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Journal links archive: May 1-15 2008 April 16-30 2008 April 1-15 2008 March 16-31 2008 March 1-15 2008 February 16-29 2008 February 1-15 2008 January 16-31 2008 January 1-15 2008 December 16-31 2007 December 1-15 2007 November 16-30 2007 November 1-15 2007 October 16-31 2007 October 1-15 2007 September 16-30 2007 September 1-15 2007 August 16-31 2007 August 1-15 2007 July 16-31 2007 July 1-15 2007 June 16-30 2007 June 1-15 2007 May 16-31 2007 May 1-15 2007 April 16-30 2007 April 1-15 2007 March 16-31 2007 March 1-15 2007 February 16-28 2007 February 1-15 2007 January 16-31 2007 January 1-15 2007 December 16-31 2006 December 1-15 2006 November 16-30 2006 November 1-15 2006 October 16-31 2006 October 1-15 2006 September 16-30 2006 September 1-15 2006 August 16-31 2006 August 1-15 2006 July 16-31 2006 July 1-15 2006 June 16-30 2006 June 1-15 2006 May 16-31 2006 May 1-15 2006 April 16-30 2006 April 1-15 2006 March 16-31 2006 March 1-15 2006 February 2006 January 2006

April 1-15 2008 Postings (Note: Some archived links may become inactive)

04/15/2008 02:57 PM

Physiotherapy after traumatic brain injury: A systematic review of the literature

Brain Injury, Volume 22, Issue 5 2008 , pages 365 - 373

At present there are no standardized recommendations concerning physiotherapy of individuals with traumatic brain injury (TBI) resulting in a high variability of methods and intensity. The aim of this literature review is to develop recommendations concerning physiotherapy in the post-acute phase after TBI on the basis of scientific evidence.

04/15/2008 02:56 PM

Depression in the elderly after traumatic brain injury: A systematic review

Brain Injury, Volume 22, Issue 5 2008 , pages 375 - 380

04/15/2008 02:55 PM

Prevalence and types of sleep disturbances acutely after traumatic brain injury

Brain Injury, Volume 22, Issue 5 2008 , pages 381 - 386

To assess the prevalence of and risk factors for sleep disturbances in the acute post-traumatic brain injury (TBI) period.

04/15/2008 02:54 PM

Cognitive and affective outcomes of more severe compared to less severe carbon monoxide poisoning

Brain Injury, Volume 22, Issue 5 2008 , pages 387 - 395

To assess cognitive sequelae, depression and anxiety following carbon monoxide (CO) poisoning.

04/15/2008 02:53 PM

Conversation-based assessment of social cognition in adults with traumatic brain injury

Brain Injury, Volume 22, Issue 5 2008 , pages 397 - 409

The purpose of this study was to characterize performance of individuals with traumatic brain injury (TBI) on a novel video-based test, the Video Social Inference Test (VSIT). The VSIT was designed to capture social inference processes that would be engaged in daily conversations. The test required both initial social inferences and also predictions or explanations of subsequent behaviours.

04/15/2008 02:51 PM

Determinants of compliance with hand splinting in an acute brain injured population

Brain Injury, Volume 22, Issue 5 2008 , pages 411 - 418

Poor compliance with hand splinting treatment in the acute injury stage increases the risk of ongoing disability by affecting recovery and functioning. The aims of this study were to identify key predictors of splinting non-compliance in acute traumatic brain injury (TBI) patients and to determine the suitability of the Westmead PTA scale for predicting splinting compliance in TBI.

04/15/2008 02:51 PM

Predictors of positive growth after traumatic brain injury: A longitudinal study

Brain Injury, Volume 22, Issue 5 2008 , pages 427 - 435

To investigate long-term positive psychological growth in individuals with traumatic brain injury (TBI) and to relate growth to injury characteristics and early outcomes.

04/15/2008 02:49 PM

A Different View on DNA Amplifications Indicates Frequent, Highly Complex, and Stable Amplicons on 12q13-21 in Glioma

Molecular Cancer Research 6, 576-584, April 1, 2008

To further understand the biological significance of amplifications for glioma development and recurrencies, we characterized amplicon frequency and size in low-grade glioma and amplicon stability in vivo in recurring glioblastoma.

04/15/2008 02:48 PM

Occupational Exposure to Pesticides and Risk of Adult Brain Tumors

American Journal of Epidemiology 2008 167(8):976-985

The authors examined incident glioma and meningioma risk associated with occupational exposure to insecticides and herbicides in a hospital-based, case-control study of brain cancer.

04/15/2008 02:47 PM

Endoscopic transcervical odontoidectomy for pediatric basilar invagination and cranial settling

Journal of Neurosurgery Pediatrics April 2008 Volume 1, Number 4

Pediatric basilar invagination and cranial settling have traditionally been approached through a transoral-transpharyngeal route with or without extended maxillotomy or mandibulotomy for resection of the anterior portion of C-1 and the odontoid.

04/15/2008 02:46 PM

Ineffectiveness of Folic Acid Supplementation against Phenytoin-Induced Decrease in Salivary Immunoglobulin A Concentration of Epileptic Patients

Eur Neurol 2008;59:299-301

This study was designed to investigate if folate treatment is able to reverse the phenytoin-induced deficiency of salivary immunoglobulin A (IgA).

04/15/2008 02:45 PM

Alpha-1 Antichymotrypsin Gene Signal Peptide A/T Polymorphism and Primary Intracerebral Hemorrhage

Eur Neurol 2008;59:307-314

Alpha-1 antichymotrypsin (ACT), a serine proteinase inhibitor, has been implicated in vascular pathology. The TT genotype of the ACT signal peptide A/T polymorphism has been reported to confer susceptibility to primary intracerebral hemorrhage (PICH).

04/15/2008 02:44 PM

Our clinical experience with pediatric meningioma with generalized anesthesia considerations

The Internet Journal of Anesthesiology. 2008. Volume 16 Number 1

Meningiomas are derived from mesoderm, probably from cells giving rise to the arachnoid granulations. These tumors are usually benign and attached to the dura. They may invade the skull but only infrequently invade the brain. Meningiomas usually occur along the sagittal sinus, over the cerebral convexities, in the cerebello pontine angle, and along the dorsum of the spinal cord.

04/15/2008 02:43 PM

The claustrum and its projection system in the human brain: a microsurgical and tractographic anatomical study

Journal of Neurosurgery April 2008 Volume 108, Number 4

The goal in this study was to examine the microsurgical and tractographic anatomy of the claustrum and its projection fibers, and to analyze the functional and surgical implications of the findings.

04/15/2008 02:41 PM

Stem Cells

Journal of Neurosurgery April 2008 Volume 108, Number 4

The normal adult human telencephalon does not reveal evidence of spontaneous neuronal migration and differentiation despite the robust germinal capacity of the subventricular zone (SVZ) astrocyte ribbon that contains neural stem cells. This might be because it is averse to accepting new neurons into an established neuronal network, probably representing an evolutionary acquisition to prevent the formation of anomalous neuronal circuits. Some forms of epilepsy, such as malformations of cortical development, are thought to be due to abnormal corticogenesis during the embryonic and early postnatal periods.

