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The aim of this pilot study was to add weight to a hypothesis according to which patients presenting with chronic neck pain could have a predisposition towards respiratory dysfunction.
Primary amyloidosis has a poor prognosis as a result of frequent cardiac involvement. We recently reported a high prevalence of intracardiac thrombus in cardiac amyloid patients at autopsy. However, neither the prevalence nor the effect of anticoagulation on intracardiac thrombus has been evaluated antemortem.
Fibroblasts from patients with pulmonary fibrosis express higher levels of the receptor for urokinase, and the extent of fibrosis in some animal models exhibit a dependence on urokinase receptor.
Inflammatory cytokines, particularly the neutrophil chemoattractant interleukin-8 (IL-8), are elevated in the cystic fibrosis (CF) airway, even in the absence of detectable infection.
Reactive oxygen species (ROS) present in cigarette smoke (CS) are thought to contribute to the development of COPD. Although CS-ROS can hardly enter airway epithelial cells, and certainly not the circulation, systemic levels of ROS have been found to be elevated in COPD patients.
Supplemental oxygen therapy (hyperoxia) in preterm babies with respiratory stress is associated with lung injury and the development of bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD). Endoplasmic reticulum (ER) homeostasis plays critical roles in maintaining cellular functions such as protein synthesis, folding and secretion.
In many organs, integrins and cadherins are partly regulated by Hox genes but their interactions in airway morphogenesis and congenital lung diseases are unknown.
Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is a disease of unknown etiology characterized by the development of subpleural foci of myofibroblasts that contribute to the exuberant fibrosis noted in the pulmonary parenchyma.
Chest Published online before print May 2009, doi: 10.1378/chest.08-2782
Neutrophils have been implicated in the pathogenesis of COPD. Several chemoattractants for neutrophils have been measured in exhaled breath condensate (EBC) and induced-sputum (IS) from patients with COPD.
International Journal of Surgical Pathology, Vol. 17, No. 3, 219-230 (2009)
The pathologist is frequently involved in the diagnostic approach to the patient with suspected sarcoidosis. Although the histologic diagnosis is generally not difficult, atypical and underrecognized features may occasionally occur and may result in diagnostic problems.
Clinical Microbiology and Infection Published Online: 27 Apr 2009
Little is known about procalcitonin (PCT) levels in patients with community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) caused by Legionella pneumophila. The aim of the present study was to investigate this infection marker in patients admitted with L. pneumophila pneumonia in relation to conventional inflammatory parameters, severity of pneumonia upon admission and clinical outcome.
An increased asthma risk has been associated with pool attendance in children but evidence is inconsistent and inconclusive. We conducted a survey of 3,223 9-12 year old children in Sabadell (Spain) to evaluate the association between swimming pool attendance and the prevalence of asthma and allergic conditions and symptoms.
Chest Published online before print May 2009, doi: 10.1378/chest.08-2839
To describe a cohort of patients who presented with interstitial lung disease (ILD) of unknown cause, features of primary Sjögren syndrome (pSS), and a positive minor salivary gland biopsy (MSGB).
Chest Published online before print May 2009, doi: 10.1378/chest.09-0370
Although conventional CT-guided needle biopsy is an established diagnostic method for pulmonary lesions, few large studies have been conducted on the diagnostic outcomes of CT fluoroscopy-guided lung biopsy.
The ability of the Naughton-Balke exercise treadmill test (ETT), an objective indicator of exercise capacity, to predict abnormal hemodynamics and mortality in pulmonary hypertension (PH) is unknown.
Current Respiratory Medicine Reviews, Volume 5, Number 2, May 2009 , pp. 115-119(5)
Pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) is characterized by progressive obliteration of the small pulmonary vasculature leading to permanently increased vascular resistance and elevated pulmonary artery pressures over 25 mmHg at rest and 30 mmHg during exercise.
Respiratory Research 2009, 10:37doi:10.1186/1465-9921-10-37
The tachykinins, substance P and neurokinin A, present in sensory nerves and inflammatory cells such as macrophages and dendritic cells, are considered as pro-inflammatory agents.
Journal of Cerebral Blood Flow & Metabolism advance online publication 13 May 2009; doi: 10.1038/jcbfm.2009.57
Repetitive collapse of the upper airway during obstructive sleep apnea/hypopnea (OSA) exposes the brain of sufferers to frequent, transient, hypoxic episodes.
