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Headache: The Journal of Head and Face Pain, Volume 47, Number 1, January 2007, pp. 131-135(5)
A 48-year-old slender woman presented with a rare case of spontaneous intracranial hypotension syndrome manifesting as patulous Eustachian tube. The patient complained of sudden onset of ear fullness and nasal voice as well as typical orthostatic headache. Patulous Eustachian tube was identified by observation of synchronous movement of the tympanic membrane with respiration and swallowing. The diagnosis of spontaneous intracranial hypotension was confirmed by negative cerebrospinal fluid pressure, and typical magnetic resonance imaging and radioisotope cisternography findings.
Epidemiological evidence suggests that heavy alcohol consumption increases the risk for either stroke or liver disease. The goal of this study was to determine whether heavy drinkers with mild liver disorder (MLD) are at risk of hemorrhagic stroke.
Views of the anatomy and function of the basal ganglia and their role in motor and nonmotor disorders have undergone major revisions during the past decades. The basal ganglia are now appreciated as components of parallel, reentrant cortico-subcortical circuits, which originate from individual cortical areas, traverse the basal ganglia and thalamus, and terminate in their respective areas of origin in the frontal lobe.
Seizure Volume 16, Issue 1 , January 2007, Pages 17-21
The transient, mainly generalized, together with brief changes in EEG baseline immediately after eye closure, is called ‘eye closure sensitivity’
(ECS) which was first reported by Robinson in 1930 and there have been limited number of studies investigating ECS and epilepsy syndromes. Therefore, we aimed to reveal the possible relationship between ECS and the epilepsy syndromes in our adult patients.
Malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumors are rare tumor entities that originate from peripheral nerve sheaths and have an unfavorable prognosis. Metastatic spread to the cerebral parenchyma is absolutely rare. This case report describes the clinical course in a 60-year-old man whose tumor came to medical attention because of a seizure.
During the past 15 years, the concept of dysembryoplastic neuroepithelial tumors has continued to evolve. We present an interesting case of dysembryoplastic neuroepithelial tumor that showed rapid growth during a short period of time.
American Journal of Neuroradiology 28:68-71, January 2007
The dynamics of brain-water content associated with hemodialysis in patients with severe azotemia remains obscure. To investigate whether either interstitial or cytotoxic edema is responsible for dialysis disequilibrium syndrome (DDS), we used diffusion-weighted MR imaging (DWI) to measure the apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC), which is sensitive for detecting tissue water dynamics.
Although no data are available on the potential number of patients treatable with recombinant tissue plasminogen activator, it is said that up to 20% of all stroke patients should receive this treatment. The actual percentage treated is much lower, mainly due to delays between onset and admission to hospital.
Journal of Stroke and Cerebrovascular Diseases Volume 16, Issue 1 , January-February 2007, Pages 34-39
The purpose of the study was to assess whether there were sex differences in stroke severity, infarct characteristics, symptoms, or the symptoms-deficit relationship at the time of acute stroke presentation.
Journal of Stroke and Cerebrovascular Diseases Volume 16, Issue 1 , January-February 2007, Pages 30-33
Cerebrovascular and cardiovascular diseases are the leading causes of death in patients undergoing maintenance hemodialysis. Recently, it has become clear that the appearance of cerebral microbleeds (MBs) on T2*-weighted magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is closely related to intracerebral hemorrhage.
To characterize the clinical presentation, serum biochemical fluctuations, and functional enzymatic analysis of a case of functional ornithine transcarbamylase deficiency unmasked by a dietary change following bariatric surgery.
The purpose of this study was to examine the association of attendance at religious services and change in physical functioning among older Mexican Americans who report residual physical limitations due to stroke. Using data from the Hispanic Established Population for the Epidemiological Study of the Elderly (H-EPESE), generalized linear models were used to evaluate change in physical function over 3 years in persons with stroke aged 65 and older, controlling for demographics, medical conditions, health behaviors, and physical mobility.
Journal of the American Academy of Child & Adolescent Psychiatry. 46(2):213-223, February 2007
The development of DTI and its application to brain imaging of white matter tracts is discussed. Forty-eight studies using DTI to examine diffusion properties of the developing brain are reviewed in the context of the structural magnetic resonance imaging literature. Reports of how brain diffusion properties are affected in pediatric clinical samples and how they relate to cognitive and behavioral phenotypes are reviewed.