04/15/2008 02:40 PM

Surgical removal of intramuscular arteriovenous hemangioma of the upper left forearm compressing radial nerve branches

Journal of Neurosurgery April 2008 Volume 108, Number 4

The authors report on the case of a 32-year-old woman with an intramuscular arteriovenous hemangioma (AVH) of the left forearm with burning pain and paresthesias diffused to the radial nerve-related territories. The patient underwent coil embolization of the AVH and surgical removal of the remnant and regrown AVH.

04/15/2008 02:39 PM

Effective suppression of hippocampal seizures in rats by direct hippocampal cooling with a Peltier chip

Journal of Neurosurgery April 2008 Volume 108, Number 4

The use of focal brain cooling to eliminate epileptic discharges (EDs) has attracted increasing attention in the scientific community. In this study, the inhibitory effect of selective hippocampal cooling on experimental hippocampal seizures was investigated using a newly devised cooling system with a thermoelectric (Peltier) chip.

04/15/2008 02:38 PM

Diffusion tensor tractography of the temporal stem on the inferior limiting sulcus

Journal of Neurosurgery April 2008 Volume 108, Number 4

The aim of this study was to use diffusion tensor tractography (DTT) to define the 3D relationships of the uncinate fasciculus, anterior commissure, inferior occipitofrontal fasciculus, inferior thalamic peduncle, and optic radiation and to determine the positioning landmarks of these white matter tracts.

04/15/2008 02:37 PM

Cortical stimulation for the rehabilitation of patients with hemiparetic stroke: a multicenter feasibility study of safety and efficacy

Jiurnal of Neurosurgery April 2008 Volume 108, Number 4

In this prospective multicenter study the authors hypothesized that investigational epidural cortical stimulation (CS) delivered concurrently with rehabilitation therapy may enhance motor recovery following stroke.

04/15/2008 02:37 PM

Seizure clustering during drug treatment affects seizure outcome and mortality of childhood-onset epilepsy

Brain 2008 131(4):938-944

To provide evidence of whether seizure clustering is associated with drug resistance and increased mortality in childhood-onset epilepsy, a prospective, long-term population-based study was performed.

04/15/2008 02:35 PM

High-frequency oscillations in human temporal lobe: simultaneous microwire and clinical macroelectrode recordings

Brain 2008 131(4):928-937

Neuronal oscillations span a wide range of spatial and temporal scales that extend beyond traditional clinical EEG. Recent research suggests that high-frequency oscillations (HFO), in the ripple (80–250 Hz) and fast ripple (250-1000 Hz) frequency range, may be signatures of epileptogenic brain and involved in the generation of seizures.

04/15/2008 02:33 PM

Reduced incidence of ischemic stroke in patients with severe factor XI deficiency

Blood, 15 April 2008, Vol. 111, No. 8, pp. 4113-4117

Inherited disorders of hemostasis are natural models for investigating mechanisms of thrombosis and development of antithrombotic therapy.

04/15/2008 02:32 PM

Epilepsy and mental retardation limited to females: an under-recognized disorder

Brain 2008 131(4):918-927

Epilepsy and Mental Retardation limited to Females (EFMR) which links to Xq22 has been reported in only one family. We aimed to determine if there was a distinctive phenotype that would enhance recognition of this disorder. We ascertained four unrelated families (two Australian, two Israeli) where seizures in females were transmitted through carrier males. Detailed clinical assessment was performed on 58 individuals, using a validated seizure questionnaire, neurological examination and review of EEG and imaging studies.

04/15/2008 02:31 PM

Predicting Long-Term Outcome After Acute Ischemic Stroke. A Simple Index Works in Patients From Controlled Clinical Trials

Stroke doi: 10.1161/STROKEAHA.107.505867

An early and reliable prognosis for recovery in stroke patients is important for initiation of individual treatment and for informing patients and relatives. We recently developed and validated models for predicting survival and functional independence within 3 months after acute stroke, based on age and the National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale score assessed within 6 hours after stroke.

04/15/2008 02:30 PM

Psychometric properties of Bengali version of QOLIE-10 in epileptic patients

Annals of Indian Academy of Neurology Year : 2008 Volume : 11 Issue : 1 Page : 28-32

Assessment of Quality of Life in Epilepsy has currently been emphasized to provide comprehensive care to patients.

04/15/2008 02:29 PM

Lipid peroxidation in women with epilepsy

Annals of Indian Academy of Neurology Year : 2008 Volume : 11 Issue : 1 Page : 44-46

Lipid peroxidation is an indicator of free radical metabolism and oxidative stress in human beings and other organisms. Malondialdehyde (MDA), an end product of lipid peroxidation, is a metabolite that can be readily estimated in serum samples. Excess oxidative stress may be a final common pathway through which anti epileptic drugs may exert their teratogenic potential in pregnant women with epilepsy.

04/15/2008 02:26 PM

Childhood epilepsy: Management in resource-limited setting

Annals of Indian Academy of Neurology Year : 2008 Volume : 11 Issue : 1 Page : 33-36

To optimize the use of phenobarbital and/or phenytoin as frontline drugs for treatment of childhood epilepsy.

04/15/2008 02:25 PM

Chiari Malformations and Spinal Cord Injuries

Journal of Neurosurgery Pediatrics April 2008 Volume 1, Number 4

Occasional case reports have suggested an increased risk of cervical spinal cord injuries (SCIs) in individuals with Chiari malformations. The degree of this additional risk has never been quantified, leading to vastly different counseling to families about the need to restrict activities in children with otherwise asymptomatic Chiari malformations.

04/15/2008 02:25 PM

High-resolution, dual-platform aCGH analysis reveals frequent HIPK2 amplification and increased expression in pilocytic astrocytomas

Oncogene 14 April 2008

Pilocytic astrocytomas (PAs, WHO grade I) are the most common brain tumors in the pediatric and adolescent population, accounting for approximately one-fifth of central nervous system tumors.

04/15/2008 02:23 PM

Mental practice-based rehabilitation training to improve arm function and daily activity performance in stroke patients: a randomized clinical trial

BMC Neurology 2008, 8:7

Over 50% of patients with upper limb paresis resulting from stroke face long-term impaired arm function and ensuing disability in daily life. Unfortunately, the number of effective treatments aimed at improving arm function due to stroke is still low. This study aims to evaluate a new therapy for improving arm function in sub-acute stroke patients based on mental practice theories and functional task-oriented training, and to study the predictors for a positive treatment result.

04/15/2008 02:22 PM

Low-grade fibromyxoid sarcoma of intracranial origin

Journal of Neurosurgery April 2008 Volume 108, Number 4

The authors report on a 21-year-old man who presented with a low-grade fibromyxoid sarcoma primarily located in the right parietal lobe with diffuse infiltration. The low-grade fibromyxoid sarcoma is a rare sarcoma of the deep soft tissue that is characterized as an indolent but metastasizing soft-tissue neoplasm with a deceptively benign histological appearance.

