| 05/13/2006
09:37 AM
One piece Versus Two piece Orbitozygomatic Craniotomy Quantitative and Qualitative Considerations
Neurosurgery. 58(4) Operative Neurosurgery Supplement 2:ONS-229-ONS-237, April 2006
The orbitozygomatic (OZ) craniotomy minimizes brain retraction and improves cranial base exposure by providing a multidirectional view, increased operative angles and working space. The two main variations of the approach include the one-piece and the two-piece types. The microsurgical anatomy of the one- and two-piece OZ craniotomies are presented with the goal of comparing the extent of orbital roof removal between these two craniotomies and the effect of orbital roof removal on operative exposure.
05/13/2006
09:35 AM
Surgical Applications to Arteriovenous Malformations Involving the Brainstem
Neurosurgery. 58(4) Operative Neurosurgery Supplement 2:ONS-270-ONS-279, April 2006
To evaluate possible applications of microsurgical extirpation to arteriovenous malformations (AVMs) involving the brainstem.
05/13/2006
09:34 AM
The Effect of Apolipoprotein Polymorphism on Brain in Mild Cognitive Impairment A Voxel-Based Morphometric Study
Dementia and Geriatric Cognitive Disorders 2006;22:60-66
We investigated the effect of apolipoprotein E (ApoE) on the whole brain in 51 individuals with mild cognitive impairment using voxel-based morphometry. Between cases heterozygous for the ApoE ?4 (n = 15) and those who were ApoE ?4 noncarriers (n = 28), only the right parahippocampal gyrus, with the entorhinal cortex included, reached the level of statistical significance. In cases homozygous for the ?4 allele (n = 8) versus noncarriers, the greatest atrophy was located in the right amygdala followed by the right parahippocampal gyrus, the left amygdala and the left medial dorsal thalamic nucleus.
05/13/2006
09:32 AM
Orienting Attention to Points in Time Improves Stimulus Processing Both within and across Modalities
Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience. 2006;18:715-729
Spatial attention affects the processing of stimuli of both a task-relevant and a task-irrelevant modality. The present study investigated if similar cross-modal effects exist when attention is oriented to a point in time. Short (600 msec) and long (1200 msec) empty intervals, marked by a tactile onset and an auditory or a tactile offset marker, were presented.
05/13/2006
09:30 AM
Context Modulates Early Stimulus Processing when Resolving Stimulus-response Conflict
Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience. 2006;18:781-792
When responding to stimuli in our environment, the presence of multiple items associated with task-relevant responses affects both ongoing response selection and subsequent behavior. Computational modeling of conflict monitoring and neuroimaging data predict that the recent context of response competition will bias the selection of certain stimuli over others very early in the processing stream through increased focal spatial attention.
05/13/2006
09:27 AM
Intra Extra aneurysmal Stent Placement for Management of Complex and Wide necked bifurcation Aneurysms Eight Cases using the Waffle Cone Technique
Neurosurgery. 58(4) Operative Neurosurgery Supplement 2:ONS-258-ONS-262, April 2006
To describe a novel application of the Neuroform stent (Boston Scientific-Target, Fremont, CA) for the management of eight wide-necked aneurysms.
05/12/2006
10:05 AM
Comparison of the Orpington Prognostic Scale OPS and the National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale NIHSS for the prediction of the functional status of patients with stroke
Disability & Rehabilitation Volume 28, Number 10 / May 2006 609 - 612
The aim of our study is to compare the Orpington Prognostic Scale (OPS) and the National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS) and to evaluate whether they help us estimate the future functional status of patients with stroke.
05/12/2006
10:04 AM
Modelling 5 year functional outcome in a major traumatic injury survivor cohort
Disability & Rehabilitation Volume 28, Number 10 / May 2006 629 - 636
To estimate associations between possible predictors of functional disability outcome at 5 years in a working adult population cohort of survivors of major traumatic injury and to develop a prognostic model of outcome.
05/12/2006
10:02 AM
Malnutrition, eating difficulties and feeding dependence in a stroke rehabilitation centre
Disability & Rehabilitation Volume 28, Number 10 / May 2006 637 - 643
To analyse prevalence of malnutrition, eating difficulties and feeding dependence in stroke rehabilitation patients because little is known about these prevalence's. Stroke patients have an increased risk for developing eating difficulties, feeding dependence and malnutrition because of their neurological deficits.
05/12/2006
10:00 AM
A preliminary economic evaluation of percutaneous neuromuscular electrical stimulation in the treatment of hemiplegic shoulder pain
Disability & Rehabilitation Volume 28, Number 10 / May 2006 645 - 651
The objective of this study was to compare the cost-effectiveness of various treatment modalities for hemiplegic shoulder pain.
05/12/2006
09:59 AM
Surgical Management of Posterior Fossa Arteriovenous Malformations
Neurosurgery. 58(4) Operative Neurosurgery Supplement 2:ONS-189-ONS-201, April 2006
Arteriovenous malformations (AVMs) involving the cerebellum and brainstem are relatively rare lesions that most often present clinically as a result of a hemorrhagic episode. Although these AVMs were once thought to have a more aggressive clinical course in comparison with supratentorial AVMs, recent autopsy data suggests that there may be little difference in hemorrhage rates between the two locations. Although current management of these lesions often involves preoperative embolization and stereotactic radiosurgery, surgical resection remains the treatment of choice, conferring immediate protection to the patient from the risk of future hemorrhage.
05/12/2006
09:58 AM
The Extended Retrosigmoid Approach An Alternative to Radical Cranial Base Approaches for Posterior Fossa Lesions
Neurosurgery. 58(4) Operative Neurosurgery Supplement 2:ONS-208-ONS-214, April 2006
The extended retrosigmoid approach is presented as a simple and safe modification of the traditional retrosigmoid approach, with increased exposure resulting from a limited mastoidectomy and skeletonization of the sigmoid sinus.
05/12/2006
09:44 AM
Giant Eccrine Adenocarcinoma of the Scalp with Intracranial Invasion Resection and Reconstruction Using a Vacuum assisted Closure Device: Technical Case Report
Neurosurgery. 58(4) Operative Neurosurgery Supplement 2:ONS-E371, April 2006
Carcinoma of the adnexal structures of the skin is a rare malignancy, and is even more unusual in the scalp. We report an unusual case of scalp adnexal carcinoma of eccrine origin that went untreated for years, resulting in a giant tumor with extension through the cranium. The tumor resection and reconstruction of the cranium and scalp defects posed unique challenges.
05/12/2006
09:43 AM
Oxcarbazepine versus phenytoin monotherapy for epilepsy
The Cochrane Library, Issue 2, 2006
Worldwide, phenytoin is a commonly used antiepileptic drug. Oxcarbazepine is one of the newer antiepileptic drugs and has similar chemical properties to its parent compound carbamazepine. For the new drugs such as oxcarbazepine, it is important to know how they compare with standard treatments.
