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COPD: Journal of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease, Volume 6, Issue 3 June 2009 , pages 201 - 210
Emphysema is characterized by the destruction of alveolar parenchymal tissue and the concordant loss of lung epithelial cells, endothelial cells, and interstitial mesenchymal cells.
Journal of Thoracic Imaging: May 2009 - Volume 24 - Issue 2 - pp 89-95
The purpose of this study was to determine the lobar distribution and associated
radiologic/clinical findings of partial anomalous pulmonary venous return
(PAPVR) in the adult population using multidetector computed tomography
(MDCT).
Critical Care Medicine. 37(6):1935-1940, June 2009
To describe red blood cell (RBC) transfusion practices and evaluate the association between patient-related factors and pretransfusion hemoglobin concentration in acute lung injury (ALI).
Pediatric Allergy and Immunology, Volume 20, Number 4, June 2009 , pp. 358-361(4)
Many candidate gene studies for atopic dermatitis (AD) and associated phenotypes have been conducted so far, but replication of significant results has been a major problem.
Critical Care Medicine. 37(6):1948-1955, June 2009
Hydroxyethyl starch (HES) has greater volume expansion effect and longer intravascular persistence than crystalloids. HES also decreases microvascular permeability and capillary leakage by biophysically plugging endothelial leaks, exerting an anti-inflammatory effect, and decreasing activation of endothelial cells.
Because neutrophil apoptosis plays a key role in resolving inflammation, identification of proteins regulating neutrophil survival should provide new strategies to modulate inflammation.
Scandinavian Journal of Primary Health Care, Volume 27, Issue 2 June 2009 , pages 70 - 73
Sputum colour plays an important role in the disease concepts for acute cough, both in the patients' and the doctors' view. However, it is unclear whether the sputum colour can be used for diagnosis of a bacterial infection. Design. Cross-sectional study.
This review discusses the pathophysiological aspects of sleep-disordered breathing, with focus on upper airway mechanics in obstructive and central sleep
apnoea, Cheyne-Stokes respiration and obesity hypoventilation syndrome.
COPD: Journal of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease, Volume 6, Issue 3 June 2009 , pages 155 - 161
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease patients are at increased risk for mortality, particularly from cardiovascular conditions. Acute exacerbation increases heart burden and may lead to release of troponin I.
The British Thoracic Society (BTS) recommendations for patients with respiratory disease planning air travel suggest that an oxygen saturation (SaO2) >95% precludes the need for any further assessment of the need for supplemental oxygen during flight.
Although patients admitted to hospital for community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) experience substantial short-term mortality following hospital discharge, few studies have focused on identifying factors that predict mortality after admission to hospital in this population.
The frequency of clinical isolation of non-tuberculous mycobacteria (NTM) in the Netherlands is increasing, but its clinical relevance is often uncertain.
Hospitalisation due to respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) infection in the first 2 years after birth has been associated with increased healthcare utilisation and associated costs up to 5 years of age in children born prematurely at less than 32 weeks of gestation who developed bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD).
Human metapneumovirus (HMPV) causes illness in both children and adults. Like other viruses, infection produces incomplete immunity and re-infection can occur at all ages.
A 66-year-old woman presented with progressive exertional dyspnoea, productive cough and
dysphonia, particularly when singing; she also experienced a dry obstructed nose, sore mouth and mild
dysphagia.
A 29-year-old woman was transferred to our unit with a diagnosis of bronchial carcinoid
tumour. She complained of chest pain, dyspnoea, cough and
haemoptysis.
Phase Three of the International Study of Asthma and Allergies in Childhood (ISAAC) measured the global prevalence and severity of asthma symptoms in children.
Chest Published online before print May 2009, doi: 10.1378/chest.08-2824
Dendritic cells (DCs) have been reported to be increased in small airways in
COPD, but the maturity status of these cells is unclear. We have quantified the numbers of cells expressing markers associated with DC maturation.
Clinical Endocrinology, Volume 70, Number 6, June 2009 , pp. 838-846(9)
Reduced bone mineral density (BMD) and increased rates of atraumatic fracture are observed in cystic fibrosis (CF) patients, causing increasing morbidity as this population ages.
Journal of Sleep Research, Volume 18, Number 2, June 2009 , pp. 204-208(5)
This study examined response inhibition during a Go-NoGo task in individuals with obstructive sleep apnea
(OSA). Fourteen OSA patients and 14 controls were studied with functional magnetic resonance imaging.