04/15/2008 02:21 PM

Bilateral malignant melanoma metastases to the internal auditory canal/cerebellopontine angle: surgical management and preservation of function

Journal of Neurosurgery April 2008 Volume 108, Number 4

Although intracranial metastases of malignant melanomas are common, localization at the cerebellopontine angle (CPA) or in the internal auditory canal (IAC) is rare, and bilateral presentation especially so. We present the case of a 46-year-old Caucasian woman with bilateral IAC/CPA lesions and a prior history of malignant melanoma on the right leg. During preoperative investigations, the presence of the bilateral IAC/CPA lesions along with several radiologically identified lesions along the neural axis led to the suspicion that she had neurofibromatosis Type 2 despite her history of malignant melanoma and the lack of characteristic skin lesions and family history.

04/15/2008 02:20 PM

A distinct phenotypic change in gliomas at the time of magnetic resonance imaging detection

Journal of Neurosurgery April 2008 Volume 108, Number 4

Although gliomas remain refractory to treatment, it is not clear whether this characteristic is fixed at the time of its origin or develops later. The authors have been using a model of neurocarcinogenesis to determine whether a time exists during a glioma's evolution during which it is detectable but still curable, thus providing a justification for exploring the clinical merits of an early detection and treatment strategy. The authors recently reported the presence of 2 distinct cellular subsets, 1 expressing nestin and the other both glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) and osteopontin (OPN), within all examined gliomas that developed after in utero exposure to ethylnitrosourea.

04/15/2008 02:19 PM

Congenital Brain Tumors: Case Series and Review of the Literature

Journal of Pediatric Hematology/Oncology. 30(4):326-331, April 2008

Congenital brain tumors are rare and make up only 2% of all pediatric central nervous system tumors. We present 12 cases of congenital brain tumors of various histopathologies. Most of these tumors were of astrocytic lineage.

04/15/2008 02:18 PM

Adherence to a DASH-Style Diet and Risk of Coronary Heart Disease and Stroke in Women

Arch Intern Med. 2008;168(7):713-720

The Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension (DASH) diet has been shown to lower blood pressure, but little is known about its long-term effect on cardiovascular end points. Our objective was to assess the association between a DASH-style diet adherence score and risk of coronary heart disease (CHD) and stroke in women.

04/15/2008 02:15 PM

Recanalization of an Acute Middle Cerebral Artery Occlusion Using a Self-Expanding, Reconstrainable, Intracranial Microstent as a Temporary Endovascular Bypass

Stroke doi: 10.1161/STROKEAHA.107.506212

Although self-expanding intracranial microstents have been used to treat acute middle cerebral artery (MCA) stroke, there are disadvantages associated with placing a permanent endovascular implant. We describe a technique in which a reconstrainable stent was used to provide a temporary endovascular bypass to achieve MCA recanalization without permanent stent implantation.

04/15/2008 02:14 PM

Sexual function in men with epilepsy - How important is testosterone?

NEUROLOGY 2008;70:1346-1352

To ascertain the effects on sexual function of men with epilepsy (MWE) of testosterone levels and indices of anxiety and depression.

04/15/2008 02:13 PM

Right Brain: The disentanglement

NEUROLOGY 2008;70:e55-56

She was sobbing. Her husband, eyes lowered, turned his head slowly in disapproving judgment. With his tan-colored hat affixed tightly to his tan-colored head, he slouched further in his seat. David, also slouched on the patient table, seemed completely uninterested in the parental affair. He had his own tension. Head bowed, he desperately clutched his flexed right hand with his left. This was my first visit. These were the Almadys.

04/15/2008 02:11 PM

PARK9-LINKED PARKINSONISM IN EASTERN ASIA: MUTATION DETECTION IN ATP13A2 AND CLINICAL PHENOTYPE

Neurology.2008; 70: 1491-1493

04/15/2008 02:10 PM

Complicated autosomal recessive hereditary spastic paraplegia: A complex picture is emerging

Neurology.2008; 70: 1375-1376

04/15/2008 02:09 PM

Emerging Subspecialties: Neurorehabilitation

NEUROLOGY 2008;70:e52-54

If not newly emerging, the subspecialty of neurorehabilitation is definitely burgeoning, and neurology trainees may not be aware of the exciting career opportunities within the field. The contemporary neurology resident is trained in a discipline that has changed dramatically in the last two decades.

04/15/2008 02:08 PM

BRAIN FICTION: SELF-DECEPTION AND THE RIDDLE OF CONFABULATION

Neurology.2008; 70: 1368-1369

04/15/2008 02:07 PM

APOE genotype, ethnicity, and the risk of cerebral hemorrhage

NEUROLOGY 2008;70:1322-1328

The apolipoprotein E (APOE) polymorphism is an established risk factor for intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) that is related to cerebral amyloid angiopathy in the white population. Among Asian populations, although ICH represents up to one third of all strokes and has high rates of mortality and morbidity, the role of the APOE polymorphism has not been well studied.

04/15/2008 02:06 PM

Use of antihypertensives and the risk of Parkinson disease

NEUROLOGY 2008;70:1438-1444

Recent studies related angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors and calcium channel blockers to possible neuroprotective effects. Little is known about neuroprotection of angiotensin II (AT II) antagonists or beta-blockers.

04/15/2008 02:06 PM

THALAMIC VO-COMPLEX VS PALLIDAL DEEP BRAIN STIMULATION FOR FOCAL HAND DYSTONIA

Neurology.2008; 70: 1500-1501

04/15/2008 02:05 PM

Study of a Swiss dopa-responsive dystonia family with a deletion in GCH1

NEUROLOGY 2008;70:1377-1383

To report the study of a multigenerational Swiss family with dopa-responsive dystonia (DRD).

04/15/2008 02:04 PM

Subthalamic nucleus stimulation modulates audiospinal reactions in Parkinson disease

NEUROLOGY 2008;70:1445-1451

Axial symptoms of Parkinson disease (PD) may result from dysfunctional basal ganglia–brainstem connections. In this study, we assessed whether modulation of basal ganglia activity by high-frequency stimulation of the subthalamic nucleus (STN-HFS) in PD had an impact on the brainstem-controlled startle system.

04/15/2008 02:03 PM

Statin use and the risk of Parkinson disease

NEUROLOGY 2008;70:1418-1422

To investigate associations between statin (3-hxydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-coenzyme A reductase inhibitor) use and Parkinson disease (PD).

04/15/2008 02:02 PM

SPG11 mutations are common in familial cases of complicated hereditary spastic paraplegia

NEUROLOGY 2008;70:1384-1389

Autosomal recessive hereditary spastic paraplegia (ARHSP) with thin corpus callosum (TCC) is a common form of complex hereditary spastic paraplegia. The genetic lesion underlying ARHSP-TCC was localized to chromosome 15q13-q15 and given the designation SPG11.

04/15/2008 02:01 PM

PSYCHOGENIC TREMOR OCCURRING AFTER DEEP BRAIN STIMULATION SURGERY FOR ESSENTIAL TREMOR

Neurology.2008; 70: 1498-1499

04/15/2008 02:01 PM

POSTMORTEM PROOF OF EFFECTIVENESS OF ZONA INCERTA STIMULATION IN PARKINSON DISEASE

Neurology.2008; 70: 1489-1490

04/15/2008 02:00 PM

Pathologic findings in prospectively ascertained essential tremor subjects

NEUROLOGY 2008;70:1452-1455

To assess pathologic changes in prospectively characterized subjects with essential tremor (ET).