The need for rapid evaluation and treatment of acute stroke patients has been well documented. A computerized physician order entry (CPOE) system can improve communication and provide immediate access to information, which may be useful for an effective team approach program targeted to reduce in-hospital time delays.
Seizure Volume 16, Issue 1 , January 2007, Pages 50-58
Hypothalamic hamartoma (HH) related epilepsy presents with gelastic seizures (GS), other seizure types and cognitive deterioration. Although seizure origin in GS has been well established, non-GS are poorly characterized. Their relationship with the HH and cognitive deterioration remains poorly understood.
Cerebral infarction (CI) occurring soon after intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) has been rarely reported. The purpose of the present study was to characterize this condition and discuss the possible pathophysiology.
American Journal of Neuroradiology 28:84-86, January 2007
A 36-year-old woman presented with acute-onset right lower extremity paresthesias, dysarthria, right facial droop, and right hemiparesis. CT and MR imaging of the brain revealed extensive white matter disease and left basal ganglia infarction with dural and leptomeningeal enhancement. Differential considerations included vasculitis, granulomatous disease, and neoplasm. Chest, abdomen, and pelvis CTs were normal. Right temporal lobe biopsy revealed noncaseating granulomatous inflammation consistent with neurosarcoidosis.
We examine here the outcome of viral encephalomyelitis [mouse hepatitis virus
(MHV) A59, Theiler's encephalomyelitis virus, and Coxsackievirus B3] in mice with autoantibodies to a central nervous system (CNS)-specific antigen, myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein, that usually develop no clinical disease.
Scandinavian Journal of Rheumatology, Volume 35, Issue 5 October 2006, pages 402 - 404
Linear scleroderma 'en coup de sabre' (LSCS) has been reported in association with intracranial abnormalities. We report the case of an 11-year-old boy with LSCS who presented with recurrent headaches. Cranial magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and angiography were consistent with the diagnosis of a cerebral vasculitis. In addition, retinal examination showed an exudative inflammatory lesion consistent with vasculitis.
Archives of Gerontology and Geriatrics Volume 44, Issue 1 , January-February 2007, Pages 37-42
Post-stroke edema of the paretic hand constitutes an additional, functional, and esthetic nuisance for the patient. Although often encountered in daily practice, it is not even mentioned in the stroke chapters of the various textbooks.
Magnetic Resonance Imaging Volume 24, Issue 8 , October 2006, Pages 1069-1075
This article presents a warping technique for correcting brain tissue distortion on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scans due to stroke lesion growth and for mapping MRI scans to histological sections.
World J Gastroenterol 2006 December;12(48):7737-7743
Patients with liver disease may present hepatic enceph-alopathy (HE), a complex neuropsychiatric syndrome covering a wide range of neurological alterations, including cognitive and motor disturbances. HE reduces the quality of life of the patients and is associated with poor prognosis. In the worse cases HE may lead to coma or death. The mechanisms leading to HE which are not well known are being studied using animal models.
The International Journal of Tuberculosis and Lung Disease, Volume 11, Number 1, January 2007, pp. 91-95(5)
To describe the clinical presentation, radiological findings and outcome of treatment with anti-tuberculosis drugs in 16 cases of intracranial tuberculoma.
Annals of Plastic Surgery. 58(1):48-53, January 2007
There is a well-known close relationship between the total intracranial volume (TIV) and the brain size. Several studies in different countries have estimated the cranial capacity, which indirectly reflects the brain volume.
British Journal of Anaesthesia 2007 98(1):100-104;
This case report describes a patient with a history of epileptic seizures who showed unusual decreases in the Bispectral Index (BIS) attributable to the induction of abnormal slow electroencephalographic (EEG) waves by photic stimulation, without any associated decrease in his level of consciousness.
Journal of NeuroEngineering and Rehabilitation 2007, 4:1
Development and increasing acceptance of rehabilitation robots as well as advances in technology allow new forms of therapy for patients with neurological disorders. Robot-assisted gait therapy can increase the training duration and the intensity for the patients while reducing the physical strain for the therapist.