Clinical Microbiology and Infection Published Online: 18 May 2009
An open-label, 60-day trial was conducted in 75 newly diagnosed tuberculosis (TB) patients to assess the adjunctive effect of the oral immunomodulator Dzherelo with standard anti-TB chemotherapy (ATT) consisting of
izoniazid, rifampicin, pyrazinamide and streptomycin (HRZS) administered as directly observed therapy (DOT).
Pulmonary hypertension (PH), defined as a pulmonary vascular resistance (PVR) >2.5 Wood units (WU) and (or) a transpulmonary gradient
(TPG) >12 mmHg, is an established risk factor for mortality in heart transplantation.
Critical Care Medicine. 37(6):1874-1880, June 2009
To evaluate the safety and efficacy of active site inactivated recombinant factor VIIa
(FFR-rFVIIa) in patients with acute respiratory distress syndrome.
Currently, broad empiric antimicrobial treatment including atypical coverage is recommended for patients with mild to moderate community-acquired pneumonia (CAP).
The massive pulmonary neutrophil influx in respiratory distress syndrome (RDS) in preterm infants has been ascribed to the effect of leukotriene B4 (LTB4).
Pulmonary alveolar proteinosis (PAP) is a rare pulmonary disease. It was first described in China in 1965, and more cases have been reported subsequently. A systematic review was performed on 241 cases of PAP in China and progress in the diagnosis and treatment of this disease is discussed.
Journal of Sleep Research, Volume 18, Number 2, June 2009 , pp. 188-195(8)
Sudden cardiac death appears to be more prevalent during the normal sleeping hours in obstructive sleep apnoea
(OSA) patients compared with the general population as well as to cardiovascular disease patients.
Bronchial stump insufficiency after pneumonectomy is a severe problem and there is still debate about the appropriate method
(transthoracic or transsternal) for reclosure.
Emerging Infectious Diseases Volume 15, Number 6-June 2009
Among 4,215 Streptococcus pneumoniae isolates obtained in Spain during 2006, 98 (2.3%) were ciprofloxacin resistant (3.6% from adults and 0.14% from children).
Pulmonary endarterectomy (PEA) for chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension
(CTEPH) is the first treatment of choice with good short-term results.
The coming of age of lung transplantation is accompanied by an immunosuppressive armamentarium that has been brought forward from other transplant indications.
British Journal of Radiology 2009, doi:10.1259/bjr/13217618
The aim of this study was to evaluate prospectively the early treatment response after CT-guided radiofrequency ablation
(RFA) of unresectable lung tumours by MRI including diffusion-weighted imaging
(DWI).
Occupational disease linked to the paper recycling industry has not been well documented. No previously confirmed formal diagnosis of occupational asthma (OA) caused by hydroxylamine has been made.
Chest Published online before print May 2009, doi: 10.1378/chest.09-0608
From the literature search, 596 publications were screened. Nine studies that consisted of 1366 normotensive patients with acute symptomatic PE were deemed eligible.
Chest Published online before print May 2009, doi: 10.1378/chest.09-0596
Patients on prolonged acute mechanical ventilation (PAMV), though comprising one third of all MV patients, consume two thirds of all the resources allocated to MV, and their numbers are projected to double by year 2020.
Journal of Thoracic Oncology. 4(6):697-701, June 2009
As a result of recent publications, we hypothesized that period of 8 weeks after initiation of treatment is a useful landmark point for cytotoxic agents for advanced non-small cell lung cancer
(NSCLC).
The diaphragm is a chief muscle of inspiration. Its paralysis can lead to dyspnea and can affect ventilatory function. Diaphragmatic paralysis can be unilateral or bilateral.
European Journal of Clinical Investigation Published Online: 27 Apr 2009
Sarcoidosis and chronic beryllium disease (CBD) are inflammatory conditions in which oxidative stress state may be crucial for disease outcome. This study compares haem oxygenase-1 (HO-1) extracellular activity for the first time in patients with sarcoidosis or CBD and in healthy controls.
Our previous studies have demonstrated that nitric oxide (NO) leads to nitric oxide synthase
(NOS) uncoupling and an increase in NOS-derived superoxide. However, the cause of this uncoupling has not been adequately resolved.
BMC Pulmonary Medicine 2009, 9:25doi:10.1186/1471-2466-9-25
Oxidative stress is associated with the pathogenesis of cigarette smoke related lung diseases, but longitudinal effects of smoking cessation on oxidant markers in the airways are unknown.
The International Journal of Tuberculosis and Lung Disease, Volume 13, Number 6, June 2009 , pp. 755-759(5)
To identify nutritional and socio-demographic factors for the development of tuberculosis (TB) in Timor and Rote Island, Indonesia, so that intervention programmes can be developed to address these factors.