05/12/2006
09:41 AM
Dipyridamole for preventing stroke and other vascular events in patients with vascular disease
The Cochrane Library, Issue 2, 2006
05/12/2006
09:39 AM
Perfusion and Diffusion Tensor Imaging in a Patient with Locked in Syndrome after Neurosurgical Vascular Bypass and Endovascular Embolization of a Basilar Artery Aneurysm Case Report
Neurosurgery. 58(4):E794, April 2006
Locked-in syndrome is a state of preserved consciousness in the setting of quadriplegia, anarthria, and usually also includes lateral gaze palsy. It is most commonly associated with upper brainstem infarction variably sparing the third cranial nerve nucleus. There are likely many etiologies that contribute to this clinical syndrome. These are incompletely understood, and the syndrome remains a rare but devastating complication that can occur after neurosurgical and neurovascular interventions. Advanced magnetic resonance imaging techniques such as perfusion and diffusion tensor imaging may help to elucidate the mechanism behind locked-in syndrome. To the authors' knowledge, there are no reports in the literature of perfusion and diffusion tensor findings in patients with this syndrome. A postprocedural case of locked-in syndrome is described with abnormalities on perfusion and diffusion tensor imaging in the absence of any changes in conventional magnetic resonance imaging.
05/12/2006
09:38 AM
Sex Difference in the Antiplatelet Effect of Aspirin in Patients with Stroke
The Annals of Pharmacotherapy: Vol. 40, No. 5, pp. 812-817
There is substantial interpatient variability in response to aspirin after an ischemic stroke or transient ischemic attack (TIA), as assessed by ex vivo effects of aspirin on platelet aggregation. The factors contributing to this variability are not well defined.
05/12/2006
09:37 AM
The portrayal of coma in contemporary motion pictures
NEUROLOGY 2006;66:1300-1303
Coma has been a theme of screenplays in motion pictures, but there is no information about its accuracy. The authors reviewed 30 movies from 1970 to 2004 with actors depicting prolonged coma. Accurate depiction of comatose patients was defined by appearance, the complexity of care, accurate cause of coma and probability of awakening, and appropriate compassionate discussion between the physician and family members. Twenty-two key scenes from 17 movies were rated for accuracy by a panel of neurointensivists and neuroscience nurses and then were shown to 72 nonmedical viewers. Accuracy of the scenes was assessed using a Likert Scale.
05/11/2006
08:10 AM
Sensitivity of the Halstead and Wechsler Test Batteries to Brain Damage Evidence from Reitans Original Validation Sample
The Clinical Neuropsychologist Volume 20, Number 2 / June 2006 221 - 229
The Halstead-Reitan Battery has been instrumental in the development of neuropsychological practice in the United States. Although Reitan administered both the Wechsler-Bellevue Intelligence Scale and Halstead's test battery when evaluating Halstead's theory of biologic intelligence, the relative sensitivity of each test battery to brain damage continues to be an area of controversy. Because Reitan did not perform direct parametric analysis to contrast group performances, we reanalyze Reitan's original validation data from both Halstead (Reitan, 1955) and Wechsler batteries (Reitan, 1959a) and calculate effect sizes and probability levels using traditional parametric approaches.
05/11/2006
08:06 AM
Investigation of Biases in the General Public in Evaluating Mild Head Injury Using Neuropsychological and CT Scan Results Forensic Implications
The Clinical Neuropsychologist Volume 20, Number 2 / June 2006 305 - 314
The purpose of this study was to determine how the general public considers neuropsychological (NP) vs. CT scan data in assessing the effects of a possible mild traumatic brain injury (MTBI). Ten scenarios depicting an MTBI from a motor vehicle accident were presented to community volunteer participants. Case scenarios differed with regard to diagnostic information presented (i.e., all combinations of normal, abnormal, or absent NP and CT results were provided).
05/11/2006
08:04 AM
The Time of Prenatal Immune Challenge Determines the Specificity of Inflammation-Mediated Brain and Behavioral Pathology
The Journal of Neuroscience, May 3, 2006, 26(18):4752-4762
Disturbance to early brain development is implicated in several neuropsychiatric disorders including autism, schizophrenia, and mental retardation. Epidemiological studies have indicated that the risk of developing these disorders is enhanced by prenatal maternal infection, presumably as a result of neurodevelopmental defects triggered by cytokine-related inflammatory events.
05/11/2006
08:03 AM
Current controversies in neuroanaesthesia, head injury management and neuro critical care
Continuing Education in Anaesthesia, Critical Care & Pain 2006 6(2):79-82
Despite advances in our understanding of neurosciences, the practice of neuroanaesthesia tends to be based on tradition, and controversies exist regarding the best practice. This article aims to explain some of the more common controversies and, where feasible, reach a consensus, based on recent advances.
05/11/2006
08:01 AM
Over Complete Discrete Wavelet Transformation of the Normal Auditory Brainstem Response Improves Prediction of Outcome following Severe Acute Closed Head Injury
Audiology and Neurotology 2006;11:249-258
Previous research has shown that complex statistical analysis (discriminant function analysis) of a 'normal' auditory brainstem response (ABR) result can improve this measure's ability to predict subject outcome following severe acute closed head injury (ACHI).
05/11/2006
08:00 AM
Surgical Management of Distal Coil Migration and Arterial Perforation after Attempted Coil Embolization of a Ruptured Ophthalmic Artery Aneurysm: Technical Case Report
Neurosurgery. 58(4) Operative Neurosurgery Supplement 2:ONS-E379, April 2006
Distal coil migration is a rare but hazardous complication of aneurysm coil embolization. Various microsnare devices have been developed to address this problem. We describe the surgical management of a case in which microsnare retrieval failed.
05/11/2006
07:59 AM
Thrombolysis for Acute Ischemic Stroke
Geriatrics & Aging Volume 9, Number 5, May 2006, Pages 354-357
The very old represent the fastest-growing segment of the population in developed and developing countries and, in view of the increased incidence of stroke with advancing age, stroke-related disability is expected to increase in the population. Although patients more than 80 years of age account for 30% of the patients with strokes, the role of intravenous thrombolysis in this age group is insufficiently defined. There are no randomized trials that focus specifically on older patients with acute ischemic stroke. Recently, several case series on the use of intravenous tissue plasminogen activator (tPA) in older adults in clinical practice have shown that the outcome of older patients after stroke is poor, but the risk of symptomatic intracerebral hemorrhage (SICH) after tPA has been variable, ranging from 4.4-13%. Current evidence suggests that, by careful selection, tPA may be safely given to older adults without increased risk of SICH within the three-hour time window. Further randomized data from trials will allow more definitive conclusions on the use of tPA in the older population.
05/09/2006
07:52 AM
The portrayal of coma in contemporary motion pictures
NEUROLOGY 2006;66:1300-1303
Coma has been a theme of screenplays in motion pictures, but there is no information about its accuracy. The authors reviewed 30 movies from 1970 to 2004 with actors depicting prolonged coma. Accurate depiction of comatose patients was defined by appearance, the complexity of care, accurate cause of coma and probability of awakening, and appropriate compassionate discussion between the physician and family members. Twenty-two key scenes from 17 movies were rated for accuracy by a panel of neurointensivists and neuroscience nurses and then were shown to 72 nonmedical viewers. Accuracy of the scenes was assessed using a Likert Scale.