International Journal of Clinical Practice, Volume 60, Number 12, December 2006, pp. 1536-1541(6)
Although there have been many studies on seizures following stroke, there is still much we do not know about them. In this study, we evaluated the characteristics of seizures in stroke patients.
To examine seizure predictability in a cohort of adult patients using a prospective seizure diary study, to assess the validity of a patient's predictions, and to determine if a subgroup of patients with epilepsy were able to reliably predict their seizures.
Neurologists have a professional opportunity, an ethical responsibility, and sound clinical and economic reasons for engaging in efforts to improve patient safety. Better communication with patients and other providers, closer follow-up of consultation cases, and more focused supervision of trainees will help to reduce current patterns of error and misunderstanding.
Many patients with epilepsy complain of decreased energy and somnolence. There is increased awareness that comorbidity, especially depression, plays an important role in determining the quality of life for patients with epilepsy.
Smoking, increased fibrinogen levels, and platelet activation are related to the risk of ischemic stroke. The platelet fibrinogen receptor glycoprotein (Gp) IIb/IIIa PlA1/A2 polymorphism affects the binding of platelets to fibrinogen and is suggested to interact with smoking.
The goal of the work described here was to determine the prevalence of driving and associated variables among patients followed at a level 4 epilepsy center.
Emergency Radiology, Volume 13, Number 2, November 2006, pp. 79-82(4)
Occipital condylar fractures (OCFs) seem to be rare. The exact incidence is unknown, but a few studies reported a 3-4% incidence of OCFs in patients with severe head injury and altered Glasgow Coma Scale score.
Taking advantage of low genetic variations in northern Sweden, we performed a genome-wide linkage scan to investigate the susceptibility loci for common forms of stroke.
Fracture rates in epilepsy are two to three times that for the general population, although the influence of gender and age is not well defined. We examined, over a 7-year period at a single health care center, 750 patients with epilepsy who sustained the fractures.
Lymphomas rarely present as a localized mass within the dura. We report a case of a 72-year-old woman, normally fit and well, who presented with a sudden episode of grand mal seizure. Imaging studies showed an extra-axial mass arising from the dura, with radiologic features characteristic of a meningioma.
Journal of Stroke and Cerebrovascular Diseases Volume 16, Issue 1 , January-February 2007, Pages 40-42
Neuroendovascular treatment is increasingly being used for treatment of intracranial aneurysms. Postradiation alopecia, commonly seen weeks after radiation for other diseases such as brain tumors, is rarely reported after neuroendovascular procedures for benign lesions because of their delayed manifestations.
Previous studies have shown that inpatient strokes are common and severe. We sought to characterize the risk factors, stroke subtypes, timing of acute stroke evaluation and frequency of thrombolytic therapy in inpatient ischemic strokes compared with community ischemic strokes.
Seizure Volume 16, Issue 1 , January 2007, Pages 22-34
Epidemiological studies reveal fracture incidence in epilepsy is twice that of the normal population. Much interest has been focused on Vitamin D, however, considering mixed results on non-enzyme inducing anti-epileptic drugs (AEDs) and bone mineral density (BMD) additional metabolic effects may be to blame. AEDs increase serum homocysteine (s-Hcy) by lowering blood folate levels.
The objectives of this project are: (1) to assess the use of spinal fMRI as a tool for detecting neuronal function in the spinal cord below an injury, and (2) to characterize the neuronal response to active and passive movement tasks.
Seizure response dogs are animals that respond to a person having a seizure. Usually, the dog will be helpful in some way during the seizure itself. The dog may respond by instinct, or it can be trained for this purpose.
We consider the ethical and public policy implications of late recovery from the minimally conscious state in light of an Institute of Medicine exploratory meeting convened to discuss current knowledge about disorders of consciousness as well as a recently published study demonstrating axonal regrowth in a patient two decades after traumatic injury.
To determine if a 12-week resistance and plyometric training program results in improved muscle function and locomotor speed after incomplete spinal cord injury (SCI).
The vast majority (88%) of strokes are ischemic in nature.1 Therefore, antiplatelet therapy is the cornerstone of secondary stroke prevention (Table). Antiplatelet therapy is preferred over oral anticoagulation such as warfarin for patients with noncardioembolic ischemic stroke.2
The abnormal function of tyrosine kinase receptors is a hallmark of malignant gliomas. Tie2 receptor tyrosine kinase is a specific endothelial cell receptor whose function is positively regulated by angiopoietin 1 (Ang1). Recently, Tie2 has also been found in the nonvascular compartment of several tumors, including leukemia as well as breast, gastric, and thyroid cancers.
