilepsy is in remission (free of seizures for some time) it is logical to attempt to discontinue the medication. The timing of withdrawal and the mode of withdrawal arise while contemplating withdrawal of AEDs. This review proposes to examine the evidence for the rate of withdrawal of AEDs (whether rapid or slow tapering) and its effect on recurrence of seizure.
05/20/2006
11:27 AM
Efficacy and Safety of Zonisamide Monotherapy in a Cohort of Children With Epilepsy
Pediatric Neurology Volume 34, Issue 5 , May 2006, Pages 351-354
The aim of this study was to evaluate the efficacy and safety of zonisamide monotherapy in a cohort of children and adolescents with various types of epilepsy. Retrospective review of charts of our institution from 2001 through 2004 identified 69 children (19 males and 50 females, mean age 13.2 years) with epilepsy on zonisamide monotherapy
05/20/2006
11:27 AM
Phenotype definition in epilepsy
Epilepsy & Behavior Volume 8, Issue 3 , May 2006, Pages 462-476
Phenotype definition consists of the use of epidemiologic, biological, molecular, or computational methods to systematically select features of a disorder that might result from distinct genetic influences. By carefully defining the target phenotype, or dividing the sample by phenotypic characteristics, we can hope to narrow the range of genes that influence risk for the trait in the study population, thereby increasing the likelihood of finding them.
05/20/2006
11:26 AM
Intranasal Midazolam vs Rectal Diazepam in Acute Childhood Seizures
Pediatric Neurology Volume 34, Issue 5 , May 2006, Pages 355-359
One hundred eighty-eight seizure episodes in 46 children were randomly assigned to receive treatment with rectal diazepam and intranasal midazolam with doses of 0.3 mg/kg body weight and 0.2 mg/kg body weight, respectively. Efficacy of the drugs was assessed by drug administration time and seizure cessation time.
05/20/2006
11:25 AM
The role of synaptic reorganization in mesial temporal lobe epilepsy
Epilepsy & Behavior Volume 8, Issue 3 , May 2006, Pages 483-493
The mechanisms underlying mesial temporal lobe epilepsy (MTLE) remain uncertain. Putative mechanisms should account for several features characteristic of the clinical presentation and the neurophysiological and neuropathological abnormalities observed in patients with intractable MTLE.
05/20/2006
11:24 AM
Intracranial stimulation study of lateralization of affect
Epilepsy & Behavior Volume 8, Issue 3 , May 2006, Pages 534-541
As part of their evaluation for epilepsy surgery, 53 patients underwent stimulation of depth or subdural electrodes. Responses obtained from depth stimulation included motor responses at 34 sites, sensory responses at 114 sites, language alterations at 6 sites, and affective responses at 22 sites. Responses obtained from subdural stimulation included motor responses at 19 sites, sensory responses at 31 sites, speech alterations at 10 sites, and affective responses at 1 site.
05/20/2006
11:23 AM
Quality of life in medication resistant epilepsy The effects of patient age age at seizure onset and disease duration
Epilepsy & Behavior Volume 8, Issue 3 , May 2006, Pages 547-551
The goal of this study was to examine the effects of age, age at seizure onset, and duration of epilepsy on health-related quality of life (HRQOL) in patients with medication-resistant epilepsy.
05/20/2006
11:22 AM
MRI volumetry shows increased anterior thalamic volumes in patients with absence seizures
Epilepsy & Behavior Volume 8, Issue 3 , May 2006, Pages 575-580
The interaction between thalamus and cortex appears to be critical to the pathophysiology of idiopathic generalized epilepsies (IGEs). The objective of this study was to investigate thalamic volumes of a group of patients with IGEs using high-resolution MRI. Thalamic segmentation was performed by the same rater, who was unaware of the diagnosis.
05/20/2006
11:21 AM
The impact of levetiracetam on challenging behavior
Epilepsy & Behavior Volume 8, Issue 3 , May 2006, Pages 588-592
An observational longitudinal design was employed to evaluate whether treatment with the antiepileptic drug levetiracetam (LEV) adversely impacts behavior in people with intellectual disabilities and/or acquired brain damage.
05/20/2006
11:20 AM
Hypothalamic Glioma Presenting with Seizures
Pediatric Neurosurgery 2006;42:249-253
A rare case of hypothalamic glioma in a 7-year-old boy presenting with seizures and diabetes insipidus is reported. Near total decompression of the hypothalamic glioma was done successfully using subfrontal approach.