Monitoring of exhaled nitric oxide levels, when done in addition to regular telemonitoring of asthma symptoms, did not result in improved asthma control.
Sepsis is, in 27% to 55% of cases, complicated by a deterioration of mental status, which is consistent with delirium as consciousness, awareness, cognition, and behavior are preferentially affected.
Respiratory complications associated with burn injury are responsible for significant morbidity and mortality and occur in up to 41% of patients admitted to hospital after thermal injury.
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) represents a growing social and economic burden in the United States and is currently the fourth leading cause of death.
Pediatric Pulmonology Published Online: 11 May 2009
We report a case of fungal pleural effusion secondary to presumed valproate induced pancreatitis with pseudocyst and stricture formation. A child with dyskinetic cerebral palsy who had been on sodium valproate for several years was transferred for drainage of a left sided pleural effusion.
Pediatric Pulmonology Published Online: 11 May 2009
We report the isolation of a mucoid strain of I. limosus from the sputum of a 20-year-old male patient with CF over 1 year that was associated with the clinical, spirometric, and radiographic decline in a previously healthy patient.
Heart. Published Online First: 22 April 2009. doi:10.1136/hrt.2008.164251
Most historical studies of cardiorespiratory risk factors as predictors of mortality have been based on men. This study examines whether they predict mortality over long periods in women and men.
Thrombosis and Haemostasis 2009 20090508 PrePrint Online: TH First 11th May 2009
This study aimed to evaluate the relationship between anaemia and pulmonary embolism (PE) prognosis. We analysed a cohort of 764 patients with acute PE referred to a single center for diagnosis and management.
Despite advances in renal replacement therapy, the mortality of acute kidney injury (AKI) has remained high, especially when associated with distant organ dysfunction such as acute lung injury (ALI).
Transplant Infectious Disease Published Online: 11 May 2009
Sensitive detection of respiratory viruses is important for early diagnosis of infection in patients following hematopoietic cell transplantation (HCT). To evaluate the relative sensitivity of respiratory virus detection in specimens from HCT recipients, we compared the results of conventional and quantitative molecular methods.
Chest Published online before print May 2009, doi: 10.1378/chest.08-1901
Reduced pulmonary function is an independent predictor of metabolic syndrome (MetS) and diabetes mellitus (DM), conditions associated with increased mortality.
Induced sputum analysis has been widely used to assay airway inflammation. However, the mucolytic agent dithiothreitol (DTT) may affect the detection of some soluble mediators.
Clinical Microbiology and Infection Published Online: 23 Apr 2009
Mycoplasma pneumoniae is an important respiratory pathogen, accounting for up to 25% of community-acquired pneumonia, and is a common cause of hospitalized pneumonia in otherwise healthy adults and children.
Clinical Microbiology and Infection Published Online: 23 Apr 2009
Accurate molecular surveillance is important in monitoring the dynamics of Streptococcus pneumoniae. A prospective study was conducted to collect invasive isolates of S. pneumoniae from children for genetic analysis from January 2004 to December 2006 in Taiwan.
Journal of Virology, June 2009, p. 5353-5362, Vol. 83, No. 11
The respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) matrix (M) protein is localized in the nucleus of infected cells early in infection but is mostly cytoplasmic late in infection.
Variable-number tandem repeat (VNTRs) occur throughout the chromosome of Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Although these polymorphic VNTRs, also known as mycobacterial interspersed repetitive units (MIRUs), have proved to be useful tools in molecular epidemiology, their biological significance is less well understood.
International Journal of General Medicine Published: August 2008
While a large number of studies indicate the risks of high-level exposures to asbestos in the workplace setting, a relatively small number of studies describe the risk of pleural disease related to "take-home" asbestos brought into the household by workers exposed to asbestos.
American Journal of the Medical Sciences. 337(5):329-335, May 2009
Interstitial lung disease (ILD) is a frequent manifestation of connective tissue disease (CTD), especially systemic sclerosis (SSc), polymyositis-dermatomyositis, and rheumatoid arthritis. ILD related to CTDs heralds a poor prognosis and is associated with high mortality and 60% of patients have evidence of ILD.