Receptor tyrosine kinase aberrations are implicated in the genesis of gliomas. We investigated expression and amplification of KIT, PDGFRA, VEGFR2, and EGFR in 87 gliomas consisting of astrocytomas, anaplastic astrocytomas, oligodendrogliomas, or oligoastrocytomas in tumor samples collected at the time of the diagnosis and in samples of the same tumors at tumor recurrence.
Cerebrospinal fluid drainage is often indicated in patients with acute hydrocephalus after aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage but is believed to increase the risk of rebleeding. We studied the risk of rebleeding in patients with subarachnoid hemorrhage during treatment for acute hydrocephalus.
The optimal approach for acute ischemic stroke patients who do not respond to intravenous recombinant tissue plasminogen activator (IV rt-PA) is uncertain. This study evaluated the safety and response to intra-arterial thrombolytics (IATs) in patients unresponsive to full-dose IV rt-PA.
To determine if patients with metastatic spinal cord compression (MSCC) make significant functional gains through rehabilitation. To study survival and predictors of survival in MSCC. To explore predictive factors for high or low functional gains in MSCC.
Seizure Volume 16, Issue 1 , January 2007, Pages 81-86
Pharmacoresistant focal epilepsies due to periventricular nodular heterotopia are a diagnostic and therapeutic challenge because of the need of invasive presurgical diagnostics and the selection of an optimal surgical approach.
American Journal of Neuroradiology 28:22-24, January 2007
We describe the neuroradiologic findings in a 7-year-old boy with anomalous intracranial venous drainage and cerebral calcification. CT scans demonstrated that his scalp mass was a plexus of scalp veins filled through the emissary foramen, and there were cerebral calcifications.
American Journal of Neuroradiology 28:76-78, January 2007
We present a case of a patient with systemic lupus erythematosus and secondary antiphospholipid syndrome. The patient presented with acute right cerebellar infarction and clinical and imaging evidence of brain stem and bilateral thalamic encephalopathy that resolved completely.
Activation of the Hedgehog (Hh) pathway has been identified in several cancers, including medulloblastoma, but the mechanisms by which this pathway affects tumor survival and growth are incompletely understood.
Trigeminal autonomic cephalgias (TACs) include cluster headache, paroxysmal hemicrania, and short-lasting unilateral neuralgiform headache with conjunctival injection and tearing. Associated structural lesions may be found, but a causal relationship is often difficult to establish.
American Journal of Neuroradiology 28:54-59, January 2007
To prospectively determine the sensitivity in the detection of multiple sclerosis (MS) lesions by using double inversion recovery (DIR), fluid-attenuated inversion recovery (FLAIR), and T2-weighted turbo spin-echo (T2 TSE) MR imaging at 3T.
Frontal lobe epilepsy (FLE) surgery is the second most common surgery performed to treat pharmacoresistant epilepsy. Yet, little is known about long-term seizure outcome following frontal lobectomy.
A significant minority of patients undergoing surgery for medically refractory non-lesional temporal lobe epilepsy (TLE) continue to have seizures, but the reasons for this are uncertain. Fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) PET shows hypometabolism in a majority of patients with non-lesional TLE, even in the absence of hippocampal atrophy.
Journal of Head Trauma Rehabilitation. 22(1):56-64, January/February 2007
Despite significant advances in the understanding of pediatric traumatic brain injury (TBI)-related sequelae, members of the medical community working with adult survivors often do not appreciate the impact of "latent" effects of these injuries. To assess deficits and facilitate intervention, the interactions among the nature of the TBI, the individual's developmental course, and the history of community response must be understood.
Journal of Head Trauma Rehabilitation. 22(1):48-55, January/February 2007
The remarkable persistence of disablement in chronic traumatic brain injury and the dearth of accommodation define the condition as a disorder of adaptation. This construct is extended to explain exceptional recoveries after postacute treatment.
Journal of Head Trauma Rehabilitation. 22(1):1-13, January/February 2007
Assess unmet needs of persons with traumatic brain injury (TBI) 1 year after hospital discharge; compare perceived need with needs based on deficits (unrecognized need); determine major barriers to services; evaluate association of needs with satisfaction with life.