04/15/2008 01:59 PM

Parkinson disease and risk of mortality

NEUROLOGY 2008;70:1423-1430

To evaluate the association between Parkinson disease (PD) and mortality after adjustment for comorbidities.

04/15/2008 01:58 PM

Midbrain iron content in early Parkinson disease

NEUROLOGY 2008;70:1411-1417

Parkinson disease (PD) is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder in which the major pathologic substrate is a loss of dopaminergic neurons from the lateral substantia nigra pars compacta (SNc). Our objective was to determine whether, in patients with early PD, SNc changes evident on MRI sequences sensitive to iron content corresponded anatomically to the pathologic changes reported previously, and to correlate these changes to the duration and severity of clinical manifestations of PD.

04/15/2008 01:57 PM

Metabolic abnormalities associated with mild cognitive impairment in Parkinson disease

NEUROLOGY 2008;70:1470-1477

To use 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) and PET to investigate changes in regional metabolism associated with mild cognitive impairment (MCI) in Parkinson disease (PD). Cognitive abnormalities are common in PD. However, little is known about the functional abnormalities that underlie the manifestations of MCI in this disorder.

04/15/2008 01:56 PM

Lrrk2 R1441C parkinsonism is clinically similar to sporadic Parkinson disease

NEUROLOGY 2008;70:1456-1460

Leucine-rich repeat kinase 2 (LRRK2) mutations are the most common cause of Parkinson disease (PD). Several dominantly inherited pathogenic substitutions have been identified in different domains of the Lrrk2 protein.

04/15/2008 01:55 PM

Globus pallidus dopamine and Parkinson motor subtypes

NEUROLOGY 2008;70:1403-1410

Patients with Parkinson disease (PD) may be akinetic/rigid, be tremor dominant, or have comparable severity of these motor symptoms (classic). The pathophysiologic basis of different PD phenotypes is unknown.

04/15/2008 01:54 PM

Effects of subthalamic nucleus stimulation and levodopa on freezing of gait in Parkinson disease

NEUROLOGY 2008;70:1431-1437

We studied the effects of subthalamic nucleus (STN) stimulation vs levodopa on freezing of gait (FOG) and gait impairments in a large consecutive series of patients with Parkinson disease with bilateral STN stimulation.

04/15/2008 01:52 PM

Cognitive impairments in multiple system atrophy MSA-C vs MSA-P

NEUROLOGY 2008;70:1390-1396

We evaluated comprehensive neuropsychological tests and regional brain blood flow to compare cognitive dysfunction between two types of multiple system atrophy: predominant cerebellar ataxia (MSA-C) and predominant parkinsonism (MSA-P).

04/15/2008 01:51 PM

{alpha}-Synuclein, pesticides, and Parkinson disease

NEUROLOGY 2008;70:1461-1469

Aggregation and fibrillization of the -synuclein protein (encoded by the SNCA gene) may represent key events in the pathogenesis of Parkinson disease (PD). Variability in the length of a dinucleotide repeat sequence (REP1) within the SNCA promoter confers susceptibility to sporadic PD. Pesticide exposures may also confer susceptibility to PD.

04/15/2008 01:50 PM

Risk of Parkinson Disease in Carriers of Parkin Mutations

Arch Neurol. 2008;65(4):467-474

To estimate the risk of Parkinson disease (PD) in individuals with mutations in the Parkin gene.

04/15/2008 01:49 PM

Rapid Eye Movement Sleep Disturbances in Huntington Disease

Arch Neurol. 2008;65(4):482-488

Sleep disorders including insomnia, movements during sleep, and daytime sleepiness are common but poorly studied in Huntington disease (HD).

04/15/2008 01:49 PM

Patients Homozygous and Heterozygous for SNCA Duplication in a Family With Parkinsonism and Dementia

Arch Neurol. 2008;65(4):514-519

Multiplication of the -synuclein gene (SNCA) (OMIM 163890) has been identified as a causative mutation in hereditary Parkinson disease or dementia with Lewy bodies.

04/15/2008 01:47 PM

Parietal Lobe Deficits in Frontotemporal Lobar Degeneration Caused by a Mutation in the Progranulin Gene

Arch Neurol. 2008;65(4):506-513

To describe the clinical, neuropsychologic, and radiologic features of a family with a C31LfsX35 mutation in the progranulin gene CCDS11483.1).

04/15/2008 01:47 PM

Glucose Homeostasis in Huntington Disease

Arch Neurol. 2008;65(4):476-480

Patients with Huntington disease (HD) develop diabetes mellitus more often than do matched healthy controls. Recent studies in neurodegenerative diseases suggested that insulin resistance constitutes a metabolic stressor that interacts with a preexisting neurobiological template to induce a given disorder.

04/15/2008 01:45 PM

Cryptogenic Epileptic Syndromes Related to SCN1A

Arch Neurol. 2008;65(4):489-494

To search for disease-causing mutations in SCN1A in patients with cryptogenic epileptic syndromes (ie, syndromes with an unknown cause).

04/15/2008 01:45 PM

Disruption of Sodium Bicarbonate Transporter SLC4A10 in a Patient With Complex Partial Epilepsy and Mental Retardation

Arch Neurol. 2008;65(4):550-553

To determine gene(s) disrupted in a patient with partial frontal lobe epilepsy and cognitive impairment with concomitant de novo balanced chromosomal translocation t(2;13)(q24;q31).

04/15/2008 01:44 PM

The Changing Face of Neural Stem Cell Therapy in Neurologic Diseases

Arch Neurol. 2008;65(4):452-456

New insights into the biology of neural stem cells (NSCs) have raised expectations for their use in the treatment of neurologic diseases. Originally, NSC transplantation was proposed as a means of replacing cells in central nervous system diseases that result in cell loss. However, recent data regarding their beneficial effects in various animal models of neurologic diseases indicate that transplanted NSCs may also attenuate deleterious inflammation, protect the central nervous system from degeneration, and enhance endogenous recovery processes.

04/15/2008 01:43 PM

Refining Frontotemporal Dementia With Parkinsonism Linked to Chromosome 17

Arch Neurol. 2008;65(4):460-464

Frontotemporal dementia with parkinsonism (FTDP) is a major neurodegenerative syndrome, particularly for those with symptoms beginning before age 65 years.

04/15/2008 01:42 PM

Serum Urate as a Predictor of Clinical and Radiographic Progression in Parkinson Disease

Arch Neurol. 2008;65(6)

To determine whether concentration of serum urate, a purine metabolite and potent antioxidant that has been linked to a reduced risk of Parkinson disease (PD), predicts prognosis in PD.

04/15/2008 01:41 PM

The effects of functional electrical stimulation leg cycle ergometry training on arterial compliance in individuals with spinal cord injury

Spinal Cord 15 April 2008

A prospective intervention of functional electrical stimulation leg cycle ergometry (FES-LCE) of four women with spinal cord injury (SCI).

