| 05/08/2008
02:07 PM
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Association between stroke lesions and sexual dysfunction in men
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Nature Clinical Practice Urology (2008) 5, 234
Sexual dysfunction is a well-recognized problem in men with a history of stroke. Previous studies have assessed the association between sexual and erectile dysfunction in patients with cerebrovascular disease, but controversy persists over whether this link is organic or psychological.
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| 05/08/2008
02:00 PM
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Episomal amplification of MYCN in a case of medulloblastoma
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Virchows Archiv, Volume 452, Number 5, May 2008 , pp. 491-497(7)
Gene amplification, in the form of double minutes (dmin) and/or homogeneously staining regions (hsr), is frequently associated with tumor development.
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| 05/08/2008
01:59 PM
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Surgery and radiotherapy: complementary tools in the management of benign intracranial tumors
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Neurosurgical Focus May 2008 Volume 24, Number 5
Historically, radiation therapy has been used extensively in the treatment of malignant and aggressive intracranial tumors, and the importance of its role has been repeatedly verified by prolonged patient survival rates and increased tumor control.
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| 05/08/2008
01:58 PM
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Radiosurgery for hypothalamic hamartomas
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Neurosurgical Focus May 2008 Volume 24, Number 5
Radiosurgery plays an important role in the treatment of refractory seizures induced by hypothalamic hamartomas (HHs). These lesions, deeply located and surrounded by a delicate vascular and neuronal network, are often associated with catastrophic epilepsy leading to progressive cognitive and behavioral deterioration.
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| 05/08/2008
01:55 PM
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Radiation therapy and CyberKnife radiosurgery in the management of craniopharyngiomas
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Neurosurgical Focus May 2008 Volume 24, Number 5
Many benign intracranial tumors are amenable to radiotherapy treatment including meningiomas, schwannomas, pituitary tumors, and craniopharyngiomas. The authors present their experience in the treatment of craniopharyngiomas in 16 patients using frameless CyberKnife stereotactic radiosurgery (SRS).
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| 05/08/2008
01:54 PM
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Hitting a moving target: evolution of a treatment paradigm for atypical meningiomas amid changing diagnostic criteria
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Neurosurgical Focus May 2008 Volume 24, Number 5
The World Health Organization (WHO) reclassified atypical meningiomas in 2000, creating a more clear and broadly accepted definition. In this paper, the authors evaluated the pathological and clinical transition period for atypical meningiomas according to the implementation of the new WHO grading system at their institution.
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| 05/08/2008
01:53 PM
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Evaluation of the role of Gamma Knife surgery in the treatment of craniopharyngiomas
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Neurosurgical Focus May 2008 Volume 24, Number 5
The management of craniopharyngioma involves balancing adequate reduction in tumor volume and prevention of recurrence while minimizing damage to delicate surrounding structures. Because of the lesion's proximity to the optic chiasm and its relationship to the hypothalamic-pituitary axis, morbidity rates following treatment can be high.
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| 05/08/2008
01:52 PM
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Overexpression of Human S100B Exacerbates Brain Damage and Periinfarct Gliosis After Permanent Focal Ischemia
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Stroke doi: 10.1161/STROKEAHA.107.503821
We have previously demonstrated that augmented and prolonged activation of astrocytes detrimentally influences both the subacute and chronic phases of cerebral ischemia. Furthermore, we have suggested that the astrocyte-derived protein S100B may be important in these pathogenic events. However, the causal relationship between S100B and exacerbation of brain damage in vivo remains to be elucidated.
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| 05/08/2008
01:50 PM
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Double-Blind Randomized Treatment of Poststroke Depression Using Nefiracetam
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J Neuropsychiatry Clin Neurosci 20:178-184, May 2008
In preliminary trials, nefiracetam, a gamma aminobutyric compound, enhanced blood flow and improved mood following stroke. Within 3 months following stroke with major depression, 159 patients were enrolled in a double-blind trial of nefiracetam or placebo.
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| 05/08/2008
01:49 PM
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Podcast - Impairments of Consciousness Part One - Introduction to the States of Consciousness Including the Vegetative State
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Host: Gerry Brooks, MA, CCC, CBIST, Director of Brain Injury Programs, Northeast Center for Special Care
Guest: Nathan Zasler, MD, FAAPM&R, FAADEP, DAAPM, CIME, Medical Director, The Tree of Life Brain Injury Rehabilitation Center in Glen Allen, VA., Editor of the journal: "Brain Injury," and chairperson of the International Brain Injury Association.
Time: 32:25
Synopsis: Impairments of Consciousness and States of Consciousness Including the Vegetative State, is one that has been in the news over the past few years and one that has generated discussion not only with the public but also clinicians and professionals who specialize in treating brain injury. The question of individuals in a vegetative state was brought to the forefront with Terri Schaivo in 2005 and again recently with reports of enhanced arousal in some individuals in persistent vegetative states who had been given ambien.
Dr. Nathan Zasler discusses states of consciousness, coma, coma rating scales and gives an informative introduction to this topic.