05/20/2006
11:18 AM
Transdermal Glyceryl Trinitrate Lowers Blood Pressure and Maintains Cerebral Blood Flow in Recent Stroke
Hypertension. 2006;47:1209
High blood pressure (BP) is common in acute stroke and is independently associated with a poor outcome. Lowering BP might improve outcome if it did not adversely affect cerebral blood flow (CBF) or cerebral perfusion pressure. We investigated the effect of glyceryl trinitrate ([GTN] an NO donor) on quantitative CBF, BP, and cerebral perfusion pressure in patients with recent stroke.
05/20/2006
11:16 AM
Prevalence of inducible paroxysmal supraventricular tachycardia during esophageal electrophysiologic study in patients with unexplained stroke
International Journal of Cardiology
Volume 109, Issue 3 , 24 May 2006, Pages 344-350
The relationships between stroke and atrial tachycardia or atrial fibrillation were previously reported. Electrophysiological study is one of the means, used to detect and evaluate these atrial tachyarrhythmias. But, some other arrhythmias as paroxysmal supraventricular tachycardia, can be induced during electrophysiologic study and their significance in stroke is unknown.
05/20/2006
11:15 AM
Differentiating the Roles of the Hippocampus and Perirhinal Cortex in Processes beyond Long Term Declarative Memory A Double Dissociation in Dementia
The Journal of Neuroscience, May 10, 2006, 26(19):5198-5203; doi:10.1523/JNEUROSCI.3157-05.2006
There is increasing evidence to suggest that the hippocampus and perirhinal cortex may mediate processes beyond long-term declarative memory. We assessed patients with Alzheimer's disease (AD) or semantic dementia (SD) on a visual oddity judgment task that did not place an explicit demand on long-term memory and is known to be sensitive to hippocampal and perirhinal cortex lesions.
05/20/2006
11:12 AM
Systems Consolidation Requires Postlearning Activation of NMDA Receptors in the Medial Prefrontal Cortex in Trace Eyeblink Conditioning
The Journal of Neuroscience, May 10, 2006, 26(19):5049-5058; doi:10.1523/JNEUROSCI.4381-05.2006
The importance of the hippocampus in declarative memory is limited to recently acquired memory, and remotely acquired memory is believed to be stored somewhere in the neocortex. However, it remains unknown how the memory network is reorganized from a hippocampus-dependent form into a neocortex-dependent one. We reported previously that the medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC) is important for this neocortex-dependent remote memory in rat trace eyeblink conditioning.
05/20/2006
11:11 AM
Alien Hand Syndrome in Stroke A Report of 2 Cases and Review of the Literature
Archives of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation Volume 87, Issue 5 , May 2006, Pages 728-732
Alien hand syndrome (AHS) is a rare condition that occurs in patients with brain injury. It has also been described in stroke subjects, after callosotomy, and in corticobasal degeneration. The common feature of AHS is the involuntary autonomous activity of the affected extremity that is perceived as being controlled by an external force.
05/20/2006
11:10 AM
Angiographic Follow Up of Cerebral Aneurysms Treated with Guglielmi Detachable Coils An Analysis of 162 Cases with 173 Aneurysms
American Journal of Neuroradiology 27:1107-1112, May 2006
The endovascular approach, with the use of Guglielmi detachable coils (GDC), has been increasingly used to treat ruptured and unruptured cerebral aneurysms in recent years. Our objective was to assess the mid- to long-term radiologic outcome of cerebral aneurysms treated with GDC embolization.
05/20/2006
11:10 AM
Hemodynamics in a Cerebral Artery before and after the Formation of an Aneurysm
American Journal of Neuroradiology 27:1113-1118, May 2006
Using data obtained from 3D digital subtraction angiography acquisitions, computational fluid dynamics techniques were used first to assess hemodynamic factors in geometrically correct models of 3 paraclinoid aneurysms and then again for assessment after virtual removal of the aneurysms and reconstruction of the parent artery. Simulations revealed an area of relatively low and rotating wall shear stresses at the location at which each aneurysm had developed. This phenomenon, to our knowledge, has not been previously described.