04/15/2008 01:40 PM

The effect of extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy on the rat spinal cord

Spinal Cord 15 April 2008

To determine the effects of extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy (ESWL) on the rat spinal cord.

04/15/2008 01:39 PM

Effect of intrathecal papaverine on blood flow and secondary injury in injured cord

Spinal Cord 15 April 2008

Experimental laboratory investigations with a model of neurotrauma in Macaca rhesus.

04/15/2008 01:38 PM

C-Reactive protein in adults with chronic spinal cord injury: increased chronic inflammation in tetraplegia vs paraplegia

Spinal Cord 15 April 2008

In community-dwelling adults with chronic spinal cord injury (SCI), to (1) quantify C-reactive protein (CRP), a marker of inflammation and cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk; (2) determine factors associated with CRP.

04/11/2008 03:20 PM

SPG10 is a rare cause of spastic paraplegia in European families

Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery, and Psychiatry 2008;79:584-587

SPG10 is an autosomal dominant form of hereditary spastic paraplegia (HSP), which is caused by mutations in the neural kinesin heavy chain KIF5A gene, the neuronal motor of fast anterograde axonal transport. Only four mutations have been identified to date.

04/11/2008 03:19 PM

Shoulder pain and external rotation in spastic hemiplegia do not improve by injection of botulinum toxin A into the subscapular muscle

Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery, and Psychiatry 2008;79:581-583

To study the effect of botulinum toxin A in the subscapular muscle on shoulder pain and humerus external rotation.

04/11/2008 03:18 PM

Intravenous levetiracetam in the treatment of benzodiazepine refractory status epilepticus

Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery, and Psychiatry 2008;79:588-589

In 2006, levetiracetam was approved as the first of the newer anticonvulsive drugs as an intravenous formulation (ivLEV) for patients with epileptic seizures who are unable to take oral medication.

04/11/2008 03:17 PM

Combined EEG-fMRI and tractography to visualise propagation of epileptic activity

Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery, and Psychiatry 2008;79:594-597

In a patient with refractory temporal lobe epilepsy, EEG-fMRI showed activation in association with left anterior temporal interictal discharges, in the left temporal, parietal and occipital lobes. Dynamic causal modelling suggested propagation of neural activity from the temporal focus to the area of occipital activation.

04/11/2008 03:17 PM

Call-Fleming syndrome associated with subarachnoid haemorrhage: three new cases

Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery, and Psychiatry 2008;79:602-605

The Call-Fleming syndrome (CFS) comprises acute severe recurrent (thunderclap) headaches, occasional transient or fluctuating neurological abnormalities and reversible segmental cerebral vasoconstriction.

04/11/2008 03:15 PM

Brain networks of spatial awareness: evidence from diffusion tensor imaging tractography

Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery, and Psychiatry 2008;79:598-601

Left unilateral neglect, a dramatic condition which impairs awareness of left-sided events, has been classically reported after right hemisphere cortical lesions involving the inferior parietal region.

04/11/2008 03:15 PM

White matter functional connectivity as an additional landmark for dominant temporal lobectomy

Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery, and Psychiatry 2008;79:492-495

Dominant temporal lobectomy is classically performed based on two criteria: a perfect knowledge of the temporo-mesial microsurgical anatomy and cortical landmarks laterally. However, the functional anatomy of the subcortical white matter tracts is taken into account less, despite the risk of inducing a permanent deficit (especially aphasia) if damaged.

04/11/2008 03:13 PM

Variability in language recovery after first-time stroke

Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery, and Psychiatry 2008;79:530-534

Predicting aphasia recovery after stroke has been difficult due to substantial variability in outcomes. Few studies have characterised the nature and extent of recovery, beginning with baselines at 24-72 hours after stroke onset.

04/11/2008 03:12 PM

Reliability of aortic MRI at 3 Tesla in patients with acute cryptogenic stroke

Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery, and Psychiatry 2008;79:540-546

To evaluate a new three dimensional (3D) MRI protocol for the reliable detection of aortic high risk plaques compared with transoesophageal echocardiography (TOE) and to test the reliability of additional MRI in stroke of undetermined aetiology.

04/11/2008 03:10 PM

Induction of parkinsonian resting tremor by stimulation of the caudal zona incerta nucleus: a clinical study

Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery, and Psychiatry 2008;79:514-521

We hypothesise that parkinsonian tremor arises when the caudal zona incerta (cZI) and subthalamic nucleus (STN) are deprived of dopamine and become increasingly responsive to motor cortical {alpha} and {beta} frequency oscillations.

04/11/2008 03:09 PM

Electroclinical and imaging findings in ulegyria and epilepsy: a study on 25 patients

Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery, and Psychiatry 2008;79:547-552

Ulegyria refers to cerebral cortex scarring, which results from a perinatal ischaemic brain injury. It presents with a characteristic gyral pattern: small circumvolutions with atrophy at sulci bottom and spared apex. Ulegyria is frequently associated with epilepsy, cerebral palsy and mental disability. We analysed electroclinical and MRI features in patients with ulegyria and epilepsy.

04/11/2008 03:08 PM

Effects of subthalamic deep brain stimulation on dysarthrophonia in Parkinson's disease

Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery, and Psychiatry 2008;79:522-529

Motor deficits in Parkinson's disease (PD) are reduced by deep brain stimulation (DBS) of the subthalamic nucleus (STN), but the impact of this therapy on dysarthrophonic problems in PD remains controversial. We therefore aimed to disentangle the effects of STN DBS on the speech skills of long-term treated patients.

04/11/2008 03:06 PM

Mental practice-based rehabilitation training to improve arm function and daily activity performance in stroke patients: a randomized clinical trial

04/11/2008 03:05 PM

Early seizures in patients with acute stroke: Frequency, predictive factors, and effect on clinical outcome

Vascular Health and Risk Management ON-LINE EARLY

Early seizure (ES) may complicate the clinical course of patients with acute stroke. The aim of this study was to assess the rate of and the predictive factors for ES as well the effects of ES on the clinical outcome at hospital discharge in patients with first-ever stroke.

04/11/2008 03:04 PM

Injury Severity Differentially Affects Short- and Long-Term Neuroendocrine Outcomes of Traumatic Brain Injury

Journal of Neurotrauma. April 1, 2008, 25(4): 311-323

Having reported that traumatic brain injury (TBI), produced by moderate lateral controlled cortical impact (CCI), causes long-term dysregulation of the neuroendocrine stress response, the aim of this study was to assess short- and long-term effects of both moderate and mild CCI on stress-induced hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) function.

04/11/2008 03:02 PM

Characterizing the Dose-Response Relationship between Mannitol and Intracranial Pressure in Traumatic Brain Injury Patients Using a High-Frequency Physiological Data Collection System

Journal of Neurotrauma. April 1, 2008, 25(4): 291-298

Despite the widespread use of mannitol to treat elevated intracranial pressure (ICP), there is no consensus regarding the optimal dosage. The objective of this study was to retrospectively characterize the dose-response relationship between mannitol and ICP using data collected with a continuous high-frequency physiological data collection system.