Journal of Crohn's and Colitis published online 31 March 2009
Recruitment maneuvers (RMs) are advocated to prevent pulmonary collapse during low tidal volume ventilation and improve oxygenation. However, convincing clinical evidence for improved outcome is lacking. Recent experimental studies demonstrate that RMs translocate pulmonary inflammatory mediators into the circulation.
We describe a series of cases referred to our institution with working diagnoses of chronic thrombo-embolic pulmonary hypertension (CTEPH) for consideration of surgical pulmonary thrombo-endarterectomy (PTE).
Mucormycosis is a rare opportunistic fungal infection in renal transplant recipients which is associated with exceedingly high mortality when inadequately treated. Risk factors for this infection include diabetes, neutropaenia and immunosuppression.
Pediatric Pulmonology Published Online: 12 May 2009
Hispanic ethnicity is an independent risk factor for increased morbidity and mortality in cystic fibrosis (CF) patients. In order to compare the prevalence of risk factors for morbidity and mortality between the Hispanic CF population and the non-Hispanic CF population, we performed a cross-sectional study of patients in the 2004 Cystic Fibrosis Foundation Patient Registry.
Evidence indicates that the prevalence of asthma tends to increase in the developed world. However, little is known about current prevalence rates and risk factors of asthma in countries in transition, e.g. the United Arab Emirates (UAE).
Chest Published online before print May 2009, doi: 10.1378/chest.09-0258
There is a clinical need for more objective methods of identifying patients at risk for septic shock and poorer outcomes in community-acquired pneumonia (CAP).
Intrapulmonary bronchogenic cysts are congenital anomalies of the tracheobronchial tree and foregut. The aim of this retrospective study was to review the diagnosis, clinical and histological features, operative techniques, outcomes and follow-up of intrapulmonary bronchogenic cysts treated in a single institute.
New England Journal of Medicine Volume 360:2079-2089 May 14, 2009 Number 20
Although numerous studies have explored the benefit of using nebulized epinephrine or corticosteroids alone to treat infants with bronchiolitis, the effectiveness of combining these medications is not well established.
Chest Published online before print May 2009, doi: 10.1378/chest.08-3018
Noninvasive positive pressure ventilation (NPPV) modes are currently available on bi-level and ICU ventilators. However, little data comparing the performance of the NPPV modes on these ventilators is available.
Respiratory Research 2009, 10:36doi:10.1186/1465-9921-10-36
The biologically active form of transforming growth factor-beta1 (TGF-beta1) plays a key role in the development of lung fibrosis. CD36 is involved in the transformation of latent TGF-beta1 (L-TGF-beta1) to active TGF-beta1.
To evaluate whether children with spinal muscular atrophy (SMA) type II were able to learn glossopharyngeal pistoning for lung insufflation (GI), and to evaluate the effects of GI on pulmonary function and chest expansion
Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol (April 24, 2009). doi:10.1152/ajpheart.00893.2008
Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension (PAH) is often treated with endothelin (ET) receptor blockade or phosphodiesterase-5 (PDE5) inhibition. Little is known about the specific effects on right ventricular function and metabolism.
Mayo Clinic Proceedings May 2009 vol. 84 no. 5 417-421
To clarify the clinical presentation and course of patients with spontaneous pneumomediastinum (SP) and to determine the usefulness of diagnostic testing in these patients.
Journal of Trauma-Injury Infection & Critical Care. 66(5):1343-1348, May 2009
Ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP) is a leading cause of mortality in critically ill patients. Although previous studies have shown that de-escalation therapy (DT) of antibiotics may decrease costs and the development of resistant pathogens, minimal data have shown its effect in surgical patients or in any patients with septic shock.
Influencing the progression of COPD has long been an elusive goal of drug therapy. Directly or indirectly, this has again been investigated in two of the largest, long-term drug trials in
COPD: Towards a Revolution in COPD Health (TORCH) and Understanding Potential Long-Term Impacts on Function with Tiotropium
(UPLIFT(R)).
Optimizing responses to intravenous furosemide (ivF) in acute pulmonary edema is limited by current insensitive noninvasive means of volume assessment.
Thorax. Published Online First: 21 April 2009. doi:10.1136/thx.2008.108985
Numerous areas of the human genome have previously been associated with asthma and asthma related phenotypes, but few positive findings have been successfully replicated in independent populations.