05/20/2006
11:08 AM
Visualization of Hemodynamics in a Silicon Aneurysm Model Using Time Resolved 3D Phase Contrast MRI
American Journal of Neuroradiology 27:1119-1122, May 2006
We performed time-resolved 3D phase-contrast MR imaging by using a 1.5T MR scanner to visualize hemodynamics in a silicon vascular model with a middle cerebral aneurysm. We ran an aqueous solution of glycerol as a flowing fluid with a pulsatile pump. Time-resolved images of 3D streamlines and 2D velocity vector fields clearly demonstrated that the aneurysm had 3D complex vortex flows within it during systolic phase. This technique provided us with time-resolved 3D hemodynamic information about the intracranial aneurysm.
05/20/2006
11:07 AM
Prehospital Rapid Sequence Intubation for Head Trauma Conditions for a Successful Program
Journal of Trauma-Injury Infection & Critical Care. 60(5):997-1001, May 2006
Recent reports have questioned the safety and efficacy of prehospital rapid sequence intubation (RSI) for patients with head trauma. The purpose of this study is to determine the rate of successful prehospital RSI, associated complications, and delays in transport of critically injured trauma patients treated by a select, well-trained group of paramedics with frequent exposure to this procedure and a rigorous quality control system.
05/20/2006
11:06 AM
Prevalence and Prognosis of Traumatic Intraventricular Hemorrhage in Patients with Blunt Head Trauma
Journal of Trauma-Injury Infection & Critical Care. 60(5):1010-1017, May 2006
Most studies of traumatic intraventricular hemorrhage (tIVH) contain fewer than 25 subjects and are retrospective in design, providing minimal information about the entity and its clinical significance.
05/20/2006
11:05 AM
The Radial Artery Access Site for Interventional Neuroradiology Procedures
The radial artery access site offers many advantages in neuroangiography. Right vertebral artery access is readily obtained from a right radial artery approach. As with cardiology procedures, neuroradiology procedures may necessitate the use of lytic therapy or platelet inhibitors. Sheath removal can be done without reversal of anticoagulation or concerns about major bleeding complications. We report our experience in using the radial artery access site for interventional neuroradiology cases. Practical considerations and technical details are offered.
05/20/2006
11:04 AM
Neonatal hypoglycemia and occipital cerebral injury
The Journal of Pediatrics Volume 148, Issue 4 , April 2006, Pages 552-555
Occipital brain injury associated with neonatal hypoglycemia can result in long-term disability, epilepsy, and visual impairment. The etiology of this pattern of injury is unclear; however, transient hyperinsulinism may be an independent risk factor. Magnetic resonance brain imaging can delineate the extent of brain injury and guide follow-up.
05/20/2006
11:03 AM
Spontaneous Spinal Cerebrospinal Fluid Leaks and Intracranial Hypotension
JAMA. 2006;295:2286-2296
To summarize existing evidence regarding the epidemiology, pathophysiology, diagnosis, and management of spontaneous spinal CSF leaks and intracranial hypotension.
05/20/2006
11:02 AM
Head computed tomography guidelines are being followed
Emergency Medicine Australasia, Volume 18, Number 3, June 2006, pp. 238-244(7)
Several guidelines have been developed to direct the ordering of head computed tomography (CT) for patients, but most are clinical presentation-specific. Recently, an integrated guideline for ordering emergent head CT for patients who present to the ED of Western Hospital, Footscray, Victoria, Australia, was developed in response to concerns raised regarding perceived over-utilization of head CT for ED patients. Our aim was to determine compliance with the guideline.
05/20/2006
11:00 AM
Paramedic intubation of patients with severe head injury a review of current Australian practice and recommendations for change
Emergency Medicine Australasia, Volume 18, Number 3, June 2006, pp. 221-228(8)
Secondary brain injury may occur early after severe traumatic brain injury due to hypoxia and/or hypotension. Prehospital care by ambulance paramedics has the goal of preventing and treating these complications and, thus, improving outcomes. In Australia, most ambulance services recommend paramedics attempt endotracheal intubation in patients with severe head injury. Even though most patients with severe head injury retain airway reflexes, most states do not allow the use of appropriate drugs to facilitate intubation. In contrast, recent evidence from trauma registries suggests that this approach may be associated with significantly worse outcomes compared with no intubation.