Persistent pulmonary hypertension of newborn (PPHN) is associated with impaired pulmonary vasodilation at birth. Previous studies demonstrated that a decrease in angiogenesis contributes to this failure of postnatal adaptation.
15-lipoxygenase-1 (15-LOX-1) has been proposed to be involved in various physiological and pathophysiological activities such as inflammation, atherosclerosis, cell maturation, and
tumorigenesis.
Hypoxia-induced mitogenic factor (HIMF), also known as FIZZ1 or RELM{alpha}, is a profound vasoconstrictor of the pulmonary circulation and a strong mitogenic factor in pulmonary vascular smooth muscle.
Mucous hypersecretion is a serious feature of chronic airway diseases such as asthma,
COPD, and cystic fibrosis. Although mucins are produced via activation of an EGF receptor
(EGFR) signaling cascade, the mechanisms leading to exaggerated mucin production in mucous hypersecretory diseases are unknown.
The Journal of Laryngology & Otology (2009), 123 : 613-618 Cambridge University Press
To characterise the spectrum of nasal symptomatology and nasendoscopic abnormalities seen in patients attending an asthma clinic, and to relate these symptoms to the likelihood of finding nasendoscopic abnormalities which merit treatment.
COPD: Journal of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease, Volume 6, Issue 3 June 2009 , pages 152 - 154
COPD represents an important public health challenge, in the US and globally, that is both preventable and treatable. We describe the average age at death from
COPD, a leading cause of death in the US, using data from the National Vital Statistics System for the periods 1980-85, 1990-95, and 2000-05.
PLoS Med 6(5): e1000081. doi:10.1371/journal.pmed.1000081
Pneumococcal disease is a leading cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. The aim of this study was to investigate the association between specific pneumococcal serotypes and mortality from invasive pneumococcal disease
(IPD).
Critical Care Medicine. 37(6):1921-1928, June 2009
To compare the physiologic effects of noninvasive pressure-support ventilation (NPSV) delivered by a facemask, a helmet with the same settings, and a helmet with specific settings. Inspiratory muscle effort, gas exchange, patient-ventilator synchrony, and comfort were evaluated.
Children with asthma require multiple medications, and cost may be a barrier to care. The purpose of this study was to determine how often physicians ask about cost when prescribing new asthma medication and to identify factors influencing queries.
Utility indices are used in cost-effectiveness analyses as a measure of quality of life reflecting the patient's preference for a given health state on a scale anchored at 0 (corresponding to death) to 1 (perfect health).
Multidetector computed tomographic angiography (MDCTA) is the method of choice for evaluation of suspected acute pulmonary embolism (PE) in most patients because it is accurate and widely available.
The term pulmonary sequestration is applied to a pulmonary lobe or portion of a lobe that is supplied by an anomalous systemic artery and drain either into the systemic or pulmonary veins.
International Journal of Hematology 0925-5710 (Print) 10.1007/s12185-009-0351-0
The goal of our study is to evaluate the efficiency and safety of CT-guided percutaneous lung biopsy for the diagnosis of pulmonary fungal infection in patients with hematologic disease.
Critical Care Medicine. 37(6):1858-1865, June 2009
Spread of multidrug-resistant organisms within the intensive care unit (ICU) results in substantial morbidity and mortality. Novel strategies are needed to reduce transmission.
Airway inflammation in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is predominately
neutrophilic, but some subjects demonstrate eosinophilic airway inflammation.
Scandinavian Journal of Primary Health Care, Volume 27, Issue 2 June 2009 , pages 80 - 84
To study differences in readmissions to primary and secondary care hospitals for exacerbations of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
(COPD). Design. A register-based study.
Allergy and Asthma Proceedings, Volume 30, Number 2, March/April 2009 , pp. 109-119(11)
Asthma represents a syndrome of airway inflammatory diseases with a complex pathology. The immunologic pathogenesis is being increasingly revealed and provides opportunity for targeted biological intervention.
Malignant mesothelioma is an asbestos-related, aggressive tumour, resistant to most anti-cancer therapies. Akt is a key mediator of mesothelioma cell survival and
chemoresistance.
There are 12,000 new cases per year in the United States of spinal cord injury (SCI) with life expectancies from 11 to 14 years (ventilator dependent) to 44 years (non-ventilator dependent).
Primary Care Respiratory Journal Volume 18 Issue 2 June 2009 Pages 69-75
Progress to democracy in South Africa in 1994 was followed by the adoption of a primary health care approach with free access for all. State health facilities serve 80% of the population, and a private sector comprising general practitioners, specialists and private hospitals, serves the remainder.