Pediatric Pulmonology Published Online: 8 May 2009
Variability in pulmonary disease severity is found in patients with cystic fibrosis (CF) who have identical mutations in the CF transmembrane conductance regulator
(CFTR) gene.
Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med. 2009, doi:10.1164/rccm.200902-0276OC
Prior research has suggested an association between chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
(COPD) and the development of cognitive decline; however, these studies have been cross-sectional or small case-series.
Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med. 2009, doi:10.1164/rccm.200807-1056OC
Airway mucus plugs, composed of mucin glycoproteins mixed with plasma proteins, are an important cause of airway obstruction in acute severe asthma, and they are poorly treated with current therapies.
Computer-aided detection (CAD) has been shown to increase the sensitivity for detection of pulmonary nodules in adults. This study reports initial findings utilizing a CAD system for the detection of pediatric pulmonary nodules.
Transplant International, Volume 22, Number 6, June 2009 , pp. 635-643(9)
The optimal maintenance therapy after lung transplantation remains to be established. The aim of this study was to analyse the impact of tacrolimus and mycophenolate mofetil
(MMF) as first line immunosuppression on long-term survival and Bronchiolitis Obliterans Syndrome
(BOS).
Thorax. Published Online First: 21 April 2009. doi:10.1136/thx.2008.109983
The aim of this study was to evaluate whether patients with non-severe community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) have a shorter length of stay (LOS) when initially seen by a respiratory physician compared with a non-respiratory physician.
Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med. 2009, doi:10.1164/rccm.200806-840OC
Previous studies have shown associations between dust exposure or lung burden and emphysema in coal miners, although the separate contributions of various predictors have not been clearly demonstrated.
Beta-blockers are frequently withheld in patients with cardiovascular disease who also have chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
(COPD) because of concerns that they might provoke bronchospasm and cause deterioration in health status.
Pediatric Pulmonology Published Online: 8 May 2009
A female infant presented at birth with respiratory distress, which was subsequently shown to be secondary to lymphoid
bronchiolitis, an exceptionally rare condition in childhood.
BMC Pulmonary Medicine 2009, 9:18doi:10.1186/1471-2466-9-18
The association between systemic sclerosis and pulmonary arterial hypertension
(PAH) is well recognized. Vascular endothelial growth factor
(VEGF) has been reported to play an important role in pulmonary hypertension.
BMC Pulmonary Medicine 2009, 9:20doi:10.1186/1471-2466-9-20
Recombinant human activated protein C (rhAPC) is associated with improved survival in high-risk patients with severe sepsis; however, the effects of both lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and rhAPC on the bronchoalveolar lavage fluid
(BALF) proteome are unknown.
BMC Pulmonary Medicine 2009, 9:17doi:10.1186/1471-2466-9-17
The incidence and morbidity of wheezing illnesses and childhood asthma is especially high in poor urban areas. This paper describes the study design, methods, and population of the Urban Environment and Childhood Asthma
(URECA) study, which was established to investigate the immunologic causes of asthma among inner-city children.
Pediatric Critical Care Medicine. 10(3):297-302, May 2009
There are data suggesting that blood product transfusions increase the risk of developing acute lung injury (ALI) in adults, and may be associated with increased mortality in adults with ALI.
Pediatric Blood & Cancer Published Online: 5 May 2009
Second malignancies occur in 2-3% of survivors of pediatric osteosarcoma; treatment-related hematologic and solid malignancies have both been described. We present two cases of patients with pulmonary nodules that developed more than 2 years after treatment of
osteosarcoma.
Although the pathogenesis of toluene diisocyanate (TDI)-induced occupational asthma
(TDI-OA) is incompletely understood, several studies have suggested immunologic mechanisms, including specific IgE responses.
World Journal of Surgery 0364-2313 (Print) 10.1007/s00268-009-0068-5
Computed tomography (CT) scans of the chest permit us to identify a large number of small peripheral, undefined pulmonary lesions that require a diagnosis.
Am. J. Respir. Cell Mol. Biol. 2009, doi:10.1165/rcmb.2008-0270OC
The lung is dynamically remodeled in response to injury which alters extracellular matrix composition and can lead to either healthy or impaired lung regeneration.