05/20/2006
10:59 AM
Fatigue in Neurological Psychiatric and Medical Conditions
Journal of the International Neuropsychological Society (2006), 12: 442-444
Fatigue is ubiquitous and falls within the purview of several specialties, including neurology, psychiatry, neuropsychology, endocrinology, rheumatology, and immunology. As Simon Wessely points out in the Foreword of Fatigue as a Window to the Brain, fatigue has been virtually overlooked as an area of scientific study, because it is difficult to measure and, as a symptom, rarely aids in differential diagnosis.
05/20/2006
10:58 AM
Global local scoring modifications for the Rey Osterrieth Complex Figure Relation to unilateral temporal lobe epilepsy patients
Journal of the International Neuropsychological Society (2006), 12: 383-390
Observation of figural reproductions of right temporal lobe epilepsy (RTLE) patients have revealed overall configuration errors, whereas in left temporal lobe epilepsy (LTLE) patients, the global aspect of performance is generally preserved. This study compared performance of individuals with temporal lobe epilepsy (LTLE, n = 83; RTLE, n = 63) on a global/local modification of the Rey-Osterrieth Complex Figure Test (RCFT).
05/20/2006
10:56 AM
Demographic and cognitive predictors of long term psychosocial outcome following traumatic brain injury
Journal of the International Neuropsychological Society (2006), 12: 350-358
Demographic factors and cognitive impairment have been found previously to have associations with outcome after brain injury. Kendall and Terry (1996) suggest that preinjury psychosocial functioning, neurological factors, and cognitive impairment have a direct relationship with multidimensional psychosocial adjustment, but that cognitive impairment also has an indirect relationship by means of the mediation of appraisal and coping variables. The aim of this study was to explore these theoretical relationships at very late stages of recovery after brain injury.
05/18/2006
11:51 AM
Interinstitutional variance of postoperative radiotherapy and follow up for meningiomas in Germany impact of changes of the WHO classification
Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery, and Psychiatry 2006
To document and critically analyse the impact of the revised WHO 2000 histological classification for meningiomas on postoperative radiotherapy/radiosurgery indications and MRI follow up protocols.
05/18/2006
11:50 AM
Axonal damage and outcome in subarachnoid haemorrhage
Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery, and Psychiatry 2006
On the basis of preliminary evidence from patients with subarachnoid haemorrhage (SAH), axonal degeneration is thought to be an underestimated pathological feature.
05/18/2006
11:48 AM
Psychosocial impact of finding small aneurysms that are left untreated in patients previously operated on for ruptured aneurysms
Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery, and Psychiatry 2006
In patients with previous subarachnoid haemorrhage (SAH) undergoing follow up screening, the authors assessed the impact of finding but not treating very small aneurysms by comparing quality of life (QOL), anxiety, and depression between patients with a newly detected aneurysm that was left untreated (cases) and patients with a negative screening (controls) as this should be incorporated in the evaluation of effectiveness of screening.
05/18/2006
11:47 AM
Type of stroke after transient monocular blindness or retinal infarction of presumed arterial origin
Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery, and Psychiatry 2006
Retinal infarction and transient monocular blindness (TMB) are associated with an increased risk of future ischaemic stroke. Little information is available on the type of subsequent ischaemic strokes that may occur (anterior or posterior circulation and small vessel or large vessel).
05/18/2006
11:46 AM
No evidence that severity of stroke in internal carotid occlusion is related to collateral arteries
Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery, and Psychiatry 2006
The neurological effects of internal carotid artery (ICA) occlusion vary between patients. The authors investigated whether the severity of symptoms in a large group of patients with ipsilateral or/and contralateral ICA occlusion at presentation with ocular or cerebral ischaemic symptoms could be explained by patency of other extra or intracranial arteries to act as collateral pathways.
05/18/2006
11:44 AM
Risk awareness and knowledge of patients with stroke results of a questionnaire survey 3 months after stroke
Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery, and Psychiatry 2006
To analyse patients’ awareness and knowledge about cerebrovascular risk factors
(CVRF) and their influence on CVRF control.
05/18/2006
11:42 AM
A cross sectional study of subjective complaints in patients with epilepsy who seem to be well-controlled with anti epileptic drugs
Seizure Volume 15, Issue 4 , June 2006, Pages 242-248
Side-effects of anti-epileptic drugs (AEDs) may be overlooked in patients with epilepsy in everyday clinical practice. The aim of this study was to assess the prevalence and severity of subjective complaints in patients who were considered to be well-controlled and to assess whether these complaints are related to medication, personality traits, or other determinants.