Journal of Head Trauma Rehabilitation. 22(1):26-30, January/February 2007
As clinician ratings of performance-based assessments of activities of daily living (ADL) require examiners to judge the appropriateness of actions within task context, this study sought to document occupational therapists' (OTs') ability to distinguish examples of potential ADL errors of healthy adults (HA) from those of individuals with frontal lobe lesions (FLL).
Journal of Head Trauma Rehabilitation. 22(1):39-47, January/February 2007
Psychotherapy is now an approach used within several models of neurorehabilitation. However, a core theoretical model to guide psychotherapeutic practice is lacking. This article attempts to illustrate how the Generic Model of Psychotherapy of Orlinsky and Howard, which emphasizes the common factors shared by many psychotherapies, can be applied in neurorehabilitation settings.
Journal of Head Trauma Rehabilitation. 22(1):31-38, January/February 2007
Further psychometric evaluation of a measure designed to assess communication ability after traumatic brain injury (TBI). Design: Internal consistency, test-retest reliability, and validity for self-report and close-other versions of the tool were evaluated.
Injury Volume 38, Issue 1 , January 2007, Pages 81-83
This study assessed the current trend in the number and incidence (per 100,000 persons) of fall-induced severe head injuries among the very old adults in Finland, an
EU-country with a well-defined white population of 5.2 million, by taking into account all persons 80 years of age or older who were admitted to our hospitals for primary treatment of such injury in 1970–2004.
A socioeconomic gradient in stroke has been demonstrated in a variety of settings, but mostly in men. Our purpose was to establish whether a socioeconomic gradient in stroke existed in a group of Swedish women and whether this gradient could be explained by established stroke risk factors or psychosocial factors.
The age-adjusted stroke mortality rate in Japan was the highest in the world from 1950 to the 1970s, but it started to dramatically decrease after 1965. In addition to improved management of high blood pressure, the increase in average height might also contribute to this reduction. The present study investigates whether height is an independent risk for stroke mortality in Japan.
Iron overload has been associated with greater oxidative stress and brain injury in experimental cerebral ischemia and reperfusion. This study investigates whether high serum ferritin levels, as an index of increased cellular iron stores, are associated with poor outcome, hemorrhagic transformation, and brain edema after treatment with tissue plasminogen activator in patients with acute ischemic stroke.
Seizure Volume 16, Issue 1 , January 2007, Pages 69-73
Epileptic seizures during infancy have a wide variety of clinical presentations and the outcome differs according to the etiology. Among the benign and rare causes of infantile seizures, Vitamin B12 deficiency has been encountered.
The outcomes reported in the International Subarachnoid Aneurysm Trial (ISAT), a multicenter, prospective, randomized trial to directly compare surgical clipping with endovascular coiling as treatments for ruptured intracranial aneurysms, have been misinterpreted by many to indicate the superiority of coiling to surgical clipping in all instances. To better understand the results of ISAT and their implications for practice patterns, we compared the ISAT results with the results of other published studies regarding the treatment of ruptured intracranial aneurysms.
Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery, and Psychiatry 2007;78:197-198
Dissections of intracranial arteries are rare and occur most commonly in the vertebrobasilar system.1 Isolated dissecting aneurysms of the posterior cerebral artery (PCA) are very uncommon. We report a case of subarachnoid haemorrhage (SAH) heralded by a 3-month history of diplopia due to dissection of the right PCA documented with digital subtraction angiography (DSA), magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and angiography (MRA).
Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery, and Psychiatry 2007;78:187-189
Anti-glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD) antibodies are described in stiff-person syndrome and also in other neurological syndromes, including cerebellar ataxia and epilepsy. This paper reports the case of a patient who had chronic focal epilepsy, upbeat nystagmus and cerebellar ataxia, associated with a polyautoimmune response including anti-GAD antibodies.
Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery, and Psychiatry 2007;78:183-186
Results of experimental and clinical studies suggest that recombinant human interleukin 1 receptor antagonist (rhIL1ra) may be a good new therapeutic agent for acute stroke. In humans, IL1ra is encoded by the IL1RN gene located on chromosome 2.
Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery, and Psychiatry 2007;78:190-192
Anti-glutamic acid decarboxylase antibody is associated with the development of progressive cerebellar ataxia and slowly progressive insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus. Previously, the neurophysiological characteristics of IgG in the cerebrospinal fluid of a patient with anti-glutamic acid decarboxylase antibody-associated progressive cerebellar ataxia and slowly progressive insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus were reported.
Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery, and Psychiatry 2007;78:206-220
Richard Hughes has a brilliant academic record, a scholarship to Marlborough, an exhibition in classics to Cambridge, fortunately for neurology a change to medicine followed by a double first with several more prizes and scholarships en route, including a scholarship to Guy’s Hospital Medical School, where he followed in the footsteps of his father, grandfather and great grandfather.
Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery, and Psychiatry 2007;78:200-201
Rasmussen encephalitis is a rare unihemispheric inflammatory disease of the brain that leads to intractable seizures, cognitive decline and progressive neurological deficits associated with the affected hemisphere. It predominantly affects children, with the onset in adults having a milder course. Immunotherapy has been suggested to improve the outcome of Rasmussen encephalitis.
Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery, and Psychiatry 2007;78:204-205
Limbic encephalitis is characterised by subacute development of short-term memory loss, seizures, confusion and psychiatric features.1 Paraneoplastic limbic encephalitis is generally associated with small cell lung cancer (SCLC), and around 50% of patients harbour Hu, CV2/CRMP5 or amphiphysin antibodies.
Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery, and Psychiatry 2007;78:180-182
We describe a patient found to have acute diffuse and reversible encephalopathy on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) associated with cholesterol emboli syndrome (CES). The initial MRI showed extensive white matter, basal ganglia and cortical damage without evidence of brain infarction.
Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery, and Psychiatry 2007;78:141-146
To determine the relationship between bolus flow and laryngeal closure during swallowing in patients with stroke and to examine the sensorimotor mechanisms leading to aspiration.
Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery, and Psychiatry 2007;78:157-161
To elucidate the importance of clinically diagnosed cerebral comorbidity in idiopathic normal-pressure hydrocephalus (INPH) and its effect on improvement after shunt surgery as well as concordance with parenchymal pathological changes described in frontal cerebral biopsy specimens.
Multimodal MRI for acute ischaemic stroke usually includes perfusion imaging (PI) and contrast-enhanced neck MR angiography (CE-MRA), as well as diffusion-weighted imaging and T2* weighted imaging. Because both PI and CE-MRA require the infusion of contrast medium, the likelihood exists that one study may conflict with the other due to the accumulation of previously injected contrast medium.
Journal of Emergency Medicine Volume 31, Issue 4 , November 2006, Pages 381-385
Fractures of the thoracic and lumbar vertebrae as a direct consequence of generalized epileptic convulsions are the most common non-traumatic type of fracture complicating epileptic seizures. The majority of these fractures are compression fractures that occur with minimal symptoms and virtually no permanent neurological sequela. Nevertheless, muscle contractions generated during generalized motor seizures can result in severe axial skeletal trauma and grave neurological complications.
Journal of Emergency Medicine Volume 31, Issue 4 , November 2006, Pages 421-425
Head trauma is a common and devastating injury. Along with a high mortality rate, the long-term morbidity is consequential for both the individual patient and society.
Clinical Cancer Research Vol. 12, 7316-7321, December 15, 2006
Fifteen percent to 20% of human neuroblastomas show amplification of the MYCN oncogene physiologically located at chromosome 2p24-25, indicating an aggressive subtype of human neuroblastoma with a poor clinical outcome. Recent findings revealed that the structure of the amplicon differs interindividually and that coamplification of genes in telomeric proximity to MYCN might play a relevant role in neuroblastoma development and response to treatment, respectively.
To study cerebrovascular autoregulation and its impact on clinical course in patients with impending malignant middle cerebral artery infarction, we used invasive multimodal neuromonitoring, including measurement of cerebral perfusion pressure, tissue oxygen pressure, and microdialysis.
Emerging evidence raises the possibility of an association between depression and stroke risk. This study sought to examine whether depressive symptoms are associated with an increased risk of cerebrovascular events in a community-based sample.