Primary Care Respiratory Journal Volume 18 Issue 2 June 2009 Pages 106-113
To assess the effect of tiotropium 18mcg once daily on chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
(COPD) exacerbations and exacerbation-related hospitalisations using a patient-level pooled analysis.
Primary Care Respiratory Journal Volume 18 Issue 2 June 2009 Pages 95-99
To assess how frequently measurements of relevant physiological variables are made in patients presenting acutely to hospital with obstructive pulmonary diseases
(OPD) and pneumonia.
Archives of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation Volume 90, Issue 6, Pages 913-918 (June 2009)
To examine the rationale of the combined use of a new expiratory device in association with a previously assessed inspiratory device in improving 3 indicators of the respiratory muscle strength, for example, maximal inspiratory pressure (MIP), maximal expiratory pressure
(MEP), and dyspnea grade.
Sleep Medicine Volume 10, Issue 6, Pages 676-678 (June 2009)
Restless legs syndrome (RLS) is more common in pregnant women. The objective of our study was to determine frequency of RLS in pregnant women and predictors of RLS in pregnancy in Pakistan.
Sleep Medicine Volume 10, Issue 6, Pages 668-671 (June 2009)
Night-to-night variability of periodic leg movements (PLMs) in restless legs syndrome
(RLS) was examined to define the range of intra-subject values, impact upon diagnosing
RLS, and clinical correlates.
Sleep Medicine Volume 10, Issue 6, Pages 657-660 (June 2009)
Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is a common condition with substantial health consequences. A recent randomized trial found that playing the didgeridoo improved both subjective and objective sleep measures.
Sleep Medicine Volume 10, Issue 6, Pages 630-636 (June 2009)
To evaluate, both polysomnographically and by subjective scales, the efficacy and safety profile of pramipexole for restless legs syndrome
(RLS) via a 3-week, double-blind, placebo-controlled, parallel-group, dose-ranging study.
Sleep Medicine Volume 10, Issue 6, Pages 611-615 (June 2009)
The aim of the study was to prospectively examine all patients with a diagnosis of RLS consulting a sleep disorders clinic and to assess RLS severity and augmentation and their associations, including ferritin levels.
We investigated whether mutations in the genes that code for the different subunits of the
amiloride-sensitive epithelial sodium channel (ENaC) might result in cystic fibrosis (CF)-like disease.
American Journal of Transplantation Published Online: 20 May 2009
Chronic allograft dysfunction, manifesting as bronchiolitis obliterans syndrome
(BOS), is the major cause of morbidity and mortality in human lung transplant recipients.
American Journal of the Medical Sciences. 337(5):381-382, May 2009
Pulmonary embolism may result in permanent or transient electrocardiographic abnormalities. New onset left bundle branch block
(LBBB) is usually associated with myocardial ischemia.
Thrombosis is a major cause of morbidity and mortality in Western countries and is associated with a range of chronic diseases such as cardiovascular disease, renal disease, diabetes, and various autoimmune conditions.
Central European Journal of Medicine 1895-1058 (Print) 10.2478/s11536-009-0028-3
Hereditary hemorrhagic telangiectasia (HHT) is a genetic vascular disorder characterised by
epistaxis, telangiectases, and visceral arteriovenous malformations.
Pulmonary hypertension, rare in chronic respiratory diseases but strongly impacting on their prognosis, is partly underlied by factors other than hypoxemia.
The lung age of smokers is greater than their real age. We have had the clinical impression that the lung age of non-smokers might be older than their real age and that obese subjects with decreased VC and FEV1 would also have an increased lung age.
American Journal of Transplantation Published Online: 20 May 2009
Sleep disordered breathing (SDB) is a prevalent, important nontraditional cardiovascular (CV) risk factor in end-stage renal disease patients. The prevalence of SDB in renal transplant patients is unknown.
Legionellosis is a common cause of severe community acquired pneumonia and respiratory disease outbreaks. The Ontario Public Health Laboratory
(OPHL) has conducted most testing for Legionella species in the Canadian province of Ontario since 1978, and represents a multi-decade repository of population-based data on legionellosis epidemiology.
The Journal of Infectious Diseases 2009;199:1797-1806
Mycobacterium tuberculosis is an unusual pathogen, persisting for years in infected persons despite an immune response. Erythropoietin-producing hepatoma (Eph) receptors are critical for tissue organization.
Acquired lymphoedema of the vulva is induced by impaired lymph flow. We present the case of a 35-year-old woman having lymphoedema of the vulva following pulmonary tuberculosis.
Journal of Thrombosis and Haemostasis Volume 7 Issue 6, Pages 938 - 944
The role of risk stratification in normotensive patients with acute pulmonary embolism (PE) is still unclear. Objectives: We evaluated, in these patients, the usefulness of six prognostic markers for predicting in-hospital adverse events related to PE and 3-month mortality.