05/18/2006
11:41 AM
Subcortical Calcification on CT in Dural Arteriovenous Fistula with Cortical Venous Reflux
American Journal of Neuroradiology 27:1076-1078, May 2006
We report 3 cases of dural arteriovenous fistula (dAVF) with cortical venous reflux (CVR) presenting calcification in the cortico-medullary junction at the bottom of cerebral sulci on unenhanced CT. This likely results from chronic venous congestion with resulting impaired perfusion of the involved parenchyma. dAVF with CVR, which is known to have poor prognosis without treatment, should be included in the differential diagnosis of subcortical calcification on CT.
05/18/2006
11:40 AM
Surgical challenges associated with intensive treatment protocols for high risk neuroblastoma
Journal of Pediatric Surgery Volume 41, Issue 5 , May 2006, Pages 960-965
High-risk neuroblastoma (NB; age, >1 year; INSS stage 4) is associated with a poor outcome. At our institution, the current dose-intensive high-risk Children's Oncology Group protocol for advanced NB appears to have a higher surgical complication rate as compared with previous protocols.
05/18/2006
11:39 AM
Cognitive dysfunction in epilepsy Case reports
Seizure Volume 15, Issue 4 , June 2006, Pages 264-266
Cognitive dysfunction in people with epilepsy is a frequently encountered but also easily overlooked problem. In this article three patients with epilepsy are presented with cognitive problems due to a relapse of seizures, due to continuing absence seizures or as a consequence of deteriorating mental functions resulting from frequent complex partial seizures. In the last patient the decline in mental functioning was also demonstrated in a disseminated activation pattern on her fMRI, which contrasts with the localised activity as seen in controls on fMRI. Suggestions how to handle these problems in daily practice are given.
05/18/2006
11:38 AM
Neonatal factors influence adult stroke outcome
Psychoneuroendocrinology Volume 31, Issue 5 , June 2006, Pages 601-613
Neonatal environment can have important, life-long influences on stress-reactivity and hypothalamic–pituitary–adrenal
(HPA) axis regulation. In rodents, brief mother–infant separations have been shown to improve efficiency of the HPA axis, decrease stress-reactivity, and decrease age-related declines in cognitive function. Here, we provide evidence that there are potential costs associated with improved HPA axis regulation, including increased sensitivity to cerebral inflammation and
glucocorticoid-mediated neuronal death following stroke.
05/18/2006
11:37 AM
Subcortical Calcification on CT in Dural Arteriovenous Fistula with Cortical Venous Reflux
American Journal of Neuroradiology 27:1076-1078, May 2006
We report 3 cases of dural arteriovenous fistula (dAVF) with cortical venous reflux (CVR) presenting calcification in the cortico-medullary junction at the bottom of cerebral sulci on unenhanced CT. This likely results from chronic venous congestion with resulting impaired perfusion of the involved parenchyma. dAVF with CVR, which is known to have poor prognosis without treatment, should be included in the differential diagnosis of subcortical calcification on CT.
05/18/2006
11:37 AM
Degree of Hippocampal Atrophy Is Related to Side of Seizure Onset in Temporal Lobe Epilepsy
American Journal of Neuroradiology 27:1046-1052, May 2006
Temporal lobe epilepsy (TLE) is associated with pathologic changes in hippocampal physiology and morphology. Our aim was to quantify volume reduction of the right and left hippocampus in patients with TLE and to investigate whether the degree of hippocampal atrophy is related to the side of seizure onset.
05/16/2006
03:42 PM
Psychometric Properties of a Modified Wolf Motor Function Test for People With Mild and Moderate Upper Extremity Hemiparesis
Archives of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation Volume 87, Issue 5 , May 2006, Pages 656-660
To test the necessity of videotaping, test-retest reliability, and item stability and validity of a modified Wolf Motor Function Test (WMFT) for people with mild and moderate chronic upper-extremity (UE) hemiparesis caused by stroke.
05/16/2006
03:40 PM
Cognitive problems related to epilepsy syndromes especially malignant epilepsies
Seizure Volume 15, Issue 4 , June 2006, Pages 227-234
Neurocognitive impairment is frequent in epilepsy patients. Causes are multiple, and may be influenced by several factors including the epilepsy syndrome.