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| 05/08/2008
01:49 PM
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Not All Stroke Units Are the Same. A Comparison of Physical Activity Patterns in Melbourne, Australia, and Trondheim, Norway
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Stroke doi: 10.1161/STROKEAHA.107.507160
Very early mobilization may be one of the most important factors contributing to the favorable outcome observed from a stroke unit in Trondheim, Norway. The aims of this study were to (1) describe and compare the pattern of physical activity of patients with stroke managed in a stroke unit with specified mobilization protocols (Trondheim) and those without in Melbourne, Australia; and (2) identify differences in activity according to stroke severity between the 2 sites.
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| 05/08/2008
01:48 PM
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Mapping Cerebrovascular Reactivity Using Blood Oxygen Level-Dependent MRI in Patients With Arterial Steno-occlusive Disease. Comparison With Arterial Spin Labeling MRI
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Stroke doi: 10.1161/STROKEAHA.107.506709
Blood oxygen level-dependent MRI (BOLD MRI) of hypercapnia-induced changes in cerebral blood flow is an emerging technique for mapping cerebrovascular reactivity (CVR). BOLD MRI signal reflects cerebral blood flow, but also depends on cerebral blood volume, cerebral metabolic rate, arterial oxygenation, and hematocrit.
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| 05/08/2008
01:47 PM
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Pten Haploinsufficiency Accelerates Formation of High-Grade Astrocytomas
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Cancer Research 68, 3286-3294, May 1, 2008
We previously reported that central nervous system (CNS) inactivation of Nf1 and p53 tumor suppressor genes in mice results in the development of low-grade to high-grade progressive astrocytomas. When the tumors achieve high grade, they are frequently accompanied by Akt activation, reminiscent of the frequent association of PTEN mutations in human high-grade glioma.
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| 05/08/2008
01:45 PM
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Correlation of Carotid Atheromatous Plaque Inflammation Using USPIO-Enhanced MR Imaging With Degree of Luminal Stenosis
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Stroke doi: 10.1161/STROKEAHA.107.504753
Inflammation is a recognized risk factor for the vulnerable atherosclerotic plaque. The study explores the relationship between the degree of Magnetic Resonance (MR)–defined inflammation using Ultra Small Super-Paramagnetic Iron Oxide (USPIO) particles and the severity of luminal stenosis in asymptomatic carotid plaques.
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| 05/08/2008
01:44 PM
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Selective Reduction of Blood Flow to White Matter During Hypercapnia Corresponds With Leukoaraiosis
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Stroke doi: 10.1161/STROKEAHA.107.501692
Age-related white matter disease (leukoaraiosis) clusters in bands in the centrum semiovale, about the occipital and frontal horns of the lateral ventricles, in the corpus callosum, and internal capsule.
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| 05/08/2008
01:44 PM
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Right-to-Left Shunt in CADASIL Patients. Prevalence and Correlation With Clinical and MRI Findings
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Stroke doi: 10.1161/STROKEAHA.107.506311
A high prevalence of right-to-left shunt (RLS) was described in a family of patients with CADASIL, a rare cerebral arteriopathy attributable to Notch3 gene mutations. The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of RLS in patients with CADASIL and possible relation to clinical phenotype and cerebral MRI lesion load.
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| 05/08/2008
01:43 PM
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Reperfusion Half-Life. A Novel Pharmacodynamic Measure of Thrombolytic Activity
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Stroke doi: 10.1161/STROKEAHA.107.510818
We hypothesized that the probability of reperfusion can be modeled by an exponential decay (ie, half-life) function and that this reperfusion half-life is decreased by thrombolytic treatment.
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| 05/08/2008
01:42 PM
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Reduction in the Recurrence of Stroke by Eicosapentaenoic Acid for Hypercholesterolemic Patients. Subanalysis of the JELIS Trial
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Stroke doi: 10.1161/STROKEAHA.107.509455
The JELIS trial examined the preventive effect of eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) against coronary artery diseases. Hypercholesterolemic patients received statin only (no EPA group: n=9319) or statin with EPA (EPA group: n=9326) for around 5 years. EPA significantly suppressed the incidence of coronary events in previous analysis. Herein, we investigated the effects of EPA on the primary and secondary prevention of stroke.
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| 05/08/2008
01:41 PM
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Pulse Pressure and Mean Arterial Pressure in Relation to Ischemic Stroke Among Patients With Uncontrolled Hypertension in Rural Areas of China
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Stroke doi: 10.1161/STROKEAHA.107.510677
Information has been sparse on the comparison of pulse pressure (PP) and mean arterial pressure (MAP) in relation to ischemic stroke among patients with uncontrolled hypertension. The present study examined the relation among PP, MAP, and ischemic stroke in uncontrolled hypertensive subjects in China.
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| 05/08/2008
01:40 PM
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Nascent Aneurysm Formation at the Basilar Terminus Induced by Hemodynamics
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Stroke doi: 10.1161/STROKEAHA.107.509422
Hemodynamic insults at arterial bifurcations are hypothesized to play a key role in intracranial aneurysm formation. This study investigates aneurysm-initiating vascular responses at the rabbit basilar terminus subsequent to common carotid artery ligation.
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| 05/08/2008
01:39 PM
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Impact of Comorbidities on Ischemic Stroke Outcomes in Women
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Stroke doi: 10.1161/STROKEAHA.107.509281
We assessed the association of prestroke comorbidities with long-term stroke outcomes among women with ischemic stroke.