Performances of five commercial Taqman real-time PCR assays for the detection of Mycoplasma pneumoniae in respiratory tract specimens were evaluated in comparison with an in-house real-time
PCR. All kits allowed prompt and specific results validated by the use of an internal control. The Nanogen kit showed the best clinical sensitivity.
Chest Published online before print May 2009, doi: 10.1378/chest.09-0085
Failure to wean from prolonged mechanical ventilation (MV) is common in long term acute care hospitals
(LTACH), but the process of terminal withdrawal of MV in the LTACH is not well described.
Journal of Trauma-Injury Infection & Critical Care. 66(5):1343-1348, May 2009
Ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP) is a leading cause of mortality in critically ill patients. Although previous studies have shown that de-escalation therapy (DT) of antibiotics may decrease costs and the development of resistant pathogens, minimal data have shown its effect in surgical patients or in any patients with septic shock.
Journal of Trauma-Injury Infection & Critical Care. 66(5):1281-1285, May 2009
The typical response to burn stress causes burn shock, followed by a diuretic phase; however, fluid management remains crucial in this phase in the treatment of the elderly, patients with preexisting cardiac or renal diseases, and patients developing acute renal failure.
Despite the reciprocal relationship that exists between inflammation and thrombosis, we asked whether thrombosis can develop without inflammation, and whether stress-related hormones (ACTH and
cortisol) influence platelet-mediated thrombosis.
Cigarette smoke (CS) induces a rapid, sustained up-regulation of ceramide production in human bronchial epithelial cells, leading to increased apoptosis.
Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism, doi:10.1210/jc.2008-2662
There is strong evidence that insulin-like growth factor I (IGF-I) and binding protein 3 (IGFBP-3), as central mediators of endocrine and finally metabolic or anabolic effects of growth hormone, were associated with increased lung size in acromegaly or a decrease of respiratory muscle pressures in patients with GH deficiency.
American Journal of the Medical Sciences. 337(4):302-304, April 2009
Erdheim-Chester disease (ECD) is a rare proliferative
non-Langerhans cell histiocytosis of multiple organs with unknown etiology. Around 20% of ECD cases are reported to be associated with lung involvement and there are very few cases manifested solely by nonspecific respiratory symptoms.
Southern Medical Journal. 102(5):510-514, May 2009
Undocumented patient information in the medical record (MR) is a barrier to providing high quality care. Inadequate documentation has recently been reported for two cardiovascular diseases.
Journal of Bronchology & Interventional Pulmonology: January 2009 - Volume 16 - Issue 1 - pp 63-65
Bronchial dehiscence after lung transplantation is a rare complication yet has high morbidity and mortality. The majority of the patients are not surgical candidates.
The American Journal of Cardiology Volume 103, Issue 9, Pages 1309-1315 (1 May 2009)
Pulmonary arterial hypertension associated with congenital heart disease caused by systemic-to-pulmonary shunting was associated with a high risk of morbidity and mortality.
Acute lung injury is associated with an inflammatory response resulting from the action of multiple mediators. Many proinflammatory mediators released during lung injury exert effects by binding to G protein-coupled receptors
(GPCRs).
Sleep and Breathing 1520-9512 (Print) 10.1007/s11325-009-0253-7
In the interest of improving inter-rater reliability and standardization between sleep laboratories, hypopnea definitions were recently changed to place less emphasis on arousal scoring and more emphasis on oxygen
desaturations.
Dendritic cells (DCs) play an important role in directing naive T cells towards a Th1/Th2 or regulatory T cells
(Treg) cell phenotype. In this context, interleukin (IL)-10 has been shown to exhibit immune regulatory capacities.
Several lines of evidence suggest that the proteasome contributes to ischemia-reperfusion injury (I-RI) of organs. Although I-RI contributes to multiple disease processes in the lung, the regulation of proteasome activities during pulmonary I-RI is unknown.
Journal of Thoracic Oncology. 4(5):635-638, May 2009
Primary tracheal tumors are rare, and composed of various benign and malignant pathologies. Although nationwide epidemiologic studies were reported in western population, study about the oriental population is lacking.
According to current guidelines, spirometry should be performed in patients suspected of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
(COPD) by the results of history taking and physical examination. However, little is known about the diagnostic value of patient history and physical examination for
COPD.