05/09/2006
07:51 AM
Diffusion MRI abnormalities after prolonged febrile seizures with encephalopathy
NEUROLOGY 2006;66:1304-1309
Patients with encephalopathy heralded by a prolonged seizure as the initial symptom often have abnormal subcortical white matter on diffusion-weighted MRI (DWI).
05/09/2006
07:50 AM
A meta analysis of individual patient responses to lamotrigine or carbamazepine monotherapy
NEUROLOGY 2006;66:1310-1317
To compare the effects of carbamazepine and lamotrigine monotherapy for people with partial onset seizures or generalized onset tonic-clonic seizures.
05/09/2006
07:49 AM
Use of antiepileptic drugs and risk of fractures Case control study among patients with epilepsy
NEUROLOGY 2006;66:1318-1324
To study the association between use of antiepileptic drugs (AEDs) and risk of fractures.
05/09/2006
07:48 AM
Neuroanatomic correlates of stroke related myocardial injury
NEUROLOGY 2006;66:1325-1329
Myocardial injury can occur after ischemic stroke in the absence of primary cardiac causes. The neuroanatomic basis of stroke-related myocardial injury is not well understood. To identify regions of brain infarction associated with myocardial injury using a method free of the bias of an a priori hypothesis as to any specific location.
05/09/2006
07:48 AM
Elevated troponin levels are associated with higher mortality following intracerebral hemorrhage
NEUROLOGY 2006;66:1330-1334
Elevated troponin levels are an independent indicator of poor outcome in ischemic stroke. The authors performed a retrospective study to ascertain whether elevated cardiac troponin I (cTnI) influences outcome from intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH).
05/09/2006
07:47 AM
A population based study of the incidence and prognosis of lacunar stroke
NEUROLOGY 2006;66:1335-1338
To evaluate incidence and prognosis of lacunar stroke in a prospective, population-based patient registry. The authors included first-ever strokes occurring between 1994 and 1998. They assessed incidence, risk factors, mortality, and recurrence in patients with lacunar stroke.
05/09/2006
07:46 AM
Retinal vessel diameters and risk of stroke The Rotterdam Study
NEUROLOGY 2006;66:1339-1343
Retinal vessels may provide information on cerebral vascular pathology, because they share many features with cerebral vessels. A smaller ratio of the retinal arteriolar-to-venular diameters reportedly predicts the risk of stroke. It is unclear if this is due to arteriolar narrowing or venular dilation.
05/09/2006
07:44 AM
Predictors of hemorrhage in patients with untreated brain arteriovenous malformation
NEUROLOGY 2006;66:1350-1355
Intracranial hemorrhage is a serious possible complication in patients with brain arteriovenous malformation (AVM). Several morphologic factors associated with hemorrhagic AVM presentation have been established, but their relevance for the risk of subsequent AVM hemorrhage remains unclear.
05/09/2006
07:43 AM
Lunar phases and seizure occurrence Just an ancient legend
NEUROLOGY 2006;66:1442-1443
The authors retrospectively reviewed all neurologic records of an emergency unit from 1999 to 2003 to identify a potential association between lunar phases and seizure occurrence. Overall 859 patients admitted for seizure occurrence were divided into the four quarters of the synodic month according to moon phases. A significant clustering of seizures around the full moon period was observed, supporting the ancient belief of periodic increased seizure frequency during full-moon days.
05/09/2006
07:41 AM
Perception of motor strength and stimulus magnitude are correlated in stroke patients
NEUROLOGY 2006;66:1444-1456
The authors examined whether perception of contralateral limb strength is altered and whether perception of strength correlates with perception of stimulus intensity (magnitude) in a prospective sample of patients with unilateral right (RHL: n = 13) and left (LHL: n = 6) hemisphere lesions due to stroke. Patients with RHL tended to overestimate strength and patients with LHL tended to underestimate strength; both patterns were highly correlated with altered perception of stimulus magnitude.
05/09/2006
07:40 AM
Reasons Why Few Patients With Acute Stroke Receive Tissue Plasminogen Activator
Arch Neurol. 2006;63:661-664
Despite the US Food and Drug Administration's approval in 1996, tissue plasminogen activator (tPA) therapy for acute ischemic stroke remains substantially underused. We reviewed 3 potential reasons for low rates of tPA use: poor patient education, physicians' perceived risk of legal liability from negative patient outcomes, and insufficient reimbursement. The recent addition of diagnosis-related grouping code 559 will provide higher payment for stroke patients treated with tPA, creating a natural experiment to examine our third reason.
05/09/2006
07:39 AM
Distinguishing Sleep Disorders From Seizures Diagnosing Bumps in the Night
Arch Neurol. 2006;63:705-709
Abnormal paroxysmal events in sleep may be parasomnias or epileptic seizures. In nocturnal frontal lobe epilepsy (NFLE), the unusual seizure features often lead to diagnostic confusion with nonepileptic parasomnias; video-electroencephalography monitoring is usually required to make the diagnosis.
05/09/2006
07:38 AM
Venturi Mask Adjuvant Oxygen Therapy in Severe Acute Ischemic Stroke
Arch Neurol. 2006;63:741-744
The effect of oxygen therapy in acute ischemic stroke remains undetermined. Patients experiencing a first-ever large middle cerebral artery infarction were recruited within 48 hours after stroke. Patients were subdivided to undergo therapy with a VM with a fraction of inspired oxygen of 40% or with a nasal cannula. A large middle cerebral artery infarction was defined as a large low-attenuation area of more than one third of the middle cerebral artery territory on brain images. Stroke severity was evaluated by the National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale.
05/09/2006
07:37 AM
Nontuberculous Mycobacterial Infection of a Metastatic Brain Neoplasm in an Immunocompromised Patient
Arch Neurol. 2006;63:763-765
Nontuberculous mycobacterial infections occur in immunocompromised patients but so rarely involve the central nervous system (CNS) that they may not be included in a differential diagnosis of CNS lesions in such patients.
05/09/2006
07:36 AM
Superior Divisional Third Cranial Nerve Paresis
Arch Neurol. 2006;63:771-776
Within the midbrain, the third nerve nucleus is composed of a complex of subnuclei. The fascicular portion of the nerve courses through the red nucleus and exists in the midbrain just medial to the cerebral peduncle. The cisternal portion of the nerve is a single structure that divides into a superior branch and an inferior branch in the region of the cavernous sinus and superior orbital fissure.
05/09/2006
07:34 AM
Association of APOE e4 and cerebrovascular pathology in traumatic brain injury
Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery, and Psychiatry 2006;77:363-366
Previous studies have found the e4 allele of the apolipoprotein E gene (APOE e4) is associated with an unfavourable outcome after head injury, but this has not been related to specific pathological features. This study tested the postulate that head injured patients with APOE e4, amounting to approximately a third of the population, are selectively predisposed to one or more of the different pathological features that constitute the response to traumatic brain injury (TBI), and that this underlies the association of APOE e4 with poor clinical outcome.
05/09/2006
07:32 AM
Risk of multiple sclerosis after head injury record linkage study
Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery, and Psychiatry 2006;77:351-353
The possibility that head injury may influence the development of multiple sclerosis (MS) has been studied inconclusively in the past. To determine whether head injury is associated with an increased risk of MS.