European Radiology 0938-7994 (Print) 10.1007/s00330-009-1437-z
Characterisation and quantification of emphysema are necessary for planning of local treatment and monitoring. Sensitive, easy to measure, and stable parameters have to be established and their relation to the well-known pulmonary function testing
(PFT) has to be investigated.
Central congenital hypoventilation syndrome (CCHS) is a disorder in which affected individuals fail to breathe during sleep despite progressive hypercapnia and hypoxia.
The Lancet Infectious Diseases, Volume 9, Issue 6, Pages 384 - 392, June 2009
Meticillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA), usually known as a nosocomial pathogen, has emerged as the predominant cause of skin and soft-tissue infections in many communities.
Hypoventilation in neuromuscular disease is attributed to both respiratory muscle weakness and reduced chemoreceptor sensitivity essential in ventilatory drive.
Allergology International
doi:10.2332/allergolint.08-OA-0065
Salmeterol and fluticasone propionate combination (SFC) provides better asthma control than fluticasone propionate (FP) alone, however, little is known on the effects of differential treatments on airway function and inflammation in patients with mild asthma.
Thorax. Published Online First: 12 February 2009. doi:10.1136/thx.2008.108274
Sleep hypoventilation has been proposed as a cause of progressive hypercapnic respiratory failure and death in patients with severe chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
(COPD).
Osteopontin (OPN) is an important mediator of inflammation and cancer progression. In the present study, we asked whether pleural fluid (PF) and serum OPN concentrations differed between patients with pleural effusions of different
aetiologies, and whether assessment of OPN levels was useful for diagnostic purposes.
Thorax. Published Online First: 18 May 2009. doi:10.1136/thx.2008.109868
Endobronchial ultrasound with transbronchial needle aspiration is becoming widely used for mediastinal lymph node staging in patients with known or suspected lung cancer.
J Med Genet. Published Online First: 13 May 2009. doi:10.1136/jmg.2009.066829
Mutations in the surfactant protein C gene (SFTPC) have been recently associated with the development of diffuse lung disease, particularly sporadic and familial interstitial lung disease
(ILD).
In the nearly saturated human respiratory tract, the presence of water-soluble substances in the inhaled aerosols can cause change in the size distribution of the particles. This consequently alters the lung deposition profiles of the inhaled airborne particles.
Annals of Vascular Surgery published online 21 May 2009
Ischemic reperfusion injury due to oxidative stress remains one of the challenging problems during cardiac surgeries. The imbalance in the production of free radicals and antioxidants in vivo determines the extent of oxidative stress.
American Journal of Transplantation Published Online: 20 May 2009
Infections with cytomegalovirus (CMV) can induce severe complications after transplantation, particularly in patients resistant to virostatic therapy. Adoptive transfer of
CMV-specific T-cell lines has demonstrated promising results in patients after hematopoietic stem cell transplantation.
American Journal of Respiratory Cell and Molecular Biology Published ahead of print on May 15, 2009, doi:10.1165/rcmb.2008-0362OC
The airways are continuously exposed to respiratory pathogens, which may result in bacterial pneumonia, one of the most common infectious diseases and the leading cause of sepsis.
Ann Thorac Surg 2009;87:1925-1926. doi:10.1016/j.athoracsur.2008.10.062
Yolk-sac tumor mimics the yolk sac of the embryo, and the presence of alpha fetoprotein in the tumor cells is highly characteristic. We present an 18-year-old boy with primary pulmonary yolk-sac tumor diagnosed postoperatively.
Percutaneous dilational tracheostomy has become an established technique for ensuring safe and uncomplicated access to the respiratory systems of patients undergoing prolonged
intubation.
Neurally adjusted ventilatory assist (NAVA), a mode of mechanical ventilation controlled by diaphragmatic electrical activity
(EAdi), may improve patient-ventilator interaction.
Ann Thorac Surg 2009;87:1934-1936. doi:10.1016/j.athoracsur.2008.10.034
Left ventricular assist devices (LVADs) are increasingly being used as both bridge-to-transplantation and destination therapy in patients with severe congestive heart failure.
Arch Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg. 2009;135(5):439-444
To evaluate retrospectively the efficacy of the mandibular advancement device (MAD) in Korean patients with obstructive sleep apnea
(OSA) in terms of severity and to evaluate prognostic factors deciding the success of MAD application.
Ann Thorac Surg 2009;87:1690-1696. doi:10.1016/j.athoracsur.2009.01.077
The presence of an air leak is currently a contraindication for removal of a chest tube. The objective of this series was to evaluate the safety of chest tube removal in patients with an air leak.