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a highly prevalent disease. Currently, severity Global initiative for chronic Obstructive Lung Disease (GOLD) criteria are used to diagnose the severity of
COPD, but a new grading system, the body mass index, bronchial obstruction,
dyspnea, exercise (BODE) index, was recently proposed to provide useful prognostic information.
Sleep and Breathing 1520-9512 (Print) 10.1007/s11325-009-0259-1
Systemic inflammation is important in the pathogenesis of cardiovascular disease
(CVD). We sought to characterize the systemic inflammatory profile associated with obstructive sleep apnea
(OSA).
Current Respiratory Medicine Reviews, Volume 5, Number 2, May 2009 , pp. 110-114(5)
Alveolar capillary dysplasia (ACD) is a recently recognized lethal lung malformation. ACD is a rare congenital disorder of pulmonary vascular development associated with unremitting hypoxemia and respiratory failure.
Current Respiratory Medicine Reviews, Volume 5, Number 2, May 2009 , pp. 120-124(5)
Diffuse alveolar hemorrhage (DAH) is a potentially life-threatening pulmonary manifestation that has been associated with various diseases. It is a medical emergency that requires prompt diagnosis and aggressive treatment.
Journal of Thoracic Oncology. 4(5):649-651, May 2009
Positron Emission Tomography (PET) with F-18-fluorodeoxyglucose is commonly used in the evaluation of lung nodules; however, there is limited data on the PET appearance of coal worker's pneumoconiosis
(CWP) and its utility for diagnosing lung malignancy in this setting.
International Journal of Cardiology Volume 134, Issue 2, Pages 150-159 (15 May 2009)
Antiplatelet therapy is vital for the secondary prevention of cardiovascular events in patients with atherothrombosis (acute coronary syndromes, cerebrovascular disease and peripheral arterial disease).
The variability between RSV strains is one of the features of RSV infections that might contribute to the ability of the virus to infect people repeatedly and cause yearly outbreaks. To study the molecular epidemiology more than 1400 RSV were identified from human nasopharyngeal aspirates, nasal or throat swabs from patients with respiratory illness and differentiated by TaqMan RT-PCR into group A and B. RSV group A was dominant in seven out of nine epidemic seasons.
Combination treatment of inhaled corticosteroid (ICS) plus long-acting {beta}2-agonist
(LABA) is widely used as a maintenance regimen for the management of asthma.
The chemokine receptor CXCR6 is highly expressed on lung-derived T cells compared to blood T cells, especially in inflammatory diseases characterised by T-cell migration to the lung. This suggests that CXCR6 is a candidate lung homing receptor.
Thorax. Published Online First: 21 April 2009. doi:10.1136/thx.2009.113795
The 2007 Infectious Disease Society of America (IDSA) / American Thoracic Society
(ATS) guidelines defined severe community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) and recommended intensive care unit (ICU) admission when patients fulfilled 3 out of 9 minor criteria. These criteria have not been validated.
American Journal of the Medical Sciences. 337(4):236-240, April 2009
The clinical and epidemiological significance of community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) with a chest radiograph demonstrating no parenchymal infiltrate has not been studied.
Archives of Iranian Medicine, Volume 12, Number 3, 2009: 256 - 261
Measurement of lung volumes, especially residual volume and total lung capacity are essential for assessment of restrictive lung disorders. Information regarding normative prediction values for lung volumes as measured by body plethysmography is scarce, and plethysmographic parameters are believed to be poorly reproducible.
ANZ Journal of Surgery Volume 79 Issue s1, Pages A80 - A80
Radical lobectomy for early-stage Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer (NSCLC) by way of Video-assisted Thoracic Surgery (VATS) is a safe procedure with reduced post-operative morbidity.
Current Respiratory Medicine Reviews, Volume 5, Number 2, May 2009 , pp. 105-109(5)
Electrical Impedance Tomography is a non invasive lung function monitoring with the possibility of regional lung function studies concerning regional ventilation, regional lung perfusion and regional lung mechanics.
Chronic infection with the environmental bacterium Pseudomonas aeruginosa is associated with greater morbidity and mortality for people with cystic fibrosis.
Soluble adenylyl cyclase toxins, such as Pseudomonas aeruginosa exoY, generate a cAMP pool that retracts cell borders. However, the cytoskeletal basis by which this cAMP signal retracts cell borders is not known.