05/09/2006
07:30 AM
Cognitive functioning in patients with suspected chronic toxic encephalopathy evidence for neuropsychological disturbances after controlling for insufficient effort
Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery, and Psychiatry 2006;77:296-303
Chronic toxic encephalopathy (CTE) caused by long term occupational exposure to organic solvents is still a controversial disorder. Neuropsychological testing is the cornerstone for diagnosing the syndrome, but can be negatively influenced by motivational problems. In this nationwide study, we investigated the neuropsychological functioning and psychological symptoms of a large group of patients with suspected CTE, and ruled out alternative explanations for their complaints, including suboptimal performance due to insufficient effort.
05/09/2006
07:28 AM
Significant variation in mortality and functional outcome after acute ischaemic stroke between western countries data from the tinzaparin in acute ischaemic stroke trial TAIST
Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery, and Psychiatry 2006;77:327-333
The medical care of patients with acute stroke varies considerably between countries. This could lead to measurable differences in mortality and functional outcome. To compare case mix, clinical management, and functional outcome in stroke between 11 countries.
05/09/2006
07:27 AM
Presentation of intracerebral haemorrhage in a community
Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery, and Psychiatry 2006;77:340-344
Studies on intracerebral haemorrhage (ICH) from tertiary care centres may not be an accurate representation of the true spectrum of disease presentation. To describe the clinical and imaging presentation of ICH in a community devoid of the referral bias of an academic medical centre; and to investigate factors associated with lower Glasgow coma scale (GCS) score at presentation, as GCS is crucial to early clinical decision making.
05/09/2006
07:27 AM
Location characteristics of early perihaematomal oedema
Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery, and Psychiatry 2006;77:378-380
The natural history and triggers of perihaematomal oedema (PHO) remain poorly understood. Cerebral amyloid angiopathy (a common cause of lobar haemorrhage) has localised anticoagulant and thrombolytic properties, which may influence PHO. We hypothesised that early (within 24 hours) oedema to haematoma volume ratios are smaller in patients with lobar intracerebral haemorrhage (ICH) than in patients with deep ICH.
05/09/2006
07:26 AM
Stroke prevention in patients with atrial fibrillation The diagnosis and management of hypertension by specialists
Canadian Journal of Cardiology May 1, 2006, Volume 22, Number 6:485-488
Hypertension is common in patients with atrial fibrillation (AF) and is an important cause of stroke. To determine how effectively hypertension is managed among specialist-treated outpatients with AF.
05/09/2006
07:24 AM
Around the clock surveillance simple graphic disturbance in patients with hemispatial neglect carries implications for the clock drawing task
Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery, and Psychiatry 2006;77:407-409
Drawing, and the clock drawing task in particular, is widely used as a diagnostic tool in the study of hemispatial neglect. It is generally assumed that the errors in graphic production, such as the misplacement of numbers, reflect a visuospatial deficit, and that drawing production itself (for example, producing the circle) is unimpaired.
05/09/2006
07:23 AM
Thrombolysis for acute stroke with special emphasis on the very old experience from a single Dutch centre
Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery, and Psychiatry 2006;77:375-377
The aim of this study was to describe the clinical experience in 184 consecutive stroke patients first-ever treated with recombinant tissue plasminogen activator (rt-PA) at a single Dutch centre, with special emphasis on results among the very old. Outcome parameters were the modified Rankin scale (mRs) at 3 months and symptomatic intracranial haemorrhage (SICH).
05/09/2006
07:22 AM
Community walking activity in neurological disorders with leg weakness
Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery, and Psychiatry 2006;77:359-362
The aims of this study were to determine walking mobility in the community in individuals with lower limb weakness and to establish the extent to which some clinic based measures predict such activity.
05/09/2006
07:16 AM
Otogenic cerebellar abscess An unusual occurrence
ENT Journal
Acquired middle ear cholesteatoma is a well-known sequela of chronic otitis media. Histologically, cholesteatomas are squamous epithelium-lined sacs that contain exfoliated keratin debris.
05/06/2006
10:58 AM
Perfusion CT helps decision making for thrombolysis when there is no clear time of onset
Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery, and Psychiatry 2006;77:417-419
Current guidelines on thrombolysis post stroke with recombinant tissue plasminogen activator (rt-PA) exclude its use where time of onset is unknown, thus denying some patients potentially beneficial treatment. Contrast enhanced perfusion computed tomography (pCT) imaging can be used together with plain CT and information on clinical deficits to decide whether or not thrombolysis should be initiated even though the exact time of stroke onset is unknown. Based on the results of pCT and CT, rt-PA was administered to two patients with unknown time of stroke onset; one of the patients also underwent suction thrombectomy. Results in both cases were excellent.
05/06/2006
11:00 AM
Clinical study of 39 patients with atypical lacunar syndrome
Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery, and Psychiatry 2006;77:381-384
The aim of this study was to describe the clinical characteristics of atypical lacunar syndrome (ALS) based on data collected from a prospective acute stroke registry. In total, 2500 acute stroke patients were included in a hospital based prospective stroke registry over a 12 year period, of whom 39 were identified as having ALS and radiologically proven (by computed tomography or magnetic resonance imaging) lacunes.
05/06/2006
11:04 AM
Virtual Reality Augmentation in Skull Base Surgery
Skull Base 2006; 16: 059-066
Skull base anatomy is complex and subject to individual variation. Understanding the complexity of surgical anatomy is faster and easier with virtual models created from primary imaging data of the patient. This study was designed to investigate the usefulness of virtual reality in image guidance for skull base procedures.
05/06/2006
11:02 AM
Increased Neurofibrillary Tangles in the Brains of Older Pedestrians Killed in Traffic Accidents
Dementia and Geriatric Cognitive Disorders 2006;22:20-26
Older people are over-represented in pedestrian fatalities, and it has been suggested that the presence of cognitive impairment or dementia in these individuals may contribute to their accidents. Using neuropathological methods, we aimed to compare the prevalence of dementia pathology in fatally injured older pedestrians with similarly aged ambulatory subjects who died from other causes.
05/06/2006
11:01 AM
Alzheimer type neuropathology in a 28 year old patient with iatrogenic Creutzfeldt Jakob disease after dural grafting
Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery, and Psychiatry 2006;77:413-416
We report the case of a 28 year old man who had received a cadaverous dura mater graft after a traumatic open skull fracture with tearing of the dura at the age of 5 years. A clinical suspicion of Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease (CJD) was confirmed by a brain biopsy 5 months prior to death and by autopsy, thus warranting the diagnosis of iatrogenic CJD (iCJD) according to WHO criteria. Immunohistochemistry showed widespread cortical depositions of disease associated prion protein (PrPsc) in a synaptic pattern, and western blot analysis identified PrPsc of type 2A according to Parchi et al. Surprisingly, we found Alzheimer-type senile plaques and cerebral amyloid angiopathy in widespread areas of the brain.
05/06/2006
10:59 AM
Feasibility and cost efficiency of a diagnostic guideline for chronic polyneuropathy a prospective implementation study
Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery, and Psychiatry 2006;77:397-401
Extensive investigations are often performed to reveal the cause of chronic polyneuropathy. It is not known whether a restrictive diagnostic guideline improves cost efficiency without loss of diagnostic reliability.