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| 05/08/2008
01:38 PM
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Hyperdense Internal Carotid Artery Sign. A CT Sign of Acute Ischemia
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Stroke doi: 10.1161/STROKEAHA.107.505230
The hyperdense middle cerebral artery sign (HMCAS) is a well-established marker of early ischemia on noncontrast computed tomography of the brain (NCCT). Recently the MCA dot sign has been described and proposed to indicate thrombosis of the M2 or M3 middle cerebral artery branches.
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| 05/08/2008
01:37 PM
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Endothelial Progenitor Cell Research in Stroke. A Potential Shift in Pathophysiological and Therapeutical Concepts
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Stroke doi: 10.1161/STROKEAHA.107.507251
Stroke is the leading cause of disability in the Western world; however, few therapies are at hand to decrease this burden.
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| 05/08/2008
01:36 PM
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Depression as a Risk Factor for the Incidence of First-Ever Stroke in 85-Year-Olds
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Stroke doi: 10.1161/STROKEAHA.107.490797
Depression may increase the risk for stroke. Few studies have examined whether depression increases the risk for stroke in the very old and among the demented. We examined the relation between depression in 85-year-olds and the 3-year incidence of first-ever stroke.
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| 05/08/2008
01:35 PM
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Radiation-induced meningioma
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Neurosurgical Focus May 2008 Volume 24, Number 5
The long-term or delayed side effects of irradiation on neural tissue are now known to include the induction of new central nervous system neoplasms. However, during the first half of the 20th century, human neural tissue was generally considered relatively resistant to the carcinogenic and other ill effects of ionizing radiation.
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| 05/08/2008
01:34 PM
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The principles of skull base radiosurgery
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Neurosurgical Focus May 2008 Volume 24, Number 5
Stereotactic radiosurgery is commonly used for selected patients with benign cranial base tumors. The goal of radiosurgery is cessation of tumor growth and preservation of neurological function. Over the last 2 decades, the technique of radiosurgery has evolved due to improved imaging, better radiosurgical devices and software, and the continued analysis of results.
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| 05/08/2008
01:33 PM
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Website of the Month - 'Its Not Who I Am'
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Its Not Who I Am - a website created co-created by a 13-year old epilepsy survivor who is an advocate for public education of this condition and removing the sigma for other survivors.
Its Not Who I Am is a website that tells Sara-Elizabeth’s story. It is also an interactive site where other young people with epilepsy (as well as their siblings, family members, parents, and friends) can visit and learn about how to move beyond being "someone with epilepsy."
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| 05/08/2008
01:33 PM
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Autonomic Neural Control of the Cerebral Vasculature. Acute Hypotension
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Stroke doi: 10.1161/STROKEAHA.107.510008
The effect of antihypertensive drugs on autonomic neural control of the cerebral circulation remains unclear. This study was designed to compare middle cerebral artery mean blood velocity responses to acute hypotension with and without {alpha}1-adrenoreceptor blockade (Prazosin) in young, healthy humans.
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| 05/08/2008
01:31 PM
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Toxicity from chemoradiotherapy in older patients with glioblastoma multiforme
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Journal of Neuro-Oncology 0167-594X (Print) 10.1007/s11060-008-9593-6
Elderly patients have glioblastomas (GBM) that are aggressive and poorly responsive to treatment. They are also prone to the side effects of treatment of GBM. Methods To shed light on the treatment of elderly patients with GBM, we reviewed the treatment toxicities and survival of patients 65 years of age or older who were treated with chemoradiotherapy, which is the new standard of care for GBM in younger patients.
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| 05/08/2008
01:29 PM
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Selective cancer-germline gene expression in pediatric brain tumors
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Journal of Neuro-Oncology 0167-594X (Print) 10.1007/s11060-008-9577-6
Cancer-germline genes (CGGs) code for immunogenic antigens that are present in various human tumors and can be targeted by immunotherapy. Their expression has been studied in a wide range of human tumors in adults.
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| 05/08/2008
01:27 PM
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Multifocal glioblastoma multiforme with synchronous spontaneous hemorrhage: case report
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Journal of Neuro-Oncology 0167-594X (Print) 10.1007/s11060-008-9582-9
We report a 65 year old man who presented with left hemiparesis, and was found to have multiple, discrete, peripherally enhancing, hemorrhagic intra-axial masses in the right hemisphere of the brain.
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| 05/08/2008
01:26 PM
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Gene expression profile analysis of primary glioblastomas and non-neoplastic brain tissue: identification of potential target genes by oligonucleotide microarray and real-time quantitative PCR
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Journal of Neuro-Oncology 0167-594X (Print) 10.1007/s11060-008-9579-4
The prognosis of glioblastomas is still extremely poor and the discovery of novel molecular therapeutic targets can be important to optimize treatment strategies. Gene expression analyses comparing normal and neoplastic tissues have been used to identify genes associated with tumorigenesis and potential therapeutic targets.
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| 05/08/2008
01:24 PM
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Expression of cell adhesion proteins and proteins related to angiogenesis and fatty acid metabolism in benign, atypical, and anaplastic meningiomas
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Journal of Neuro-Oncology 0167-594X (Print) 10.1007/s11060-008-9588-3
Most meningiomas are benign tumours of arachnoidal origin, although a small number have high proliferative rates and invasive properties which complicate complete surgical resection and are associated with increased recurrence rates.