The International Journal of Tuberculosis and Lung Disease, Volume 13, Number 6, June 2009 , pp. 760-766(7)
To compare the efficacy, safety and acceptability of two short-course regimens of
isoniazid, rifampicin, pyrazinamide and ethambutol (HRZE) given either as fixed-dose combination (4-FDC) tablets or as single tablets (ST) in patients with newly diagnosed pulmonary tuberculosis
(PTB).
Thorax. Published Online First: 18 May 2009. doi:10.1136/thx.2008.106989
Hyperglycaemia predicts a poor outcome in ICU patients. Whether this is true for respiratory failure necessitating non-invasive ventilation
(NIV) is not known.
Hypoventilation can be caused by diseases of the chest wall. Any anatomical or functional abnormality of the bony thorax increases dead space ventilation and the work of breathing, whether congenital or acquired, acute or chronic, and whether its cause is infectious, traumatic, environmental, iatrogenic, or unknown.
Evaluation of a patient with hypoventilation requires a combination of clinical history, physical examination, pulmonary function testing, and chest radiography to help determine the cause.
Respiratory Research 2009, 10:40doi:10.1186/1465-9921-10-40
In patients with chronic idiopathic cough, there is a chronic inflammatory response together with evidence of airway wall remodelling and an increase in airway epithelial nerves expressing TRPV-1.
The Lancet, Volume 373, Issue 9677, Page 1818, 23 May 2009
In June, 2008, a previously healthy and fully immunised 30-month-old girl was seen by her GP with a 7-day history of fever (temperature up to 40°C). Physical examination was consistent with
pharyngitis, and amoxicillin was prescribed.
Reactive nitrogen species (RNS) induce tissue inflammation and nitrate tyrosine residues of various kinds of proteins. Recent studies have established that the free amino acid form of 3-nitrotyrosine induces
cytotoxity, growth inhibition and alters the cellular function in cultured cells.
The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of different autoantibodies
(aAbs) in adult French cystic fibrosis (CF) patients and to look for a correlation between autoimmunity, patient characteristics and survival.
BMC Pulmonary Medicine 2009, 9:23doi:10.1186/1471-2466-9-23
Incense burning has been reported to adversely affect respiratory health. The aim of this study was to explore whether exposure to bakhour contributes to the prevalence of asthma and/or triggers its symptoms in Omani children by comparing two Omani regions with different prevalence of asthma.
Phytotherapy Research Published Online: 14 May 2009
Examples of medicinal herbs that have been perpetuated along several generations based simply on a folk tradition are Cistus and green tea. The principal active constituents of the genus Cistus and green tea are polyphenolic compounds. Polyphenols exhibit a wide range of antibacterial, antifungal and antiinflammatory effects.
Vascular Health and Risk Management Published: May 2009
Pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) is a life-threatening disease characterized by an elevated pulmonary arterial pressure and vascular resistance with a poor prognosis.
The Clinical Respiratory Journal Published Online: 18 May 2009
We investigated feasibility and value of a real-time electronic monitoring system adapted for early detection of cystic fibrosis (CF) pulmonary exacerbations (P
Exs).
American Journal of Therapeutics: May/June 2009 - Volume 16 - Issue 3 - pp 257-263
The clinical importance of obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is gradually rising to the extent that many clinicians now consider OSA as an underlying etiology or precipitating factor for many cardiovascular and pulmonary events.
Journal of Human Nutrition & Dietetics, Volume 22, Number 3, June 2009 , pp. 264-265(2)
The increased survival rate of extremely preterm infants has not improved the incidence or outcome of infants diagnosed with chronic lung disease
(CLD) (Riley, 2008).
Airway complications affect 20% of all lung transplant (LTx) recipients. Self expandable metallic stents
(SEMS) stents are one treatment option but use in benign airway disorders is controversial. Long-term safety of SEMS was studied in
LTx.
Rheumatology International 0172-8172 (Print) 10.1007/s00296-009-0904-9
The main objective of this study is to determine the prevalence of left ventricular systolic and diastolic dysfunction in patients with chronic sarcoidosis without clinical evidence of heart disease.
BMC Pulmonary Medicine 2009, 9:24doi:10.1186/1471-2466-9-24
Asthma is associated with enormous healthcare expenditures that include both direct and indirect costs. It is also associated with the loss of future potential earnings related to both morbidity and mortality.
The term obesity hypoventilation syndrome (OHS) refers to the combination of obesity and chronic hypercapnia that cannot be directly attributed to underlying cardiorespiratory disease.
Inhaled corticosteroids (ICS) are important in reducing exacerbation frequency associated with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
(COPD). However, little is known about the risk of associated infections.