05/05/2006
01:48 PM
Outcome After Traumatic Brain Injury Sustained in Older Adulthood A One-Year Longitudinal Study
Am J Geriatr Psychiatry 14:456-465, May 2006
The objective of this study was to explore the effects of traumatic brain injury (TBI) on cognition and functioning in older adults in a one-year longitudinal study.
05/05/2006
01:49 PM
Recognition of acute illness in people with chronic neurological disability
Postgraduate Medical Journal 2006;82:267-269
Coincidental acute illness is common in patients with chronic progressive or stable neurological disability. Although the presentation of acute illness in these patients is often similar to that in people without pre-existing disability, sometimes it may be atypical. In addition, an adequate medical history is often difficult to obtain in patients with advanced neurological disease, for example because of the presence of aphasia, severe dysarthria, or cognitive impairment. In these circumstances early and accurate diagnosis of acute medical and surgical emergencies requires both clinical acumen and a high index of suspicion. The aim of this article is to describe the main atypical manifestations of acute illness in patients with chronic disabling neurological disorders.
05/05/2006
01:46 PM
Acute Traumatic Intraparenchymal Hemorrhage Risk Factors for Progression in the Early Post-injury Period
Neurosurgery. 58(4):647-656, April 2006
To characterize the natural course of traumatic intraparenchymal contusions and hematomas (IPHs) and to identify risk factors for IPH progression in the acute post-injury period.
05/05/2006
01:45 PM
Diffusion weighted magnetic resonance imaging for acute stroke practical and popular
To evaluate the feasibility and impact of diffusion weighted magnetic resonance imaging (DW MRI) as the first line neuroimaging of stroke at a district general hospital.
05/05/2006
01:43 PM
Very Early Onset of Wernickes Encephalopathy after Gastric Bypass
Obesity Surgery, Volume 16, Number 5, May 2006, pp. 671-672(2)
Postoperative complications resulting from bariatric surgery can lead to severe vitamin-deficiency states, such as Wernicke's encephalopathy (WE). We present a 29-yearold woman with BMI 41.7 with no history of alcoholism who developed acute WE after a gastric bypass for morbid obesity. After persistent vomiting for 2 weeks postoperatively, symptoms began with headache, vertigo, diplopia, nystagmus, tingling and weakness in both upper and lower extremities, urinary incontinence, and memory loss to recent events.
05/05/2006
01:42 PM
Visual evaluation of perfusion computed tomography in acute stroke accurately estimates infarct volume and tissue viability
Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery, and Psychiatry 2006;77:334-339
To establish the validity of visual interpretation of immediately processed perfusion computed tomography (CT) maps in acute stroke for prediction of final infarction.
05/05/2006
01:42 PM
Bacterial brain abscesses An evaluation of 96 cases
Journal of Infection Volume 52, Issue 5 , May 2006, Pages 359-366
Although the decline of the morbidity and mortality in recent years, brain abscess is still one of the most important problems in Neurosurgery.
05/04/2006
07:58 AM
Using Treatment Theories to Refine the Designs of Brain Injury Rehabilitation Treatment Effectiveness Studies
Journal of Head Trauma Rehabilitation. Characterizing Treatments in TBI Rehabilitation: Issues for Research and Practice. 21(2):99-106, March/April 2006
Many rehabilitation treatments are difficult to define, resulting in a lack of clarity about their essential "active ingredients." Treatment theories can narrow the scope of possible active ingredients, by clearly specifying how the treatment is believed to act. Efficacy studies of theory-defined treatments assess their clinical value, but also advance the science underlying the theory. In addition, treatment theories shape inclusion and exclusion criteria by suggesting what types of patients may benefit, and shape outcome measures by suggesting where the treatment impact should be seen. Finally, treatment theories can assist an investigator in the selection of an optimal study design.
05/04/2006
07:57 AM
Functional Reintegration of Prefrontal Neural Networks for Enhancing Recovery After Brain Injury
Journal of Head Trauma Rehabilitation. Characterizing Treatments in TBI Rehabilitation: Issues for Research and Practice. 21(2):107-118, March/April 2006
Functions of the prefrontal cortex (PFC) are fundamental to learning and rehabilitation after brain injuries, but the PFC is particularly vulnerable to trauma. We propose approaches to cognitive training that are hypothesized to specifically enhance PFC function. We present a theoretical framework that generates hypotheses regarding the effects of training on the functional integration of processes across distributed networks of brain regions. Specific outcome measurements that may be used to test these hypotheses in clinical trials are proposed. This neural network-level approach may guide cognitive rehabilitation and facilitate development of adjunctive biologic treatments to enhance the effects of training.
05/04/2006
07:55 AM
Use of serum prolactin in diagnosing epileptic seizures Report of the Therapeutics and Technology Assessment Subcommittee of the American Academy of Neurology
Neurology.2006; 66: 1287-1288
(No abstract is available)
05/04/2006
07:54 AM
Constraint based Therapies as a Proposed Model for Cognitive Rehabilitation
Journal of Head Trauma Rehabilitation. Characterizing Treatments in TBI Rehabilitation: Issues for Research and Practice. 21(2):119-130, March/April 2006
This article proposes that constraint-induced therapy represents a theoretical model of rehabilitation emerging from basic research with implications for cognitive remediation attempts. It provides an overview of current work on constraint-induced therapies with a focus on the most widely used of these techniques, constraint-induced movement therapy (CIMT). An example from recent research in the cognitive sciences demonstrates how underlying principles of the CIMT could be used to guide rehabilitative efforts for cognitive dysfunction. Limitations and obstacles of applying such an approach are discussed.
05/04/2006
07:53 AM
Implications of Basic Science Research for Brain Injury Rehabilitation A Focus on Intact Learning Mechanisms
Journal of Head Trauma Rehabilitation. Characterizing Treatments in TBI Rehabilitation: Issues for Research and Practice. 21(2):131-141, March/April 2006
Within a theoretical framework for rehabilitation that distinguishes between automatic and controlled processes, this article reviews basic science research and addresses the following issues: What cognitive abilities remain relatively intact after severe traumatic brain injury, and how can we incorporate intact skills into rehabilitative techniques? The reviewed research indicates that individuals with severe traumatic brain injury (a) generally perform similar to controls on cognitive tasks (or task components) that require automatic and implicit processes as opposed to consciously controlled processes; (b) can learn through implicit learning mechanisms; and (c) can acquire and use automatic processes in complex, cognitive task performance.
05/04/2006
07:53 AM
Self regulation and Goal Theories in Brain Injury Rehabilitation
Journal of Head Trauma Rehabilitation. Characterizing Treatments in TBI Rehabilitation: Issues for Research and Practice. 21(2):142-155, March/April 2006
Goal planning is a central concept in the clinical practice of rehabilitation. Several disciplines within psychology and medicine have elaborated theories related to goal attainment and self-regulation, the process of managing one's own goal-directed behavior. These theories may be highly relevant to brain injury rehabilitation both to help address characteristic deficits in executive function and to teach clients how to manage life tasks outside of formal rehabilitation. In this article, we describe testable, theoretically motivated interventions at 2 levels: the goal level focused on attaining or enhancing performance on individual tasks and the self-regulation level of metacognitive processes involved in planning and managing one's own goal-directed behavior. We also discuss issues in experimental methodology that are important to adapting this area of research to brain injury rehabilitation, including consideration of cognitive status and other individual differences in selecting the participant sample, choice of between-subjects versus within-subjects experimental design, and selection of appropriate outcome measures.