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| 05/08/2008
01:23 PM
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Cryptococcal meningitis in patients with glioma: a report of two cases
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Journal of Neuro-Oncology 0167-594X (Print) 10.1007/s11060-008-9581-x
We describe two patients with high-grade glioma undergoing treatment with corticosteroids and chemotherapy who presented with cryptococcal meningitis and sepsis.
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| 05/08/2008
01:22 PM
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Cerebellar anaplastic astrocytoma in a teenager with Ollier Disease
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Journal of Neuro-Oncology 0167-594X (Print) 10.1007/s11060-008-9583-8
Ollier Disease is a sporadic skeletal disorder with a predisposition to oncogenesis. It is estimated at around 1/100,000.
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| 05/08/2008
01:20 PM
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Brain metastases in breast cancer: clinical and pathologic characteristics associated with improvements in survival
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Journal of Neuro-Oncology 0167-594X (Print) 10.1007/s11060-008-9578-5
As breast cancer patients live longer with control of systemic disease, survival after the diagnosis of brain metastases (BM) also appears to be improving.
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| 05/08/2008
01:19 PM
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Blockage of the STAT3 signaling pathway with a decoy oligonucleotide suppresses growth of human malignant glioma cells
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Journal of Neuro-Oncology 0167-594X (Print) 10.1007/s11060-008-9590-9
Gliomas are the most common type of primary tumor in the human central nervous system. STAT3, a signal transducer and activator of transcription 3, is over expressed in gliomas. Its involvement in tumorgenesis can be attributed to its ability to induce cell proliferation and inhibit apoptosis.
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| 05/08/2008
01:18 PM
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BEHAB/brevican requires ADAMTS-mediated proteolytic cleavage to promote glioma invasion
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Journal of Neuro-Oncology 0167-594X (Print) 10.1007/s11060-008-9575-8
Malignant gliomas are the most common and deadly primary brain tumors, due to their infiltrative invasion of the normal neural tissue that makes them virtually impossible to completely eliminate.
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| 05/08/2008
01:17 PM
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An acidic environment changes cyclin D1 localization and alters colony forming ability in gliomas
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Journal of Neuro-Oncology 0167-594X (Print) 10.1007/s11060-008-9591-8
The human glioma cell lines, U87 and T98G, were evaluated for their ability to survive and form colonies in an acidic environment of pHext 6.0. In contrast to U87, which showed an 80-90% survival rate, only 40% of T98G cells survived 6 days at pHext 6.0 and lost their colony forming ability when returned to a normocidic environment.
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| 05/08/2008
01:15 PM
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Activities of DNA-PK and Ku86, but not Ku70, may predict sensitivity to cisplatin in human gliomas
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Journal of Neuro-Oncology 0167-594X (Print) 10.1007/s11060-008-9592-7
This study was designed to investigate the relationship between activities of DNA-dependent protein kinase (DNA-PK), its subunits Ku86/Ku70, and sensitivities to cisplatin in human glioma samples.
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| 05/08/2008
01:14 PM
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Prognostic Value of 18F-Fluoroethyl-L-Tyrosine PET and MRI in Small Nonspecific Incidental Brain Lesions
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Journal of Nuclear Medicine Vol. 49 No. 5 730-737
Nonspecific incidental brain lesions (NILs) are being detected more frequently because of an increasing number of screening or research MRI scans of the brain, and their natural course is uncertain.
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| 05/08/2008
01:07 PM
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Metabolic Imaging of Cerebral Gliomas: Spatial Correlation of Changes in O-(2-18F-Fluoroethyl)-L-Tyrosine PET and Proton Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopic Imaging
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Journal of Nuclear Medicine Vol. 49 No. 5 721-729
The aim of this study was to determine the spatial correlation of O-(2-18F-fluoroethyl)-L-tyrosine (18F-FET) uptake and the concentrations of choline (Cho), creatine (Cr), and total N-acetylaspartate (tNAA) determined with proton magnetic resonance spectroscopic imaging (1H MRSI) in cerebral gliomas for the multimodal evaluation of metabolic changes.
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| 05/08/2008
01:06 PM
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Use of preoperative functional MRI to predict verbal memory decline after temporal lobe epilepsy surgery
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Epilepsia doi:10.1111/j.1528-1167.2008.01625.x
Verbal memory decline is a frequent complication of left anterior temporal lobectomy (L-ATL). The goal of this study was to determine whether preoperative language mapping using functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) is useful for predicting which patients are likely to experience verbal memory decline after L-ATL.
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| 05/08/2008
01:05 PM
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The FLEP scale in diagnosing nocturnal frontal lobe epilepsy, NREM and REM parasomnias: Data from a tertiary sleep and epilepsy unit
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Epilepsia doi:10.1111/j.1528-1167.2008.01602.x
To test the usefulness of the FLEP scale in diagnosing nocturnal frontal lobe epilepsy (NFLE), arousal parasomnias, and REM sleep behavior disorder (RBD).
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| 05/08/2008
01:04 PM
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Spread of ictal activity in focal epilepsy
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Epilepsia doi:10.1111/j.1528-1167.2008.01627.x
Latencies between seizure onset, propagation of ictal activity, and initial clinical symptoms and signs are critically important for the successful implementation of detection-based intervention systems in the treatment of epilepsy.