05/16/2006
03:39 PM
Hand Function and Motor Cortical Output Poststroke Are They Related
Archives of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation Volume 87, Issue 5 , May 2006, Pages 627-634
To characterize hand function and cortical excitability in chronic and subacute stages of stroke recovery and to describe the relations between these measures.
05/16/2006
03:38 PM
Subjective Visual Vertical Perception Relates to Balance in Acute Stroke
Archives of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation Volume 87, Issue 5 , May 2006, Pages 642-646
To determine whether misperception of the subjective visual vertical (SVV) underlies balance difficulties in hemiplegic patients.
05/16/2006
03:37 PM
Calcium sensitivity of vasospastic basilar artery after experimental subarachnoid hemorrhage
Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol 290: H2329-H2336, 2006. First published January 6, 2006
Arteries that develop vasospasm after subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) may have altered contractility and compliance. Whether these changes are due to alterations in the smooth muscle cells or the arterial wall extracellular matrix is unknown. This study elucidated the location of such changes and determined the calcium sensitivity of vasospastic arteries.
05/16/2006
03:36 PM
Joint Angle Dependent Neuromuscular Dysfunctions at the Wrist in Persons After Stroke
Archives of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation Volume 87, Issue 5 , May 2006, Pages 671-679
To evaluate the joint-angle–dependent neuromuscular functions at the affected wrist in hemiplegic subjects after stroke while doing isometric maximal voluntary wrist flexion and extension across different wrist angles.
05/16/2006
03:34 PM
Cognitive side effects of anti epileptic drugs The relevance in childhood epilepsy
Seizure Volume 15, Issue 4 , June 2006, Pages 235-241
In recent years several new anti-epileptic drugs have been introduced, also for the treatment of childhood epilepsy. A major concern is their effect on learning and cognitive development. Testing the genuine effects on cognition of the anti-epileptic drugs is methodologically not easy. At this moment there are very few controlled trials that systematically examine the cognitive side effects of anti-epileptic drugs in childhood epilepsy. The available data indicate that the newer anti-epileptic drugs have a safe cognitive profile when prescribed correctly at the right dose and in monotherapy. Possible negative effects are mainly found for speed of processing and attention processes. As these processes are important instruments in every day learning and cognition, it is necessary to test these newer anti-epileptic drugs in well designed studies and in specific childhood epilepsy syndromes.
05/16/2006
03:33 PM
A Longitudinal Study of Health Related Quality of Life After Traumatic Brain Injury
Archives of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation Volume 87, Issue 5 , May 2006, Pages 611-618
To examine the longitudinal course of health-related quality of life from 1 month to 3 to 5 years after traumatic brain injury (TBI).
05/16/2006
03:32 PM
Biomechanic Modeling of Sit to Stand to Upright Posture for Mobility Assessment of Persons With Chronic Stroke
Archives of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation Volume 87, Issue 5 , May 2006, Pages 635-641
To test the suitability of using biomechanic measures associated with a minimum measured input model (MMIM) approach to assess mobility of people with chronic stroke during the execution of a sit-to-stand (STS) to upright posture motor task.
05/16/2006
03:32 PM
Clinical Evaluation of Cellulose Porous Beads for the Therapeutic Embolization of Meningiomas
American Journal of Neuroradiology 27:1146-1150, May 2006
Cellulose porous beads (CPBs) are a new, exceptionally uniformly sized, nonabsorbable embolic agent. We evaluated their efficacy in the preoperative embolization of meningiomas.
05/16/2006
03:31 PM
Diffusion Tensor Imaging in the Assessment of Normal Appearing Brain Tissue Damage in Relapsing Neuromyelitis Optica
American Journal of Neuroradiology 27:1009-1015, May 2006
Normal-appearing brain tissue (NABT) damage was established in multiple sclerosis by histology, MR spectroscopy, magnetization transfer imaging and diffusion tensor imaging (DTI). However, whether this phenomenon can be detected in relapsing neuromyelitis optica (RNMO) remains unclear. The aim of this study was to use DTI to investigate the presence of NABT damage in RNMO patients and its possible mechanism.
05/16/2006
03:29 PM
Dimensions of Disordered Attention in Traumatic Brain Injury: Further Validation of the Moss Attention Rating Scale
Archives of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation Volume 87, Issue 5 , May 2006, Pages 647-655
To investigate the factor structure of disordered attention in moderate to severe, acute traumatic brain injury (TBI) and to use factor analysis and item response theory to further validate and refine an observational rating scale of attention for clinical and research purposes.