05/04/2006
07:52 AM
Treatment of Post TBI Executive Dysfunction: Application of Theory to Clinical Practice
Journal of Head Trauma Rehabilitation. Characterizing Treatments in TBI Rehabilitation: Issues for Research and Practice. 21(2):156-167, March/April 2006
The authors propose a theory-based model for the treatment of post-traumatic brain injury executive dysfunction that integrates (1) theories of cerebral function and organization, (2) cognitive-behavioral theory of problem solving, and (3) learning theory. The model delineates appropriate targets of and methods for the treatment of executive dysfunction. A practical application of the theoretical model is described in the form of a comprehensive day treatment program, Executive Plus. A test of the model is also discussed, focused on the comparison of Executive Plus and a standard day treatment program along parameters dictated by the model.
05/04/2006
07:51 AM
Two Approaches to Behavior Disorder After Traumatic Brain Injury
Journal of Head Trauma Rehabilitation. Characterizing Treatments in TBI Rehabilitation: Issues for Research and Practice. 21(2):168-178, March/April 2006
A 3-stage model of intervention is used to contrast the philosophy and treatment practices of 2 behavioral approaches to behavior disorder following traumatic brain injury. The first referred to here as the Operant Neurobehavioral Approach developed from neuropsychology and learning theory. The second referred to as the Relational Neurobehavioral Approach builds on the nonaversive behavioral techniques of the Operant Neurobehavioral Approach. It also incorporates principles of motivational interviewing, places more overt emphasis on the therapeutic relationship, and targets staff attributions for aggression in staff training. The strengths and weaknesses of both approaches are discussed. It is suggested that the Relational Neurobehavioral Approach is more likely to engage and/or reengage clients with traumatic brain injury who are resistant to behavior change. Research implications are discussed including the need to measure the fidelity of all intervention variables.
05/04/2006
07:50 AM
Practical and Theoretical Considerations in Designing Rehabilitation Trials The DVBIC Cognitive-Didactic versus Functional Experiential Treatment Study Experience
Journal of Head Trauma Rehabilitation. Characterizing Treatments in TBI Rehabilitation: Issues for Research and Practice. 21(2):179-193, March/April 2006
This is a descriptive article outlining issues in the development and implementation of a multisite randomized rehabilitation trial for brain injury treatment. The goal of this article is to present practical and theoretical considerations in designing and conducting multicenter rehabilitation trials. Practical issues discussed include (a) treatment setting, (b) patient accessibility in determining the research question of interest, as well as inclusion and exclusion criteria, (c) research protocol development in the context of rehabilitation standard of care, and (d) protocol treatments in the context of realistic cost-benefits analysis. Rehabilitation theory is discussed as playing an important role designing the specifics of the protocol interventions. The Defense and Veterans Brain Injury Center Veterans Health Administration cognitive-didactic versus functional-experiential study methodology is used for illustrative purposes. This study evaluated 2 alternative approaches to treatment: one focusing on underlying cognitive processes and the second on errorless learning in everyday functional situations. Lessons learned over the course of completing the treatment trial are discussed.
05/04/2006
07:47 AM
Cognitive Rehabilitation The Role of Theoretical Rationales and Respect for the Maturational Process Needed for Our Evidence
Journal of Head Trauma Rehabilitation. Characterizing Treatments in TBI Rehabilitation: Issues for Research and Practice. 21(2):194-197, March/April 2006
The challenge to presenters at the Galveston Brain Injury Conference held in April 2005 was to discuss examples of the use of theory to motivate the design of treatments for cognitive deficits resulting from traumatic brain injury. This article considers the role of theoretical rationales as well as the new optimism embracing neurorehabilitation today. However, caution to respect the maturational process needed to adequately prepare treatment evidence for clinical application is affected.
05/04/2006
07:46 AM
The predictive factors for length of stay for stroke patients in Taiwan using the path model
International Journal of Rehabilitation Research. 29(2):137-143, June 2006
The aim of this study was to examine the predictive factors, and their relative strengths, for predicting length of rehabilitation stay using the path model. One hundred and seventeen stroke patients were recruited from two rehabilitation units in university-affiliated hospitals in northern Taiwan. The Taiwanese Rehabilitation Database System was used to collect the patient's relevant information. Path analysis was used to explore the relative strengths of each predictive factor.
05/04/2006
07:45 AM
Stroke rehabilitation outcome the Turkish experience
International Journal of Rehabilitation Research. 29(2):105-111, June 2006
The objectives of this study were to examine the demographic and clinical characteristics of stroke patients admitted for inpatient rehabilitation, to study the occurrence of medical problems/complications, and to document functional outcome and possible factors influencing outcome.
05/04/2006
07:44 AM
We couldnt function without volunteers volunteering with a disability the perspective of not for profit agencies
International Journal of Rehabilitation Research. 29(2):131-136, June 2006
Volunteers play an important role in many organisations that deliver services for the public good. Many people within the community choose to volunteer and there is a rich literature on the reasons why people do so, as well as the benefits that accrue to individuals, organisations and the community. However, there are few reports of people with long-standing disability becoming volunteers. The aim of this study was to explore the views of volunteer coordinators in not-for-profit organisations concerning people with long-standing disability as volunteers. Seven coordinators participated in two focus groups. The participants identified opportunities for people with a disability to contribute as volunteers, but were also quick to point out significant barriers. The findings from this exploratory study suggest that if people with long-standing disability are to volunteer, consideration must be given to their individual requirements and overcoming negative community attitudes.
05/04/2006
07:41 AM
Music a strategy to promote health in rehabilitation An evaluation of participation in a music and health promotion project
International Journal of Rehabilitation Research. 29(2):171-173, June 2006
This study illuminates the role and significance of music listening in everyday life for the long-term ill. Twenty-two participants, aged 34-65 from Oslo and Akershus in Norway, were recruited as a strategic sample and took part in eight in-depth interviews over a 1-year period, from 2004 to 2005. Four double CD compilations from different genres, part of the project, were used as devices to discover whether participants could learn to use music as a 'technology' for self-help, with regard to health, healing and recovery, through exposure to and exchange of new musical materials and practices. A novel Participatory CD design was developed, and the beneficial experiences of taking part in the project resulted in an increase in self-awareness and self-consciousness. Listening to and discussing music was considered to be an important tool in the process of change, sense of agency and self-development, through enhancing well-being and 'wellness', a vital factor in the process of recovery and sustaining quality of life, despite of illness.