Infections produce severe respiratory muscle dysfunction. It is known that the proteasome proteolytic system is activated in skeletal muscle in sepsis and it has been postulated that this degradative pathway is responsible for inducing skeletal muscle weakness and wasting.
Angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) is a terminal carboxypeptidase and the receptor for the SARS and NL63 coronaviruses
(CoV). Loss of ACE2 function is implicated in SARS pathogenesis, but little is known about ACE2 biogenesis and activity in the airways.
Journal of Thoracic Oncology. 4(5):663-665, May 2009
Primary pulmonary choriocarcinoma is an extremely rare condition that is difficult to diagnose. In this report, we describe a case of primary pulmonary choriocarcinoma that presented with a
hemothorax, initially diagnosed as an ectopic pregnancy.
Pediatric Surgery International 0179-0358 (Print) 10.1007/s00383-009-2371-5
Congenital cystic adenomatoid malformation (CCAM) represents a rare congenital anomaly of the lung. It remains controversial whether patients with asymptomatic lesions warrant early surgical intervention.
Experimental and Clinical Cardiology Spring 2009, Volume 14 Issue 1: e 17-e 20
A case of infectious endocarditis with septic embolization as a rare but potentially fatal complication of cardiac catheterization is described, followed by a detailed review of the literature.
The Proceedings of the American Thoracic Society 6:288-294 (2009)
The purpose of this review is to discuss recent findings made during studies of the upper airways and sinuses of people with chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) in the context of the literature.
Current Respiratory Medicine Reviews, Volume 5, Number 2, May 2009 , pp. 69-72(4)
The concentration of airborne particulate matters (PM) is related to daily hospital admissions for several pulmonary disorders such as bronchial asthma, acute and chronic
bronchiolitis, and pneumonia.
Transplant Infectious Disease Published Online: 3 May 2009
To characterize epidemiology and risk factors for respiratory viral infections
(RVI) in pediatric lung transplant recipients within the first post-transplant year, a retrospective multicenter study of pediatric lung transplant recipients from 1988 to 2005 was conducted at 14 centers in the United States and Europe.
Chest Published online before print May 2009, doi: 10.1378/chest.09-0434
As part of our influenza pandemic preparedness, we studied the exhaled air dispersion distances and directions through two different facemasks
(Respironics; Murrysville, PA) attached to a Human-Patient-Simulator
(HPS) during noninvasive positive pressure ventilation (NPPV) in an isolation room with pressure of -5Pa.
The Proceedings of the American Thoracic Society 6:306-311 (2009)
Asthma is a syndrome of lung dysfunction characterized by airflow obstruction, reversibility to bronchodilators, and airways hyperresponsiveness
(AHR).
Expert Review of Anti-infective Therapy May 2009, Vol. 7, No. 4, Pages 437-451
Pneumonia is a major cause of childhood mortality and morbidity worldwide, particularly in low-income countries. Often, these are also the countries most affected by the HIV epidemic.
Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy, May 2009, p. 1786-1792, Vol. 53, No. 5
EDP-420 (EP-013420, S-013420) is a first-in-class bicyclolide (bridged bicyclic
macrolide) currently in clinical development for the treatment of respiratory tract infections.
Current Respiratory Medicine Reviews, Volume 5, Number 2, May 2009 , pp. 81-89(9)
oshanda, a polyherbal Unani (Greco-arab) formulation is extensively used in the treatment of upper and lower respiratory catarrh. After the renewed attention and interest in the use of traditional medicines at the global level, Joshanda is extensively being used for the treatment of URC (Upper Respiratory Catarrh), particularly in the chronic cases.
There is little information on the differences in polysomnographic findings in obstructive sleep apnea syndrome
(OSAS) between elderly and young or middle-aged adults.
Current Respiratory Medicine Reviews, Volume 5, Number 2, May 2009 , pp. 90-95(6)
Despite advances in antimicrobial therapy and supportive measures, mortality in patients with severe community- acquired pneumonia admitted to the intensive care unit remains high, especially in case of development of sepsis with its complications.
The Urgent Care Team (UCT) in Sunderland (pop. 293,000) is a unique nurse practitioner service operating a hospital at home 24/7/365 to deal promptly with patients suffering an exacerbation of their COPD
(AECOPD).