While baker's asthma has been well described, various asthma phenotypes in bakery workers have yet to be characterized. This study aims to describe the asthma phenotypes in supermarket bakery workers in relation to host risk factors and self-reported exposure to flour dust.
Ambulatory oxygen is frequently prescribed for patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
(COPD) who have oxygen desaturation le88% during exercise.
Thorax. Published Online First: 18 May 2009. doi:10.1136/thx.2008.109785
The database of the German program for quality in healthcare including data of every hospitalized patient with community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) during a two year period (n = 388,406 patients in 2005 and 2006) was analyzed.
Lung Volume 168, Number 1 / December, 1990 333-343
We examined, in isolated blood perfused rat lungs, the effect of the cell permeable 8-bromo derivative of cGMP on pulmonary vasoconstriction induced by either alveolar hypoxia or angiotensin II.
Journal of The American Society of Echocardiography Volume 22, Issue 5, Pages 523-529 (May 2009)
The assessment of pulmonary vascular resistance (PVR) plays an important role in the diagnosis and management of pulmonary arterial hypertension
(PAH).
The purpose of this study was to investigate the vascular enhancement and image quality of pulmonary CT angiography performed with lower peak kilovoltage settings in a large patient sample.
Clinical Microbiology and Infection Published Online: 18 May 2009
To determine the aetiological role and epidemiological profile of common respiratory viruses in adults with acute respiratory tract infections
(ARTIs), a 2-year study was conducted in Beijing, China, from May 2005 to July 2007.
Current Hypertension Reports Volume 11, Number 3 / June, 2009 212-216
Obstructive sleep apnea-hypopnea (OSAH) is regarded as an increasingly common cause of sustained hypertension. The vast majority of mechanistic studies linking these entities have focused on the role of
sympathoactivation.
Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy, June 2009, p. 2239-2247, Vol. 53, No. 6
For 297 penicillin-susceptible, -intermediate, and -resistant pneumococcal strains, the sulopenem MIC50s were 0.008, 0.06, and 0.25, respectively, and the sulopenem MIC90s were 0.016, 0.25, and 0.5
µg/ml, respectively.
Chest Published online before print May 2009, doi: 10.1378/chest.08-1780
Through a variety of biochemical mechanisms, cigarette smoke (CS) may damage airway epithelium, altering its normal structure and function. Injury to epithelium may include changes in tight junction
(TJ) integrity with impairment of epithelial barrier function.
Arch Dis Child. Published Online First: 12 May 2009. doi:10.1136/adc.2008.156406
Theoretical concerns about liver disease and vitamin A deficiency have limited the use of oral isotretinoin for troublesome acne in adolescents with cystic fibrosis.
Critically ill patients who require mechanical ventilation are at risk for ventilator-associated pneumonia. Current data are conflicting as to the optimal diagnostic approach in patients who have suspected ventilator-associated pneumonia.
Chest Published online before print May 2009, doi: 10.1378/chest.08-1899
Pulmonary Langerhans cell histiocytosis (PLCH) is an inflammatory lung disease strongly associated with cigarette smoking and an increased risk of malignant
neoplasms.
Chest Published online before print May 2009, doi: 10.1378/chest.08-2972
Amphiregulin, a member of the epidermal growth factor family, has been shown to promote the growth of fibroblasts, be associated with the Th2 adaptive immune response, and upregulate mucin gene expression.
Lung cancer patients with COPD are at high risk during surgery. Tiotropium, a long-acting bronchodilator, is a preferred maintenance therapy for
COPD, but its efficacy in the perioperative period has not been clarified.
Respiratory Research 2009, 10:39doi:10.1186/1465-9921-10-39
Recent development in the field of COPD has focused on strategies aimed at reducing the underlying inflammation through selective inhibition of the phosphodiesterase type IV (PDE4)
isoform.
Despite the considerable amount of evidence from randomized controlled trials and meta-analyses, uncertainty remains regarding the efficacy and safety of high-frequency oscillatory ventilation as compared to conventional ventilation in the early treatment of respiratory distress syndrome in preterm infants.
Clinical & Experimental Allergy, Volume 39, Number 6, June 2009 , pp. 845-855(11)
Bronchial smooth muscle cells (SMC) proliferate, express adhesion molecules, secrete cytokines and thus efficiently contribute to the pathogenesis of asthma.
American Journal of Transplantation Published Online: 13 May 2009
We previously described a 54% decline in renal function at 6 months after lung transplantation
(LTx). We hypothesized that this decline is a very early event following
LTx.
Pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) results in chronic right heart failure which is associated with an increase in sympathetic tone. This may adversely affect cardiac autonomic control.