05/04/2006
07:40 AM
Epilepsy Surgery in Young Children With Tuberous Sclerosis Results of a Novel Approach
PEDIATRICS Vol. 117 No. 5 May 2006, pp. 1494-1502
Tuberous sclerosis complex (TSC) is associated with medically refractory epilepsy and developmental delay in children and usually results from cortical tubers. Seizures that begin in young patients are often refractory and may contribute to development delay. Functional outcome is improved when seizures are controlled at an early age. Previous reports have shown modest benefit from surgical resection of single tubers/seizure foci in older children; however, many children with TSC develop uncontrolled seizures before age 1. To identify patients who might benefit from surgery and to maximize outcome, we used a novel surgical approach in young children that consists of invasive intracranial monitoring, which is typically 3-staged and often bilateral.
05/04/2006
07:39 AM
Conservative Management of Acoustic Neuroma
Skull Base 2006; 16: 095-100
To identify those patients with vestibular schwannoma (acoustic neuroma) in whom treatment becomes necessary. Method: Retrospective chart review.
05/04/2006
07:37 AM
Elevated plasma N terminal pro brain natriuretic peptide levels in acute ischemic stroke
American Heart Journal Volume 151, Issue 5 , May 2006, Pages 1115-1122
B-type natriuretic peptide (BNP) is a neurohormone secreted mainly in the cardiac ventricles in response to volume expansion and pressure overload. The aim of this study was to assess plasma N-terminal proBNP (NT-proBNP) changes in acute ischemic stroke (AIS).
05/04/2006
07:34 AM
Role of T Lymphocytes and Interferon in Ischemic Stroke
Circulation. 2006;113:2105-2112
Although lymphocyte recruitment and activation are associated with cerebral ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) injury, the contributions of specific lymphocyte subpopulations and lymphocyte-derived interferon-
(IFN-) to stroke remain unknown. The objectives of this study were to define the contribution of specific populations of lymphocytes to the inflammatory and prothrombogenic responses elicited in the cerebral microvasculature by I/R and to investigate the role of T-cell–associated
IFN- in the pathogenesis of ischemic stroke.
05/04/2006
07:33 AM
Brainstem dysfunction in alternating hemiplegia of childhood a neurophysiological study
Cephalalgia, Volume 26, Number 5, May 2006, pp. 511-519(9)
Six patients with alternating hemiplegia of childhood (AHC) underwent motor evoked potentials (MEPs), somatosensory evoked potentials (SEPs) and blink reflex recording.
05/02/2006
03:45 PM
Treating the acute stroke patient as an emergency current practices and future opportunities
International Journal of Clinical Practice, Volume 60, Number 4, April 2006, pp. 399-407(9)
Developments in acute stroke therapy have followed advances in the understanding of the evolving pathophysiology in both ischaemic stroke and intracerebral haemorrhage (ICH). In ischaemic stroke, rapid reperfusion of the ischaemic penumbra with thrombolysis within 3?h of symptom onset is of proven benefit, but few patients currently receive therapy, mainly due to the short-time window and lack of stroke expertise.
05/02/2006
03:44 PM
Does Unilateral Pedaling Activate a Rhythmic Locomotor Pattern in the Nonpedaling Leg in Post Stroke Hemiparesis
J Neurophysiol 95: 3154-3163, 2006
Recent investigation in persons with clinically complete spinal cord injury has revealed that locomotor activity in one limb can activate rhythmic locomotor activity in the opposite limb. Although our previous research has demonstrated profound influences of the nonparetic limb on paretic limb motor activity poststroke, the potency of interlimb pathways for increasing recruitment of the paretic limb motor pattern is unknown. This experiment tested whether there is an increased propensity for rhythmic motor activity in one limb (pedaling limb) to induce rhythmic motor activity in the opposite limb (test limb) in persons poststroke. Forty-nine subjects with chronic poststroke hemiparesis and twenty controls pedaled against a constant mechanical load with their pedaling leg while we recorded EMG and pedal forces from the test leg.
05/02/2006
03:43 PM
Piracetam for acute ischaemic stroke
The Cochrane Library, Issue 2, 2006
The objective of this review was to assess the effects of piracetam in acute presumed ischaemic stroke.
05/02/2006
08:04 AM
The effect of methylphenidate on the sleep wake cycle of brain injured patients undergoing rehabilitation
Sleep Medicine Volume 7, Issue 3 , April 2006, Pages 287-291
A number of neurostimulants are routinely used as part of post-acute care of hospitalized brain-injured patients.
05/02/2006
08:03 AM
Minor Head Trauma Induced Sporadic Hemiplegic Migraine Coma
Pediatric Neurology Volume 34, Issue 4 , April 2006, Pages 329-332
Familial hemiplegic migraine is a severe, rare subtype of migraine. Gene mutations on chromosome 19 have been identified in the calcium channel, voltage-dependent, P/Q type, alpha-1A subunit gene (chromosome 19p13) for familial hemiplegic migraine.
05/02/2006
08:02 AM
Everyday memory self assessed by adult patients with acquired brain damage and their significant others
Neuropsychological Rehabilitation Volume 16, Number 03 / June 2006 257 - 271
Self-assessment of everyday memory dysfunction was examined in a sample of 48 patients with acquired brain injury. A modified version of the Everyday Memory Questionnaire (EMQ20) was used as an interview. Patients were compared to 30 persons without brain injury. EMQ20 was completed by significant others (SOs) to both patients and controls.
05/02/2006
08:01 AM
Prevalence and correlates of face recognition impairments after acquired brain injury
Neuropsychological Rehabilitation Volume 16, Number 03 / June 2006 272 - 297
05/02/2006
08:00 AM
Working alliance and patient compliance in brain injury rehabilitation and their relation to psychosocial outcome
Neuropsychological Rehabilitation Volume 16, Number 03 / June 2006 298 - 314
Employment and physical activity at follow up of 98 patients who underwent a holistic neuropsychological outpatient rehabilitation programme were examined in relation to therapeutic process factors. The patients had suffered a traumatic brain injury (n = 26), a cerebrovascular accident (n = 58) or another neurological insult (n = 14).
05/02/2006
07:59 AM
Evaluation of a community based model of rehabilitation following traumatic brain injury
Neuropsychological Rehabilitation Volume 16, Number 03 / June 2006 315 - 328
In recent years there has been a growing trend towards community-based post-acute rehabilitation for individuals with traumatic brain injury (TBI), as opposed to the traditional centre-based model, based on the premise that these individuals will learn more effectively in settings where they usually have to perform. In the present study, outcomes at two years post-injury in 77 individuals with TBI, treated within the community were compared on measures of activities of daily living (ADL), vocational status, and emotional adjustment with those of 77 TBI patients individually matched for gender, age, education, occupation, post-traumatic amnesia (PTA) duration, Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS) score and time in inpatient rehabilitation, who had attended the hospital for outpatient therapy.
05/02/2006
07:57 AM
Treating anomia in semantic dementia Improvement maintenance or both
Neuropsychological Rehabilitation Volume 16, Number 03 / June 2006 241 - 256
A treatment programme for AK, an anomic patient with semantic dementia is described. The programme was based on home practice and resulted in re-learning the names of some objects AK could not name and/or comprehend prior to the treatment.