04/11/2008 03:01 PM

Characterization of Numb expression in astrocytomas

Neuropathology doi:10.1111/j.1440-1789.2008.00907.x

During early neurodevelopment, asymmetric segregation of Numb in mitotic progenitor cells influences the fate of daughter cells, whereby one daughter retains the progenitor phenotype while the other proceeds along a differentiation pathway.

04/11/2008 03:00 PM

Multilobar Multiple Subpial Transections for Intractable Epilepsy in Children

Journal of Neurosurgery Pediatrics April 2008 Volume 1, Number 4

There is a subset of children with bilateral independent seizure foci who are especially difficult to treat. These refractory children often have difficult to treat epilepsy syndromes and are best managed at a comprehensive epilepsy center. They have often failed multiple medications, vagus nerve stimulation, and callosotomy. They are not candidates for focal resective surgery.

04/11/2008 02:59 PM

Genetic characteristics of serogroup A meningococci circulating in China, 1956-2005

Clinical Microbiology and Infection doi:10.1111/j.1469-0691.2008.01977.x

Neisseria meningitidis serogroup A accounted for 95% of cases of meningococcal disease in China during the last century. To understand the circulation of these organisms in China over a 50-year period, 275 serogroup A meningococcal isolates collected between 1956 and 2005 were characterised by multilocus sequence typing (MLST) and PorA typing. In total, 44 sequence types (STs), belonging to five hyperinvasive lineages, and ten singletons were identified in this collection.

04/11/2008 02:58 PM

Renal cell carcinoma marker reliably discriminates central nervous system haemangioblastoma from brain metastases of renal cell carcinoma

Histopathology doi:10.1111/j.1365-2559.2008.03003.x

The distinction between central nervous system (CNS) metastases of clear cell renal cell carcinoma (RCC) and CNS haemangioblastoma still poses a challenge to the pathologist.

04/11/2008 02:57 PM

Optimizing Long-Term Therapy for Parkinson Disease: Options for Treatment-Associated Dyskinesia

Clinical Neuropharmacology. 31(2):120-125, March/April 2008

There is currently no satisfactory treatment for dyskinesia in patients with Parkinson disease because most antidyskinetic strategies have the effect of aggravating Parkinsonian symptoms, and most pharmacological strategies for reducing "off" periods have increased dyskinesia as a treatment complication.

04/11/2008 02:56 PM

Enteral Levodopa/Carbidopa Infusion in Advanced Parkinson Disease: Long-term Exposure

Clinical Neuropharmacology. 31(2):63-73, March/April 2008

In patients with advanced Parkinson disease, levodopa/carbidopa formulated as a gel suspension (Duodopa) permits continuous delivery into the small intestine using a portable pump, resulting in less variability in levodopa concentrations and fewer motor fluctuations and dyskinesias than with oral levodopa administration. This is a retrospective analysis of the long-term clinical experience with this agent.

04/11/2008 02:55 PM

Perfusion Imaging of Brain Tumors Using Arterial Spin-Labeling: Correlation with Histopathologic Vascular Density

American Journal of Neuroradiology 29:688-693, April 2008

We investigated the relationship between tumor blood-flow measurement based on perfusion imaging by arterial spin-labeling (ASL-PI) and histopathologic findings in brain tumors.

04/11/2008 02:54 PM

Transluminal Angioplasty and Stenting for Intracranial Vertebrobasilar Occlusive Lesions in Acute Stroke Patients

American Journal of Neuroradiology 29:773-780, April 2008

The clinical outcome is often poor in acute stroke patients with a serious neurological status due to occlusive lesions of the intracranial vertebral and/or basilar artery (IVBA). The purpose of this study was to investigate retrospectively the clinical features and outcome of acute stroke patients who underwent transluminal angioplasty and/or stenting (TAS) for occlusive lesions of the IVBA and to clarify the prerequisites for improvement of outcome.

04/11/2008 02:53 PM

PHACES Association: A Neuroradiologic Review of 17 Patients

American Journal of Neuroradiology 29:807-813, April 2008

We present neuroradiologic findings in 17 patients with posterior fossa malformations, hemangiomas, arterial anomalies, cardiac defects, eye abnormalities, and sternal or ventral defects (PHACES) association and identify those at highest risk of central nervous system (CNS) structural, cerebrovascular, and neurodevelopmental abnormalities.

04/11/2008 02:53 PM

Outcomes of Ruptured Intracranial Aneurysms Treated by Microsurgical Clipping and Endovascular Coiling in a High-Volume Center

American Journal of Neuroradiology 29:753-759, April 2008

The purpose of this study was to analyze the 3-month outcomes of patients with aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) treated from January 2005 to June 2006. This paper describes the outcomes after treatment of aneurysmal SAH and comparison between patients treated by clipping or coiling in a high volume center.

04/11/2008 02:52 PM

Nonhelical Acquisition CT Angiogram after Aneurysmal Clipping: In Vitro Testing Shows Diminished Artifact

American Journal of Neuroradiology 29:660-662, April 2008

Imaging of the cerebral vessels with use of CT angiogram (CTA) after placement of aneurysmal clips is often limited by clip artifacts. We used a phantom to demonstrate a visible reduction in metal artifact when using the axial technique, compared with the usual CTA helical acquisition. This approach may have some advantage when used for CTA with 64-section scanners in the specific circumstance of immediate postoperative imaging after placement of cerebral aneurysmal clips.

04/11/2008 02:51 PM

MR T1-Weighted Inversion Recovery Imaging in Detecting Brain Metastases: Could It Replace T1-Weighted Spin-Echo Imaging?

American Journal of Neuroradiology 29:701-704, April 2008

T1-weighted inversion recovery (T1IR) imaging demonstrates higher brain tissue contrast and is more sensitive to contrast enhancement than T1-weighted spin-echo (T1SE) imaging. However, the effectiveness of the 2 imaging sequences in detecting brain metastases has not been studied. The objective of this report was to determine which sequence should be used for detecting brain metastases by comparing the effectiveness of T1IR imaging with that of T1SE imaging.

04/11/2008 02:50 PM

Intracranial Stenting of Severe Symptomatic Intracranial Stenosis: Results of 100 Consecutive Patients

American Journal of Neuroradiology 29:781-785, April 2008

There are a few reports regarding the outcome evaluation of balloon-expandable intracranial stent placement (BEICS). The purpose of our study was to evaluate the outcome and factors related to the adverse events (AEs) of BEICS.

04/11/2008 02:49 PM

Experimental Study of Intracranial Hematoma Detection with Flat Panel Detector C-Arm CT

American Journal of Neuroradiology 29:766-772, April 2008

Intracranial hemorrhage is a commonly acknowledged complication of interventional neuroradiology procedures, and the ability to image hemorrhage at the time of the procedure would be very beneficial. A new C-arm system with 3D functionality extends the capability of C-arm imaging to include soft-tissue applications by facilitating the detection of low-contrast objects. We evaluated its ability to detect small intracranial hematomas in a swine model.