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| 05/08/2008
01:03 PM
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Northeast Center for Special Care
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northeastcenter.com - your brain injury information portal on the web. articles, podcasts, news and links to resources.
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| 05/08/2008
01:03 PM
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Simultaneous EEG-fMRI in drug-naive children with newly diagnosed absence epilepsy
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Epilepsia doi:10.1111/j.1528-1167.2008.01626.x
In patients with idiopathic generalized epilepsy (IGE), blood oxygen level dependent (BOLD) EEG during functional MRI (EEG-fMRI) has been successfully used to link changes in regional neuronal activity to the occurrence of generalized spike-and-wave (GSW) discharges.
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| 05/08/2008
01:02 PM
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Seizure remission and relapse in adults with intractable epilepsy: A cohort study
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Epilepsia doi:10.1111/j.1528-1167.2008.01601.x
To investigate the cumulative probabilities of ≥12 month seizure remission and seizure relapse following remission, and to test the associations of clinical characteristics with these two study end points in a prevalence cohort of intractable adult epilepsy patients during medical management.
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| 05/08/2008
01:01 PM
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Reproductive hormonal changes and catamenial pattern in adolescent females with epilepsy
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Epilepsia doi:10.1111/j.1528-1167.2008.01622.x
We aimed to evaluate the effect of epilepsy on the reproductive hormones levels among female patients, and to investigate the frequency of catamenial pattern of seizures.
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| 05/08/2008
01:00 PM
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Neural basis of photo/chromatic sensitivity in adolescence
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Epilepsia doi:10.1111/j.1528-1167.2008.01605.x
To determine a psychophysiological basis for age visual sensitivity to chromatic and achromatic stimuli.
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| 05/08/2008
12:59 PM
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Local spatial effect of 50 Hz cortical stimulation in humans
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Epilepsia doi:10.1111/j.1528-1167.2008.01628.x
Cortical stimulation to abort seizures is under human investigation. Ideal electrode placement and stimulating parameters are unknown with poor understanding of tissue volume affected by stimulation or duration and nature of its effect on cortical activity. To help characterize this effect, we analyzed electrocorticography (ECoG) recorded adjacent to stimulated contacts during and after bipolar stimulation in patients undergoing functional cortical mapping with subdural electrodes.
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| 05/08/2008
12:59 PM
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Language lateralization in temporal lobe epilepsy using functional MRI and probabilistic tractography
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Epilepsia doi:10.1111/j.1528-1167.2008.01607.x
Language functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) is used to noninvasively assess hemispheric language specialization as part of the presurgical work-up in temporal lobe epilepsy (TLE). White matter asymmetries on diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) may be related to language specialization as shown in controls and TLE.
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| 05/08/2008
12:58 PM
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Gene expression analysis in absence epilepsy using a monozygotic twin design
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Epilepsia doi:10.1111/j.1528-1167.2008.01630.x
To identify genes involved in idiopathic absence epilepsies by analyzing gene expression using a monozygotic (MZ) twin design.
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| 05/08/2008
12:57 PM
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Epileptic encephalopathy with continuous spikes and waves during sleep in children with shunted hydrocephalus: A study of nine cases
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Epilepsia doi:10.1111/j.1528-1167.2008.01608.x
We present a series of nine patients with early-onset hydrocephalus who had seizures and continuous spikes and waves during slow sleep (CSWS) associated with neurocognitive and motor deterioration.
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| 05/08/2008
12:56 PM
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Decreased hippocampal volume on MRI is associated with increased extracellular glutamate in epilepsy patients
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Epilepsia doi:10.1111/j.1528-1167.2008.01603.x
Temporal lobe epilepsy (TLE) is associated with smaller hippocampal volume and with elevated extracellular (EC) glutamate levels. We investigated the relationship between the hippocampal volume and glutamate in refractory TLE patients.
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| 05/08/2008
12:55 PM
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Clinical differences between patients with nonepileptic seizures who report antecedent sexual abuse and those who do not
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Epilepsia doi:10.1111/j.1528-1167.2008.01611.x
To investigate clinical differences between patients with psychogenic nonepileptic seizures (PNES) who report antecedent sexual abuse, and patients who do not.
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| 05/08/2008
12:54 PM
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Attention impairment in rolandic epilepsy: Systematic review
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Epilepsia doi:10.1111/j.1528-1167.2008.01610.x
Conflicting evidence about impairment of attention systems and the absence of a working model of attention has contributed to lack of clarity about comorbidity of attention problems in rolandic epilepsy (RE). Impairments in distributed attention systems may inform a disease model for RE, as well as direct interventions.
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| 05/08/2008
12:53 PM
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Anticonvulsant profile and teratogenicity of 3,3-dimethylbutanoylurea: A potential for a second generation drug to valproic acid
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Epilepsia doi:10.1111/j.1528-1167.2008.01624.x
The purpose of this study was to evaluate the anticonvulsant activity and teratogenic potential of branched aliphatic acylureas represented by isovaleroylurea (IVU), pivaloylurea (PVU) and 3,3-dimethylbutanoylurea (DBU), as potential second-generation drugs to valproic acid (VPA).