There is ongoing controversy about the impact of hemorrhagic transformation after thrombolysis on long-term functional outcome. We sought to study the relation between the type of hemorrhagic transformation on CT scans and functional outcome.
To use diffusion tensor MRI to quantify and compare degeneration of the pons and cerebellar peduncles in multiple system atrophy (MSA), progressive supranuclear palsy (PSP), and Parkinson disease (PD) and to relate changes in diffusion measures to clinical features and localized atrophy.
Studies on cognitive impairment without dementia (CIND) after stroke are scarce and there are no widely accepted diagnostic criteria for this condition. The purpose of this study was to determine the frequency of CIND in a hospital cohort before and after stroke during a 2-year follow up according to two alternative operational criteria.
American Journal of Neuroradiology 28:79-83, January 2007
Ataxia-telangiectasia (A-T) is an autosomal recessive disorder with characteristic neurodegeneration of the cerebellum. We used MR spectroscopy to test the hypothesis that cerebellar metabolism in A-T patients would be abnormal relative to healthy controls.
We followed 419 patients with a first, unprovoked, primarily or secondarily generalized tonic-clonic seizure, randomized to immediate antiepileptic treatment or to treatment only in the event of seizure recurrence.
American Journal of Neuroradiology 28:146-151, January 2007
With advances in neuroimaging, unruptured cerebral aneurysms are being diagnosed more frequently. Until 1995, surgical clipping of the aneurysm was the only treatment available. Since then, a less invasive endovascular technique has been found effective in a trial of ruptured aneurysms. No efficacy studies comparing the 2 procedures for unruptured aneurysms exist to guide clinical decisions. The objective of this study was to assess effectiveness and outcomes of endovascular versus neurosurgical treatment for unruptured intracranial aneurysms.
American Journal of Neuroradiology 28:25-29, January 2007
Head and neck infantile hemangiomas are common lesions that are rarely observed in an intracranial location. We report 4 patients with orbital infantile hemangiomas and ipsilateral enhancing intracranial lesions, presumed to be infantile hemangiomas.
Malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumors are rare tumor entities that originate from peripheral nerve sheaths and have an unfavorable prognosis. Metastatic spread to the cerebral parenchyma is absolutely rare. This case report describes the clinical course in a 60-year-old man whose tumor came to medical attention because of a seizure.
To determine if a 12-week resistance and plyometric training program results in improved muscle function and locomotor speed after incomplete spinal cord injury (SCI).
The medical records of all children at our hospital with International Classification of Diseases 9th revision (ICD-9) codes 342, 433 to 438, or 767 from May 1999 to May 2004 were reviewed to assess whether they had stroke (any type) or, specifically, arterial ischemic stroke
(AIS).
Fluid-attenuated inversion recovery (FLAIR) sequences may reveal hyperintense vessel signals
(HVS) at the acute stage of cerebral ischemia. The aim of this study was to test the hypothesis that HVS are associated with a worse outcome.
Astrocytic glutamate transporter protein, GLT-1 (EAAT2), recovers extracellular glutamate and ensures that neurons are protected from excess stimulation. Recently, ß-lactam antibiotics, like ceftriaxone
(CTX), were reported to induce the upregulation of GLT-1. Here, we investigated ischemic tolerance induction by CTX in an experimental model of focal cerebral ischemia.
The objective was to analyze the feasibility of a lumbar drainage (LD) for a communicating malresorptive hydrocephalus in patients with supratentorial hemorrhage
(intracerebral hemorrhage) accompanied by severe ventricular involvement
(intraventricular hemorrhage) who required an external ventricular drain
(EVD).
The severity of the neurological deficit after ischemic stroke is moderately correlated with infarct volume. In the current study, we sought to quantify the impact of location on neurological deficit severity and to delineate this impact from that of volume.
Poststroke memory dysfunction is a prerequisite for the diagnosis of poststroke dementia. This diagnosis is made within months after a stroke, apparently assuming a relatively stable course of the poststroke memory function. Clinical experience added to anecdotal evidence from the literature suggests that poststroke memory function may be reversible.
Clinical Cancer Research Vol. 12, 7261-7270, December 15, 2006
The epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) and its ligands figure prominently in the biology of
gliomas, the most common tumors of the central nervous system (CNS). Although their histologic classification seems to be straightforward, these tumors constitute a heterogeneous class of related
neoplasms. They are associated with a variety of molecular abnormalities affecting signal transduction, transcription factors, apoptosis,
angiogensesis, and the extracellular matrix.