05/02/2006
07:54 AM
Are people with mild cognitive impairment aware of the benefits of errorless learning
Neuropsychological Rehabilitation Volume 16, Number 03 / June 2006 329 - 346
Mild cognitive impairment (MCI) has been described as a memory deficit in the absence of other cognitive dysfunction. It can be thought of as a pre-clinical dementia. Memory impairment in this group is not as severe as in early dementia and thus learning is still possible. We were interested to see if errorless learning, a widely used rehabilitation technique, was of benefit to people with MCI. Since it has been shown that successful rehabilitation is somewhat contingent on awareness of function, we were also interested to see if people with MCI were aware of the benefits of errorless learning.
05/02/2006
07:53 AM
MRI in patients with high grade gliomas treated with bevacizumab and chemotherapy
NEUROLOGY 2006;66:1258-1260
Patients with recurrent gliomas (n = 14) were treated with bevacizumab and carboplatin, cpt-11, or etoposide. Follow-up MRI scans were obtained 2 to 6 weeks after initiation of treatment. Contrast-enhancing tumor shrank in 7 patients, with reductions evident in as little as 2 weeks after initiation of therapy. Treatment seemed more effective for heterogeneously enhancing tumor compared with solidly enhancing tumor.
05/02/2006
07:51 AM
Gender difference in relation to depression and quality of life among patients with a primary brain tumor
European Psychiatry Volume 21, Issue 3 , April 2006, Pages 194-199
We studied the relationship between depressive symptoms and quality of life (QOL) as well as functional status in primary brain tumor patients at recurrent measurements. Differences in QOL between depressive and non-depressive samples by gender were controlled for tumor characteristics and patients' psychosocial factors.
05/02/2006
07:49 AM
Hyperphosphatasia With Neurologic Deficit A Pyridoxine Responsive Seizure Disorder
Pediatric Neurology Volume 34, Issue 4 , April 2006, Pages 303-307
This report describes the case of a 4½-year-old female with developmental delay and tonic-clonic seizures, persistently elevated serum alkaline phosphatase activity, and low serum pyridoxal 5'-phosphate.
05/02/2006
07:47 AM
Professional approaches to stroke treatment in Japan a relationship centred model
Journal of Evaluation in Clinical Practice, Volume 12, Number 2, April 2006, pp. 218-226(9)
To examine how stroke professionals in Japan approach rehabilitation therapy.
05/02/2006
07:45 AM
Telestroke a multi site emergency based telemedicine service in Ontario
Journal of Telemedicine and Telecare Volume: 12 Number: 3 Page: 141 -- 145
A telestroke service was established in Ontario in 2002. Six neurologists on four campuses of two academic health centres of the University of Toronto participated in the call roster to support emergency physicians in two northern cities, North Bay and Sudbury. Videoconferencing units were provided in the hospitals and in the homes of the neurologists. PC workstations were used to access computed tomography (CT) images.
05/02/2006
07:44 AM
Perceptual Social, and Behavioral Factors Associated With Delays in Seeking Medical Care in Patients With Symptoms of Acute Stroke
Stroke. 2006;37:1248
Despite availability of reperfusion therapy for acute ischemic stroke, most patients remain ineligible mainly because of late hospital arrival. We hypothesized that perceptual, social, and behavioral factors affect delays in seeking help after symptom onset.
05/02/2006
07:43 AM
Good Outcomes in Ischemic Stroke Patients Treated With Intravenous Thrombolysis Despite Regressing Neurological Symptoms
Stroke. 2006;37:1332
We evaluated the clinical course of 19 acute stroke patients with rapid early improvement of neurological deficit within the 3-hour window, treated with intravenous thrombolytics.
05/02/2006
07:42 AM
Why Does Acute Hyperglycemia Worsen the Outcome of Transient Focal Cerebral Ischemia
Stroke. 2006;37:1288
Hyperglycemia adversely affects the outcome of stroke. Global ischemia data support that the harmful effect of hyperglycemia is mediated by glucose-induced elevated plasma glucocorticoids. Here we sought to evaluate the negative effects of hyperglycemia on transient focal ischemia in the rat, and to test whether these could be prevented by inhibition of either corticosteroid production or neutrophil infiltration.
05/02/2006
07:41 AM
Patient Behavior Immediately After Transient Ischemic Attack According to Clinical Characteristics Perception of the Event and Predicted Risk of Stroke
Stroke. 2006;37:1254
Little research has been done on patients’ behavior after transient ischemic attack (TIA). Recent data on the high early risk of stroke after TIA mean that emergency action after TIA is essential for effective secondary prevention. We therefore studied patients’ behavior immediately after TIA according to their perceptions, clinical characteristics, and predicted stroke risk.
05/02/2006
07:40 AM
Trends in Risk of Stroke in Patients with a Hospital Diagnosis of Nonvalvular Atrial Fibrillation National Cohort Study in Denmark 1980-2002
Neuroepidemiology 2006;26:212-219
We examined trends in incidence of stroke of any nature (ischemic and/or hemorrhagic) in subjects with a hospital diagnosis of nonvalvular atrial fibrillation or flutter in Denmark from 1980 to 2002 by sex, age and conditions of comorbidity.
05/02/2006
07:39 AM
Response of Asymptomatic Brain Metastases From Small Cell Lung Cancer to Systemic First-Line Chemotherapy
Journal of Clinical Oncology, Vol 24, No 13 (May 1), 2006: pp. 2079-2083
The purpose of this study was to investigate the radiologic response of asymptomatic brain metastases (BM) from small-cell lung cancer (SCLC) to first-line systemic chemotherapy.
05/02/2006
07:37 AM
Barriers to Autopsy Creutzfeldt Jakob Disease in New York State
Neuroepidemiology 2006;26:207-211
Surveillance of Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease (CJD) monitors trends and ensures timely identification of variant CJD and other emergent prion diseases. Brain tissue is needed to definitively diagnose these diseases. A survey of neurologists and pathologists in New York State was conducted to understand neurologists' and pathologists' views on autopsy and CJD.
05/02/2006
07:35 AM
Serial Changes on Diffusion Weighted Magnetic Resonance Imaging in Encephalitis or Encephalopathy
Pediatric Neurology Volume 34, Issue 4 , April 2006, Pages 308-311
It is recognized that diffusion-weighted magnetic resonance imaging is a sensitive method of detecting cerebral lesions in various neurologic disorders. This report presents two patients with acute encephalitis or encephalopathy who manifested similar serial changes on diffusion-weighted magnetic resonance imaging.
05/02/2006
07:34 AM
Cerebral Blood Flow Threshold of Ischemic Penumbra and Infarct Core in Acute Ischemic Stroke
Stroke. 2006;37:1334
Cerebral blood flow (CBF) reduction below critical thresholds discriminates between irreversible infarct core, penumbra, and benign oligemia (penumbra that recovers spontaneously). Thresholds are based on animal studies, and their diagnostic accuracy in humans has never been established. The purpose of this study was to assess the evidence available on CBF thresholds for infarct core and penumbra in adult stroke patients.
05/02/2006
07:33 AM
Diffuse Idiopathic Skeletal Hyperostosis Associated With Risk Factors for Stroke A Case Control Study
Spine. 31(8):E225-E229, April 15, 2006
To investigate the association between DISH and cerebrovascular disease.
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