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| 05/08/2008
12:52 PM
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Adaptive visual memory reorganization in right medial temporal lobe epilepsy
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Epilepsia doi:10.1111/j.1528-1167.2008.01629.x
We investigated functional reorganization mechanisms of the human medial temporal lobe (MTL) for episodic memory, in patients suffering from medial temporal lobe epilepsy (MTLE) with hippocampal sclerosis (HS).
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| 05/08/2008
12:52 PM
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A case-control evaluation of the ketogenic diet versus ACTH for new-onset infantile spasms
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Epilepsia doi:10.1111/j.1528-1167.2008.01606.x
ACTH is currently the standard first-line therapy for new-onset infantile spasms, but it has significant side effects. We hypothesized the ketogenic diet (KD), previously reported as beneficial for intractable infantile spasms, would have similar efficacy, but better tolerability than ACTH when used first-line.
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| 05/08/2008
12:50 PM
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Therapeutic effect of a T helper cell supported CTL response induced by a survivin peptide vaccine against murine cerebral glioma
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Cancer Immunology, Immunotherapy 0340-7004 (Print) 10.1007/s00262-008-0510-9
Survivin is a tumor-associated antigen (TAA) that has significant potential for use as a cancer vaccine target. To identify survivin epitopes that might serve as targets for CTL-mediated, anti-tumor responses, we evaluated a series of survivin peptides with predicted binding to mouse H2-Kb and human HLA-A*0201 antigens in peptide-loaded dendritic cell (DC) vaccines. H2-Kb-positive, C57BL/6 mice were vaccinated using syngeneic, peptide-loaded DC2.4 cells.
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| 05/08/2008
12:50 PM
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Brain Injury Conference
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The 4th Annual Mid-Hudson Brain Injury Rehabilitation Conference will be held again this year in Kingston, NY, presented by Northeast Center for Special Care.
Clinicians and support persons working with this population are invited to attend this highly-rated conference with cutting-edge educational sessions to increase knowledge and skills in this highly specialized area.
October 2, 2008.
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| 05/08/2008
12:50 PM
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Guidelines for Management of Ischaemic Stroke and Transient Ischaemic Attack 2008
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Cerebrovasc Dis 2008;25:457-507
This article represents the update of the European Stroke Initiative Recommendations for Stroke Management. These guidelines cover both ischaemic stroke and transient ischaemic attacks, which are now considered to be a single entity.
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| 05/08/2008
12:49 PM
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The human ventromedial frontal lobe is critical for learning from negative feedback
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Brain 2008 131(5):1323-1331
Are positive and negative feedback weighed in a common balance in the brain, or do they influence behaviour through distinct neural mechanisms? Recent neuroeconomic studies in both human and non-human primates indicate that the ventromedial frontal lobe carries information about both losses and gains, suggesting that this region may encode value across the continuum from absolute negative to absolute positive outcomes.
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| 05/08/2008
12:48 PM
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Priming the motor system enhances the effects of upper limb therapy in chronic stroke
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Brain 2008 131(5):1381-1390
After stroke, the function of primary motor cortex (M1) between the hemispheres may become unbalanced. Techniques that promote a re-balancing of M1 excitability may prime the brain to be more responsive to rehabilitation therapies and lead to improved functional outcomes.
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| 05/08/2008
12:47 PM
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Phenotypical characteristics of idiopathic infantile nystagmus with and without mutations in FRMD7
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Brain 2008 131(5):1259-1267
Idiopathic infantile nystagmus (IIN) consists of involuntary oscillations of the eyes. The familial form is most commonly X-linked. We recently found mutations in a novel gene FRMD7 (Xq26.2), which provided an opportunity to investigate a genetically defined and homogeneous group of patients with nystagmus.
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| 05/08/2008
12:46 PM
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Metabolic correlates of subthalamic nucleus activity in Parkinson's disease
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Brain 2008 131(5):1373-1380
Overactivity of subthalamic nucleus (STN) neurons is a consistent feature of Parkinson's disease (PD) and is a target of therapy for this disorder. However, the relationship of STN firing rate to regional brain function is not known.
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| 05/08/2008
12:45 PM
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Disconnecting force from money: effects of basal ganglia damage on incentive motivation
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Brain 2008 131(5):1303-1310
Bilateral basal ganglia lesions have been reported to induce a particular form of apathy, termed auto-activation deficit (AAD), principally defined as a loss of self-driven behaviour that is reversible with external stimulation.
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| 05/08/2008
12:44 PM
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Differential effects of insular and ventromedial prefrontal cortex lesions on risky decision-making
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Brain 2008 131(5):1311-1322
The ventromedial prefrontal cortex (vmPFC) and insular cortex are implicated in distributed neural circuitry that supports emotional decision-making. Previous studies of patients with vmPFC lesions have focused primarily on decision-making under uncertainty, when outcome probabilities are ambiguous (e.g. the Iowa Gambling Task).
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| 05/08/2008
12:43 PM
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Cognitive sequencing impairment in patients with focal or atrophic cerebellar damage
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Brain 2008 131(5):1332-1343
Although cognitive impairment after cerebellar damage has been widely reported, the mechanisms of cerebro-cerebellar interactions are still a matter of debate.
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| 05/08/2008
12:43 PM
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Cognitive deficits and striato-frontal dopamine release in Parkinson's disease
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Brain 2008 131(5):1294-1302
Idiopathic Parkinson's disease (PD) is often accompanied by a pattern of executive deficits similar to those found in patients with frontal lobe lesions.