Quadriceps muscle weakness is an important component of COPD. We hypothesised that quadriceps weakness would also be a feature of restrictive lung disease due to scoliosis.
Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med. 2009, doi:10.1164/rccm.200809-1484OC
The identification of the minimum ozone (O3) concentration and/or dose that induces measurable lung function decrements in humans is considered in the risk assessment leading to establishing an appropriate National Ambient Air Quality Standard
(NAAQS) for O3 that protects public health.
Scandinavian Journal of Infectious Diseases First Published on: 08 May 2009
In this retrospective study of 332 cases of Legionnaires' disease (LD) in 4 Danish counties between 1995 and 2005 we aimed to compare the sensitivity of culture,
PCR, urinary antigen testing, and serology to the mode of acquisition,
serogroup, and severity of disease.
Respiratory tract viral infection continues to be among the most common reasons for emergency department visits and hospitalization of children, particularly infants younger than 1 year, in the United States.
Translational Research Volume 153, Issue 6, Pages 263-271 (June 2009)
The alveolar-capillary membrane serves as a barrier that prevents the accumulation of fluid in the alveolar space and restricts the diffusion of large solutes while facilitating an efficient gas exchange.
Sleep and Breathing 1520-9512 (Print) 10.1007/s11325-009-0257-3
The aim of the present study was to evaluate the symptoms of temporomandibular dysfunction
(TMD) in patients with obstructive sleep apnea treated with long-term use of an oral appliance (OA) using a questionnaire based on the Helkimo Anamnestic Dysfunction Index.
The aim of this analysis is to study the association between air pollution and asthma among adults. For this goal, a previously developed "asthma score" was used.
In this study, we questioned whether propofol provided clinical benefits compared with midazolam in terms of neuropsychometric recovery, safety profile and patient tolerance.
Aclidinium bromide is a novel, long-acting inhaled muscarinic antagonist currently in development for the treatment of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
(COPD).
A new Tetratrichomonas species was identified by molecular and phylogenetic approaches in the pleural fluid from a patient with encysted empyema leading to
dyspnea.
Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis First Published on: 18 May 2009
Respiratory function tests (RFTs) are commonly used as a measure of progression in
ALS. This study assessed the ability of various RFTs to predict survival in ALS patients
Chest Published online before print May 2009, doi: 10.1378/chest.08-1190
The Cystic Fibrosis Questionnaire-Revised (CFQ-R) is a validated patient-reported outcome (PRO) containing both generic scales and scales specific to cystic fibrosis (CF).
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is the fourth leading cause of mortality in the United States. Its symptoms,
comorbidities, and sequelae also result in high morbidity and healthcare costs.
The success of Pseudomonas aeruginosa in cystic fibrosis (CF) and other chronic infections is largely attributed to its ability to grow in antibiotic-resistant biofilm communities.
BMC Pulmonary Medicine 2009, 9:22doi:10.1186/1471-2466-9-22
Herpes simplex virus type-1 (HSV-1) has been described to cause respiratory tract infections in critically ill patients or in individuals that are
immunocompromised.
Journal of Crohn's and Colitis published online 17 February 2009
The aim of this study is to summarize the effect of position (prone and semirecumbent 45°) of mechanically ventilated patients on the incidence of ventilator-associated pneumonia
(VAP) and other outcomes.
Monitoring of exhaled nitric oxide levels, when done in addition to regular telemonitoring of asthma symptoms, did not result in improved asthma control.
Arch Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg. 2009;135(5):434-438
To assess the polysomnographic outcomes of patients with obstructive sleep apnea undergoing transpalatal advancement pharyngoplasty for retropalatal collapse and to compare responders with nonresponders to surgery.
American Journal of Transplantation Published Online: 13 May 2009
Multiple infections have been linked with the development of bronchiolitis obliterans syndrome
(BOS) post-lung transplantation. Lung allograft airway colonization by Aspergillus species is common among lung transplant recipients.
The recently released handheld In-Check device can be used to measure the peak inspiratory flow rate
(PIF) of patients and is reportedly useful in determining whether the PIF is sufficient for using inhaler devices.
Chest Published online before print May 2009, doi: 10.1378/chest.09-0421
FEV1 is used for classification of disease severity and is a good predictor of COPD mortality. However, it is a poor predictor of clinical symptoms, exercise tolerance, and response to bronchodilators in
COPD.
Respiratory Research 2009, 10:38doi:10.1186/1465-9921-10-38
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a common respiratory disorder for which new diagnostic and therapeutic approaches are required. Hallmarks of COPD are matrix destruction and neutrophilic airway inflammation in the lung.
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