04/11/2008 02:48 PM

Activated Src kinases interact with the N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor after neonatal brain ischemia

Annals of Neurology Published Online: 2 Apr 2008

Neonatal stroke is associated with the N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor (NMDAR)-mediated excitotoxic brain injury. Src family kinases (SFKs) are considered to be the molecular hub for NMDAR regulation. We determined the relationship between SFKs activation and NMDAR tyrosine phosphorylation after neonatal hypoxia-ischemia (HI) and investigated the neuroprotective potential of a selective SFKs inhibitor, PP2 (4-amino-5-(4-chlorophenyl)-7-(t-butyl) pyrazolo [3, 4-d] pyramidine), against neonatal brain ischemic injury.

04/11/2008 02:23 PM

Arteriovenous Shunt Visualization in Arteriovenous Malformations with Arterial Spin-Labeling MR Imaging

American Journal of Neuroradiology 29:681-687, April 2008

A reliable quantitative technique for measuring arteriovenous (AV) shunt in vascular malformations is not currently available. Here, we evaluated the hypothesis that continuous arterial spin-labeled (CASL) perfusion MR imaging can be used to detect and measure AV shunt in patients with arteriovenous malformations (AVMs).

04/11/2008 02:22 PM

A Whole-Brain Analysis in De Novo Parkinson Disease

American Journal of Neuroradiology 29:674-680, April 2008

Widespread cerebral changes are observed in advanced stages of Parkinson disease (PD), suggesting that PD is a multisystem disorder. We investigated with MR imaging whether global brain changes are present in early clinical stages of PD and correlated the findings with the type of clinical presentation.

04/11/2008 02:21 PM

A Serial Dilution Study of Gadolinium-Based MR Imaging Contrast Agents

American Journal of Neuroradiology 29:668-673, April 2008

With the approval of gadobenate dimeglumine, higher relaxivity MR contrast agents were introduced into the clinical environment, and multiple in vivo studies compared the efficacy and safety with the previously approved agents. An in vitro study was conducted to demonstrate differences between the various agents to confirm published values and for imaging-sequence optimization.

04/11/2008 02:20 PM

Epilepsy in a Young Adult Caused by L-2-Hydroxyglutaric Aciduria: A Case Report

Med Princ Pract 2008;17:258-261

To report the importance of a rare organic acid metabolic disorder, L-2-hydroxyglutaric aciduria, and its characteristic neuroimaging cerebral white matter abnormalities in a case of epilepsy.

04/11/2008 02:19 PM

In-hospital direct cost of acute ischemic and hemorrhagic stroke in Greece

Acta Neurologica Scandinavica doi:10.1111/j.1600-0404.2008.01014.x

The geographic inequity and the wide variation in the patterns of care of stroke found across Europe together with the lack of health economics evaluation in Greece led to this prospective study, aiming to provide data on in-hospital direct cost of patients with an acute stroke in Greece, and to identify independent prognostic factors.

04/11/2008 02:19 PM

Vestibular, saccadic and fixation abnormalities in genetically confirmed Friedreich ataxia

Brain 2008 131(4):1035-1045

Friedreich ataxia (FRDA), the commonest of the inherited ataxias, is a multisystem neurodegenerative condition that affects ocular motor function.

04/11/2008 02:18 PM

Unilateral vestibular failure suppresses cortical visual motion processing

Brain 2008 131(4):1025-1034

Patients with unilateral vestibular failure (UVF) experience oscillopsia (apparent motion of the visual scene) during rapid head movements due to increased retinal slip caused by vestibulo-ocular reflex impairment.

04/11/2008 02:17 PM

Thrombin receptor PAR-1 on myelin at the node of Ranvier: a new anatomy and physiology of conduction block

Brain 2008 131(4):1113-1122

Inflammatory demyelinating diseases of peripheral nerves are associated with altered nerve conduction and with activation of the coagulation pathway.

04/11/2008 02:15 PM

Paroxysmal hemicrania: a prospective clinical study of 31 cases

Brain 2008 131(4):1142-1155

Paroxysmal hemicrania is a rare syndrome characterized by repeated attacks of strictly unilateral, severe, short-lasting pain occurring with cranial autonomic features.

04/11/2008 01:54 PM

Neonate hippocampal volumes: Prematurity, perinatal predictors, and 2-year outcome

Annals of Neurology Published Online: 2 Apr 2008

To compare preterm (PT) and full-term (FT) infant hippocampal volumes and to investigate the relations among PT hippocampal volume, perinatal risk factors, and neurodevelopmental outcome.

04/11/2008 01:53 PM

Encephalopathy with combined lithium-risperidone administration

Acta Psychiatrica Scandinavica, Volume 117, Number 5, May 2008 , pp. 394-395(2)

Lithium-neuroleptics induced encephalopathy is a rare drug interaction. Here I am reporting a patient who developed reversible encepatholopathy with lithium-risperidone combination.

04/11/2008 01:52 PM

Ischemic Stroke Related to Anabolic Abuse

Clinical Neuropharmacology. 31(2):80-85, March/April 2008

Anabolic-androgenic steroid (AAS) abuse increased in recent years, and it is associated with numerous adverse effects. Few reports on ischemic stroke related to anabolic steroid abuse have been published.

04/11/2008 01:52 PM

Language processing within the striatum: evidence from a PET correlation study in Huntington's disease

Brain 2008 131(4):1046-1056

The role of sub-cortical structures in language processing, and more specifically of the striatum, remains controversial. In line with psycholinguistic models stating that language processing implies both the recovery of lexical information and the application of combinatorial rules, the striatum has been claimed to be involved either in the former component or in the latter.

04/11/2008 01:49 PM

Cerebral cortex and the clinical expression of Huntington's disease: complexity and heterogeneity

Brain 2008 131(4):1057-1068

The clinical phenotype of Huntington's disease (HD) is far more complex and variable than depictions of it as a progressive movement disorder dominated by neostriatal pathology represent.

04/11/2008 01:46 PM

A second chance: Recovering language with aphasia

International Journal of Speech-Language Pathology, Volume 10, Issue 3 2008 , pages 127 - 131

Dr Christopher Green is a well-known paediatrician and parenting author, who appeared frequently on Australian radio and television and lectured in Australia and many countries around the world. In 1999, Dr Green had a stroke which left him with aphasia and ended his career. After the death of his wife in 2004, Dr Green used exercise and the goal of writing again to lift himself out of his grief. With the help of a gifted editor, he wrote a new edition of his best-selling book Toddler Taming (Green, 2006), and in the process recovered much of his language. Dr Green is the Patron of the Australian Aphasia Association, and has in recent years returned to public speaking. In this address, he shares his message that the language gains made with aphasia may occur over decades, not merely one or two years.

04/10/2008 02:37 PM

Implementation of a stroke thrombolysis service within a tertiary neurosciences centre in the United Kingdom

QJM 2008 101(4):291-298

Intravenous alteplase is licensed for treatment of ischaemic stroke within 3 h of onset. Up to one-third of patients in the UK present to hospital within this time window but few are treated.