To define temporal trends in the incidence of anticoagulant-associated intracerebral hemorrhage
(AAICH) during the 1990s and relate them to rates of cardioembolic ischemic stroke.
Clinical Neurology and Neurosurgery Volume 109, Issue 1 , January 2007, Pages 27-31
The present study aimed to detect any significant changes of F wave variables associated with acute hemiparesis in a group of stroke patients with relatively preserved consciousness
(Glascow Coma Scale (GCS) score 8 or higher) and to detect the possible clinical significance of F wave recording in acute stroke patients for diagnostic purposes.
Clinical Neurology and Neurosurgery Volume 109, Issue 1 , January 2007, Pages 76-80
Pilocytic astrocytomas are relatively uncommon tumors found predominately in the pediatric population. Reports of these tumors are extremely rare in the elderly. This is a report of a 75-year-old man presenting with two spontaneous intracranial hemorrhages and subsequent resection of a pilocytic
astrocytoma.
Journal of Neurotrauma Dec 2006, Vol. 23, No. 12 : 1904 -1911
Intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) and traumatic brain injury can induce brain tissue edema (i.e., interstitial and/or
vasogenic), containing high concentrations of plasma proteins. To understand biochemical processes in edema development following these insults, it would be useful to examine alterations in various proteins (e.g., transcription factors, signaling).
Evidence suggests that activated microglia are detrimental to the survival of new hippocampal neurons, whereas blocking inflammation has been shown to restore hippocampal neurogenesis after cranial irradiation and seizure. The aim of this current study is to determine the effect of minocycline on neurogenesis and functional recovery after cerebral focal ischemia.
Topics in Magnetic Resonance Imaging. 17(2):53-61, April 2006
With the advancement of the magnetic resonance (MR) technology, the whole-body ultrahigh field MR system operated from 7 to 9.4 T becomes feasible for the routine patient imaging in clinical settings. The associated potentials and challenges from the perspectives of technology, physics, and biology as well as clinical application of the ultrahigh field MR systems are different from those systems operated at 3 T, 1.5 T, or lower field strength. In this article, we will present our initial experiences of brain tumor imaging using the 7 and 8 T whole-body MR systems at the Ohio State University Medical Center and provide a brief overview pertinent to the ultrahigh field clinical MR systems.
The International Campaign for Cures of Spinal Cord Injury Paralysis established a panel tasked with reviewing the methodology for clinical trials for spinal cord injury (SCI), and making recommendations on the conduct of future trials.
The International Campaign for Cures of Spinal Cord Injury Paralysis (ICCP) supported an international panel tasked with reviewing the methodology for clinical trials in spinal cord injury (SCI), and making recommendations on the conduct of future trials.
An international panel reviewed the methodology for clinical trials of spinal cord injury (SCI), and provided recommendations for the valid conduct of future trials.
The International Campaign for Cures of Spinal Cord Injury Paralysis established a panel tasked with reviewing the methodology for clinical trials for spinal cord injury (SCI), and making recommendations on the conduct of future trials.
The purpose of this work was to evaluate effects of Gd-diethylenetriaminepentacetic acid
(DTPA) injection on T1-weighted images of stroke and lesion segmentation and characterization results generated by our multiparametric iterative self-organizing data
(ISODATA) method.
There is uncertainty regarding the impact of changes in stroke care and natural history of stroke in the community. We examined factors responsible for trends in survival after stroke in a series of population-based studies.
Neurosurgery. 59(5) SUPPLEMENT:S3-125-S3-138, November 2006
Giant (>=25 mm in diameter) cerebral aneurysms have a poor natural history, with high risks of subarachnoid hemorrhage or progressive disability or death caused by mass effect or stroke. Surgical treatment may be effective but carries a high burden of morbidity and mortality.
American Journal of Neuroradiology 28:159-163, January 2007
Intra-arterial fibrinolytic therapy is a promising treatment for acute ischemic stroke. Few data are available on its use in elderly patients. The purpose of this study was to compare the baseline characteristics, complications, and outcomes between intra-arterially treated ischemic stroke patients aged 80 years and their younger counterparts.
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