05/16/2006
07:51 AM
Distribution of weakness in the upper and lower limbs post stroke
Disability & Rehabilitation Volume 28, Number 11 / June 2006 715 - 719
To assess the distribution of weakness in the upper and lower limbs post-stroke and the factors associated with weakness.
05/16/2006
07:50 AM
Intraoperative Magnetic Resonance Imaging guided neurosurgery at 3 T
Neurosurgery. 58(4) Operative Neurosurgery Supplement 2:ONS-338-ONS-346, April 2006
Between 1997 and 2004, more than 700 neurosurgical procedures were performed in a 1.5-T magnetic resonance-guided therapy suite. During this period, the concept of high-field intraoperative magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) was validated, as was a new surgical guidance tool, the Navigus (Image-guided Neurologics, Melbourne, FL), and its methodology, prospective stereotaxy. Clinical protocols were refined to optimize surgical techniques. That implementation, the "Minnesota suite," has recently been revised, and a new suite with a 3-T MRI scanner has been developed.
05/16/2006
07:48 AM
Combined Anterior and Anterolateral Approaches to the Cranial Base Complication Analysis Avoidance and Management
Neurosurgery. 58(4) Operative Neurosurgery Supplement 2:ONS-327-ONS-337, April 2006
During the past decade, applications of anterior and anterolateral cranial approaches for both benign and malignant pathologies have expanded in frequency and application. Complications associated with these procedures impact significantly on patient outcome. The primary aim of this study is to detail the strategies for complication management and avoidance developed from experience with 120 patients who underwent anterior and anterolateral cranial base procedures during the past 14 years.
05/16/2006
07:46 AM
Double dissociation between representational personal and extrapersonal neglect
NEUROLOGY 2006;66:1414-1417
Although perceptual and representational neglect are frequently associated, the demonstration of a double dissociation between both neglect forms suggests that both rely on different central mechanisms. In addition, perceptual neglect can be selectively observed within personal space or extrapersonal space. However, it is not known whether the latter dissociation also exists in representational neglect.
05/16/2006
07:45 AM
Twin Peaks An ERP Study of Action Planning and Control in Coacting Individuals
Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience. 2006;18:859-870
Previous studies have shown that perceiving another's actions activates corresponding representations in an observer's action system. The present study investigated how performing a task with another person affects action planning and control. Reaction times (RTs) and event-related potentials were measured while participants performed a go/no-go task alone and with another person. Three effects of acting together were observed. First, RTs were slowed when individuals had to respond to a stimulus referring to the other's action, suggesting that an action selection conflict occurred. Second, at frontal sites, a stimulus referring to the other's action elicited a similar electrophysiological response as a stimulus referring to one's own action. Finally, on no-go trials, P300 amplitude was significantly larger in a group setting, indicating that an action was suppressed. These findings provide evidence that individuals acting in a social context form shared action representations.
05/16/2006
07:43 AM
Multiple Levels of Stimulus Representation in Visual Working Memory
Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience. 2006;18:844-858
Object recognition presumably involves activation of multiple levels of representation. Here we use the encoding-related lateralization
(ERL) method [Gratton, G. The contralateral organization of visual memory: A theoretical concept and a research tool. Psychophysiology, 35, 638–647, 1998] to describe the sequential activation of several of these levels.
05/16/2006
07:42 AM
Vagus nerve stimulation and cognition
Seizure Volume 15, Issue 4 , June 2006, Pages 259-263
Vagus nerve stimulation (VNS) has been developed as an add-on treatment for patients with refractory epilepsy. Based on the clinical observation of improved cognition in many epilepsy patients who received VNS, we reviewed the recent literature for evidence concerning the cognitive effects of this treatment.
05/16/2006
07:39 AM
Dual Electrode Thalamic Deep Brain Stimulation for the Treatment of Posttraumatic and Multiple Sclerosis Tremor
Neurosurgery. 58(4) Operative Neurosurgery Supplement 2:ONS-280-ONS-286, April 2006
To report the results of ventralis intermedius nucleus/ventralis oralis posterior nucleus (VIM) plus ventralis oralis anterior (VOA)/ventralis oralis posterior (VOP) thalamic deep brain stimulation (DBS) for the treatment of posttraumatic and multiple sclerosis tremor.