04/10/2008 02:36 PM

Suprasellar Malignant Germ Cell Tumors In Children

Journal of Neurosurgery pediatrics April 2008 Volume 1, Number 4

The suprasellar location is the second common site for germ cell tumors during childhood consisting of 30 to 40% of cases. They are rare and present with diabetes insipidus (DI) and visual symptoms. We review our personal series of suprasellar malignant germ cell tumor (SMGCT) to define optimum therapy.

04/10/2008 02:34 PM

Pediatric Neurosurgical Service Needs for Congenital Hydrocephalus and Spina Bifida in Canada: 2001-2005

Journal of Neurosurgery Pediatrics April 2008 Volume 1, Number 4

The number of newborns needing pediatric neuro-surgical interventions has been changing in Canada over the past decade. This paper describes the population-adjusted rates for newborns with various forms of hydrocephalus and for spina bifida cared for by the health care system in English Canada during the period of 2001-2005.

04/10/2008 02:33 PM

The sodium pump could constitute a new target to combat glioblastomas

Bulletin du Cancer. Volume 95, Number 3, 271-81, mars 2008, Synthèse

Malignant gliomas of which glioblastomas represent the ultimate grade of malignancy are characterized by dismal prognoses because malignant glioma cells present both important proliferation and neoangiogenesis processes and can actively migrate through the narrow extra-cellular spaces in the brain, often travelling relatively long distances, making them elusive targets for effective surgical management. Invasive malignant glioma cells show a decrease in their proliferation rates and a relative resistance to apoptosis (type I programmed cell death) as compared to the highly cellular centre of the tumour, and this may contribute to their resistance to conventional proapoptotic chemotherapy and radiotherapy.

04/10/2008 02:32 PM

Guglielmi detachable coil embolization of acute intracranial aneurysm: perioperative anatomical and clinical outcome in 403 patients

Journal of Neurosurgery April 2008 Volume 108, Number 4

From December 1990 to July 1995, the investigators participated in a prospective clinical study to evaluate the safety of the Guglielmi detachable coil (GDC) system for the treatment of aneurysms. This report summarizes the perioperative results from eight initial interventional neuroradiology centers in the United States. The report focuses on 403 patients who presented with acute subarachnoid hemorrhage from a ruptured intracranial aneurysm. These patients were treated within 15 days of the primary intracranial hemorrhage and were followed until they were discharged from the hospital or died.

04/10/2008 02:31 PM

Aggressive blood pressure control and stroke prevention: role of calcium channel blockers

Journal of Hypertension. 26(5):844-852, May 2008

Cerebrovascular disease is a major cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide and its prevalence is expected to increase as a result of projected demographic trends. Stroke is one of the leading causes of disability and death of over 30 million people each year worldwide. Hypertension is the most important modifiable risk factor for stroke. Recent data indicate that treatment with antihypertensive drugs reduces the incidence of all strokes in men (by 34%), women (by 38%), the elderly (by 36%), including those older than 80 years (by 34%), younger persons, those with systolic and diastolic hypertension, persons with isolated systolic hypertension, and those with a history of stroke or transient ischemic attack (by 28%).

04/10/2008 02:30 PM

A fatal tick bite occurring during the course of tick-borne encephalitis vaccination

Pediatric Infectious Disease Journal. 27(4):363-365, April 2008

In Western Europe tick-borne encephalitis virus infections with fatal outcome are rare, especially in children. We report the case of an adolescent who died of meningoencephalitis after a tick bite that occurred between the first 2 tick-borne encephalitis vaccinations.

04/10/2008 02:28 PM

Pulmonary resection in patients with nonsmall-cell lung cancer treated with gamma-knife radiosurgery for synchronous brain metastases

Cancer Volume 112, Issue 8 , Pages 1780 - 1786

The aim of the current study was to determine whether a pulmonary resection and gamma-knife radiosurgery (GKRS) protocol is superior to GKRS alone in selected patients with stage IV nonsmall-cell lung cancer (NSCLC).

04/10/2008 02:27 PM

Status Epilepticus

Southern Medical Journal. 101(4):400-406, April 2008

Status epilepticus (SE) in adults is a state of continuous seizures lasting more than 5 minutes, or rapidly recurrent seizures without regaining consciousness.

04/10/2008 02:26 PM

Vagus Nerve Stimulation for Generalized Epilepsy?-Show Me the Evidence!

Epilepsy Currents Volume 8 Issue 2 Page 35-36, March/April 2008

The value of vagus nerve stimulation (VNS) for treating patients with drug-resistant idiopathic generalized epilepsy (IGE) is not well documented.

04/10/2008 02:25 PM

The Ups and Downs of Hippocampal Metabotropic Glutamate Receptors: Ramifications for Epileptogenesis and Cognitive Impairment Following Status Epilepticus

Epilepsy Currents Volume 8 Issue 2 Page 43-45, March/April 2008

Synaptic plasticity is thought to be a key mechanism of information storage in the CNS. Different forms of synaptic long-term potentiation have been shown to be impaired in neurological disorders.

04/10/2008 02:24 PM

Multiple Auras: Not an Ominous Sign for Epilepsy Surgery

Epilepsy Currents Volume 8 Issue 2 Page 39-40, March/April 2008

atients with partial epilepsy may report multiple types of aura during their seizures. The significance of the occurrence of multiple auras in the same patient is not known.

04/10/2008 02:23 PM

Epileptogenic Role of Astrocyte Dysfunction

Epilepsy Currents Volume 8 Issue 2 Page 46-47, March/April 2008

The current histopathological criteria of Rasmussen's encephalitis (RE) include the presence of T-cell-dominated inflammation, microglial activation, neuronal loss, and astrocytic activation.

04/10/2008 02:22 PM

The Common D302H Variant of CASP8 Is Associated with Risk of Glioma

Cancer Epidemiology Biomarkers & Prevention 17, 987-989, April 1, 2008

Caspase 8 (CASP8) is a key regulator of apoptosis or programmed cell death, and, hence, a defense against cancer.

04/10/2008 02:20 PM

Pediatric Neurosurgery in a Non-Academic City Hospital

Journal of Neurosurgery Pediatrics April 2008 Volume 1, Number 4

Creation of a pediatric neurosurgical service in the community has challenges unique from establishing such a service in an academic setting. I outline the challenges in creating a pediatric neurosurgical service within a large city-owned hospital. Critical equipment system-related and man-power issues were identified.

04/10/2008 02:19 PM

Arterial Spin-Labeled Magnetic Resonance Imaging in Hyperperfused Seizure Focus: A Case Report

Journal of Computer Assisted Tomography. 32(2):291-292, March/April 2008

We present a case of a clinically suspected cerebral infarction that was diagnosed as a seizure focus on pulsed arterial spin labeling. The finding of hyperperfusion with perfusion imaging significantly impacted clinical management of the patient.

04/10/2008 02:18 PM

Enhanced plasma levels of LIGHT in patients with acute atherothrombotic stroke

Acta Neurologica Scandinavica doi:10.1111/j.1600-0404.2008.01013.x

As a member of the tumor necrosis factor superfamily (TNFSF), LIGHT (TNFSF14) was recently found to be associated with platelets and released upon activation. Increased plasma l