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| 05/08/2008
12:42 PM
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Traumatic Brain Injury Journal Watch
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The latest links to journal article abstracts on Traumatic Brain Injury, Neurology, Neuropsychology, Pharmacology, Brain Injury Rehabilitation, Stroke, Trauma, Research, Assistive Technology, Community Reentry and other related clinical topics.
Available as an RSS feed or on our website.
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| 05/08/2008
12:42 PM
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Cerebellar growth and behavioural & neuropsychological outcome in preterm adolescents
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Brain 2008 131(5):1344-1351
Adolescence is a time of social and cognitive development associated with changes in brain structure and function. These developmental changes may show an altered path in individuals born before 33 weeks’ gestation (very preterm; VPT).
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| 05/08/2008
12:41 PM
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Atypical frontotemporal lobar degeneration with ubiquitin-positive, TDP-43-negative neuronal inclusions
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Brain 2008 131(5):1282-1293
Frontotemporal lobar degeneration with ubiquitinated inclusions (FTLD-U) is the most common neuropathology associated with the clinical syndrome of frontotemporal dementia (FTD).
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| 05/08/2008
12:40 PM
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Association between therapy outcome and right-hemispheric activation in chronic aphasia
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Brain 2008 131(5):1391-1401
The role of the right hemisphere for language processing and successful therapeutic interventions in aphasic patients is a matter of debate.
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| 05/08/2008
12:39 PM
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Recommendations and treatment strategies for the management of acute ischemic stroke
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Expert Opinion on Pharmacotherapy, Volume 9, Number 7, May 2008 , pp. 1071-1085(15)
Stroke is one of the leading causes of mortality and disability worldwide. From the establishment of the penumbra concept, ischemic stroke has been recognized as a dynamic process and two main therapeutic strategies have been designed: one that tries to reopen the occluded artery and the second aims to protect the penumbra brain tissue until the physiologic mechanisms-or the treatment-stop the ischemia.
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| 05/08/2008
12:38 PM
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Activity-dependent excitability changes suggest Na+/K+ pump dysfunction in diabetic neuropathy
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Brain 2008 131(5):1209-1216
The present study was undertaken to evaluate the role of Na+/K+ pump dysfunction in the development of diabetic neuropathy (DN).
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| 05/08/2008
12:37 PM
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Use of intravenous immunoglobulin and plasma exchange in neurological disease
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Current Opinion in Neurology. 21(3):358-365, June 2008
The most relevant indications for the use of intravenous immunoglobulins and plasma exchange in neurological disorders are described, with special emphasis on the data from clinical trials and aspects of specific importance for clinical routine.
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| 05/08/2008
12:36 PM
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Role of inflammatory markers in brain ischemia
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Current Opinion in Neurology. 21(3):353-357, June 2008
Inflammatory mechanisms play an important role in the risk of stroke and during the acute phase of brain ischemia, which contributes to functional outcome of patients. We review the role of inflammatory markers in these aspects of brain ischemia.
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| 05/08/2008
12:34 PM
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Inflammatory diseases and infection
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Current Opinion in Neurology. 21(3):347-352, June 2008
Fungal infections of the central nervous system, once a relatively rare occurrence, are increasingly common due to the expansion of immunocompromised populations at risk, and therefore are important to recognize early and manage appropriately.
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| 05/08/2008
12:33 PM
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Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis and soccer: A different epidemiological approach strengthen the previous findings
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Journal of the Neurological Sciences Volume 269, Issue 1, Pages 187-188 (15 June 2008)
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| 05/08/2008
12:32 PM
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Delirium in two patients with Bickerstaff's brainstem encephalitis
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Journal of the Neurological Sciences Volume 269, Issue 1, Pages 184-186 (15 June 2008)
In this report, we describe the case of two patients with Bickerstaff's brainstem encephalitis (BBE) who developed delirium manifested as emotional incontinence, restlessness, and aggressive behavior from disease onset.
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| 05/08/2008
12:31 PM
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OUTCOMES - The Northeast Center for Special Care online newsletter SUBSCRIBE FOR FREE
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Subscribe for FREE and receive our regular mailings with information about brain injury, spinal cord injury, respiratory care, and more.
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| 05/08/2008
12:31 PM
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Paradoxical imaging findings in cerebral gliomas
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Journal of the Neurological Sciences Volume 269, Issue 1, Pages 180-183 (15 June 2008)
Gliomas represent approximately one-third of all intracranial tumors in adults and commonly present clinically with seizures. We report two seizure patients with paradoxical imaging findings on preoperative grading of their cerebral gliomas.
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| 05/08/2008
12:30 PM
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Corticobasal degeneration presenting with progressive conduction aphasia
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Journal of the Neurological Sciences Volume 269, Issue 1, Pages 163-168 (15 June 2008)
We report the case of a woman with primary progressive aphasia (PPA) presenting with conduction aphasia. Neurological findings showed bilateral finger tremor and signe de poignet figé in her right hand. Memory, orientation, and activities of daily living were well preserved.