05/16/2006
07:38 AM
Application of Rapid sampling Online Microdialysis to the Monitoring of Brain Metabolism during Aneurysm Surgery
Neurosurgery. 58(4) Operative Neurosurgery Supplement 2:ONS-313-ONS-321, April 2006
To introduce rapid-sampling microdialysis for the early detection of adverse metabolic changes in tissue at risk during aneurysm surgery.
05/16/2006
07:36 AM
Double Reimplantation Technique to Reconstruct Arterial Bifurcations with Giant Aneurysms Operative Nuances
Neurosurgery. 58(4) Operative Neurosurgery Supplement 2:ONS-347-ONS-354, April 2006
To introduce the double implantation technique, a variation of standard radial artery or saphenous vein bypass that can be used to reconstruct arterial bifurcations in the management of giant aneurysms with complex branch arteries.
05/16/2006
07:35 AM
Lower target blood pressures are safe and effective for the prevention of recurrent stroke the PROGRESS trial
Journal of Hypertension. 24(6):1201-1208, June 2006
To explore the likely optimum blood pressure (BP) level for patients with a history of cerebrovascular disease.
05/16/2006
07:33 AM
The potential of pharmacogenetics in the treatment of epilepsy
European Journal of Paediatric Neurology Volume 10, Issue 2 , March 2006, Pages 57-65
Pharmacogenetics studies how genetic variants influence individual drug responses. Although pharmacogenetics is currently the subject of intensive research in several disease domains, it remains relatively unexplored in the field of epilepsy. Drug treatment of epilepsy is characterized by unpredictability of efficacy, adverse drug reactions and optimal doses in individual patients. Moreover, a substantial fraction of patients develop drug refractory epilepsy despite optimal treatment.
05/16/2006
07:32 AM
Blood Pressure Management in Acute Stroke A Long-Standing Debate
European Neurology 2006;55:123-135
Although elevated blood pressure (BP) levels are a common complication of acute stroke, whether of ischaemic or haemorrhagic type, a long-standing debate exists regarding the management of post-stroke hypertension.
05/16/2006
07:30 AM
Neuropsychological Changes in Patients with Carotid Stenosis after Carotid Endarterectomy
European Neurology 2006;55:145-150
We investigated changes in neuropsychological function in patients with carotid stenosis following carotid endarterectomy (CEA) in relation to cerebral hemodynamics. The subjects were 24 patients who underwent CEA and 17 healthy controls matched by age, educational level, gender and handedness.
05/16/2006
07:29 AM
Cognitive effects of seizures
Seizure Volume 15, Issue 4 , June 2006, Pages 221-226
We aimed to review recent prospective and cross-sectional studies regarding the gradual and chronic effects of (cumulative) seizures on cognition. In contrast with the increasing evidence of structural changes in the brain associated with repeated seizures, its functional repercussions remain unclear. Methodological difficulties of cross-sectional and prospective studies are addressed. It appears that all but one of the prospective studies available on children are limited to measures of intelligence. Most studies revealed no significant adverse effects, although there appears to be a subgroup of about 10–25% of children that shows a clinically significant intellectual decline. Children with generalized symptomatic epilepsies, frequent seizures, high antiepileptic drug use, and early onset of epilepsy appear at risk, although psychosocial factors may also play an important role.
05/16/2006
07:28 AM
The Utility of Intraoperative Blood Flow Measurement During Aneurysm Surgery Using an Ultrasonic Perivascular Flow Probe
Neurosurgery. 58(4) Operative Neurosurgery Supplement 2:ONS-305-ONS-312, April 2006
Inadvertent vessel compromise is one major cause of unfavorable outcome from aneurysm surgery. Existing strategies for intraoperative assessment of this complication have potential limitations and disadvantages. We assessed the utility of quantitative intraoperative flow measurements using the Transonic ultrasonic flow probe (Transonic Systems, Inc., Ithaca, NY) during aneurysm surgery.
05/16/2006
07:26 AM
Subpectoral Implantation of the Vagus Nerve Stimulator
Neurosurgery. 58(4) Operative Neurosurgery Supplement 2:ONS-322-ONS-326, April 2006
To report the technique of subpectoral (SP) implantation of the vagus nerve stimulator (VNS) generator.
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