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| 05/08/2008
12:28 PM
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The effects of visual, auditory, and mixed cues on choice reaction in Parkinson's disease
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Journal of the Neurological Sciences Volume 269, Issue 1, Pages 118-125 (15 June 2008)
We investigated the effects of visual, auditory, and mixed cues on complex choice reaction in people with Parkinson's disease (PD). The paradigm using a computerized task was based on a game, "paper-rock-scissors." Four types of sensory cues were employed: simple visual cues, auditory cues, visual cues with auditory distracters, and auditory cues with visual distracters.
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| 05/08/2008
12:27 PM
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Akt1 gene deletion and stroke
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Journal of the Neurological Sciences Volume 269, Issue 1, Pages 105-112 (15 June 2008)
Activation of Akt has been implicated as a major contributor to neuronal survival after an ischemic insult. Numerous neuroprotective agents have been shown to augment Akt activity, suggesting that this protein represents a major mechanism of cellular salvage after injury.
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| 05/08/2008
12:26 PM
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Prevalence of extracranial carotid stenosis in Thai ischemic stroke/TIA patients
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Journal of the Neurological Sciences Volume 269, Issue 1, Pages 92-95 (15 June 2008)
Stroke is a leading cause of death and morbidity in Thailand. The purpose of this study was to look for prevalence of significant extracranial carotid stenosis (ECCS) in Thai ischemic stroke/transient ischemic attack (TIA) patients and baseline characteristics of this subgroup.
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| 05/08/2008
12:25 PM
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Enforced physical training promotes neurogenesis in the subgranular zone after focal cerebral ischemia
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Journal of the Neurological Sciences Volume 269, Issue 1, Pages 54-61 (15 June 2008)
Cerebral ischemia increases neurogenesis in the subventricular zone (SVZ) and in the subgranular zone (SGZ) of the dentate gyrus, and this might be modulated by an enriched environment including voluntary physical activity. We examined whether enforced physical training (EPT) influences neurogenesis in the SVZ and SGZ after cerebral ischemia.
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| 05/08/2008
12:24 PM
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Dengue encephalopathy in children in Northern India: Clinical features and comparison with non dengue
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Journal of the Neurological Sciences Volume 269, Issue 1, Pages 41-48 (15 June 2008)
Acute febrile encephalopathy (AFE) is a common cause of childhood hospital admissions in Lucknow. In recent years, many patients have been hospitalized with AFE and hemorrhagic manifestations, some of whom were proven to have dengue viral infection.
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| 05/08/2008
12:23 PM
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Neurological deterioration in small vessel disease may be associated with increase of infarct volume
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Journal of the Neurological Sciences Volume 269, Issue 1, Pages 35-40 (15 June 2008)
The mechanism of neurological deterioration in small vessel disease is unclear. We examined the relationship between neurological deterioration and change of infarct volume in acute small vessel disease.
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| 05/08/2008
12:22 PM
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Anterior horn cells with abnormal TDP-43 immunoreactivities show fragmentation of the Golgi apparatus in ALS
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Journal of the Neurological Sciences Volume 269, Issue 1, Pages 30-34 (15 June 2008)
Recently, TAR DNA-binding protein of 43-kDa (TDP-43) was identified as a major component of ubiquitinated neuronal cytoplasmic inclusions observed in lower motor neurons in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) and frontotemporal lobar degeneration with ubiquitinated inclusions.
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| 05/08/2008
12:16 PM
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Ocular torsion associated with infarction in the territory of the anterior inferior cerebellar artery: Frequency, pattern, and a major determinant
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Journal of the Neurological Sciences Volume 269, Issue 1, Pages 18-23 (15 June 2008)
Acute ischemic stroke in the distribution of the anterior inferior cerebellar artery (AICA) can cause the vestibular dysfunction in the roll plane of the vestibuloocular reflex with abnormal ocular torsion (OT). There has been no systemic study that carefully investigates the nature of OT that occurs with AICA infarction.
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| 05/08/2008
12:15 PM
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Correlation between ventricular enlargement and white matter changes
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Journal of the Neurological Sciences Volume 269, Issue 1, Pages 12-17 (15 June 2008)
The clinical significance of white matter changes including periventricular hyperintensity (PVH) and deep white matter hyperintensity (DWMH) on MRI in patients with normal pressure hydrocephalus is unclear.
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| 05/08/2008
12:14 PM
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Intracranial pressure and ventricular expansion in hydrocephalus: Have we been asking the wrong question?
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Journal of the Neurological Sciences Volume 269, Issue 1, Pages 1-11 (15 June 2008)
The force that enlarges the cerebral ventricles and deforms the brain in hydrocephalus remains unclear. It is still widely thought to be elevated intraventricular pressure developing behind an obstruction to the flow of CSF. This view has led to the prediction that a large pressure difference should exist between the ventricles proximal to the obstruction and the subarachnoid space of the cerebral convexity distal to the obstruction.
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| 05/08/2008
12:12 PM
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Cortical recovery of swallowing function in wound botulism
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BMC Neurology 2008, 8:13
Botulism is a rare disease caused by intoxication leading to muscle weakness and rapidly progressive dysphagia. With adequate therapy signs of recovery can be observed within several days. In the last few years, brain imaging studies carried out in healthy subjects showed activation of the sensorimotor cortex and the insula during volitional swallowing. However, little is known about cortical changes and compensation mechanisms accompanying swallowing pathology.
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