Chest Published online before print May 2009, doi: 10.1378/chest.08-2413
C-reactive protein has been studied as a marker of systemic inflammation and outcome in a number of diseases, but little is known about its characteristics in
ARDS.
Archives of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine: Vol. 133, No. 5, pp. 820–825
We present a brief review of sclerosing hemangioma, an uncommon but histologically distinctive neoplasm of the lung. Based on immunohistochemical and molecular findings, sclerosing hemangioma is thought to be derived from incompletely differentiated respiratory epithelium.
Emerging Infectious Diseases Volume 15, Number 5-May 2009
Viral infections are among the leading causes of respiratory disease in children. Most of these infections are caused by respiratory syncytial virus (RSV), influenza virus A or B
(FluV), parainfluenza virus (PIV), rhinovirus (RV), or adenovirus
(AdV).
International Journal of Cardiology Volume 134, Issue 2, Pages 224-230 (15 May 2009)
Although amiodarone is a potent antiarrhythmic agent, its clinical use is limited by serious lung toxicity. This study investigated the mechanisms of
amiodarone-induced lung toxicity from an immunological perspective.
Journal of Pediatric Psychology, doi:10.1093/jpepsy/jsp029
Better nutrition enhances lung function and increases survival for children with cystic fibrosis (CF). Therefore, we developed a standardized strategy to evaluate nutritional status and create individualized treatment plans to ensure that all patients received the same high-quality care in a busy CF Center.
To compare the performance of apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) with that of signal intensity of the lesion-to-spinal cord ratio
(LSR) in differentiating lung cancer from benign lesions on high-b value diffusion-weighted
(DW) magnetic resonance (MR) images.
Journal of Virology, May 2009, p. 5278-5281, Vol. 83, No. 10
Highly pathogenic H5N1 influenza viruses continue to cause concern, even though currently circulating strains are not efficiently transmitted among humans. For efficient transmission, amino acid changes in viral proteins may be required.
Asthma is the most prevalent chronic disease in children. To quantify the national prevalence of asthma symptoms in Iranian children, we conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis.
Pseudomonas aeruginosa, an opportunistic respiratory pathogen, often causes pulmonary infection in patients with chronic inflammatory airway diseases and forms drug-resistant
biofilm. Elafin, a natural antibiotic, has antimicrobial properties against Gram-negative bacteria.
Journal of Bone and Joint Surgery - British Volume, Vol 91-B, Issue 5, 645-648
We studied 4253 patients undergoing primary joint replacement between November 2002 and November 2007, of whom 4060 received aspirin only as chemical prophylaxis; 46 were mistakenly given low molecular weight heparin initially, which was stopped and changed to aspirin; 136 received no chemoprophylaxis and 11 patients received warfarin because of a previous history of pulmonary embolism.
Anaesthesia, Volume 64, Number 6, June 2009 , pp. 666-673(8)
Bronchoscopy and bronchial suctioning during intra-operative artificial ventilation often causes leakage from the ventilation circuit with a decrease in ventilatory parameters and possible workplace contamination with anaesthetic gases.
Sputum concentration increases the sensitivity of smear microscopy for the diagnosis of tuberculosis (TB), but few studies have investigated this method in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected individuals.
Pediatric Pulmonology Published Online: 5 May 2009
Lung transplantation in childhood is a highly specialized clinical practice confined to a few centers around the world. Organ availability remains an important limiting factor in extending the application of this procedure to more infants, children and adolescents.
Chest Published online before print May 2009, doi: 10.1378/chest.08-2942
Increased concentrations of exhaled nitric oxide (ENO) are identified predominantly in subjects with chronic cough due to conditions that habitually respond well to inhaled corticosteroids (ICS).
Secondhand smoke (SHS) is a major contributor to indoor air pollution. Because it contains respiratory irritants, it may adversely influence the clinical course of persons with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
(COPD).
Chest Published online before print May 2009, doi: 10.1378/chest.08-2990
Churg-Strauss Syndrome (CSS) is a rare systemic vasculitis associated with asthma,
eosinophilia, sinusitis, and pulmonary infiltrates. CSS has been reported in association with asthma therapies.
Respiratory Research 2009, 10:34doi:10.1186/1465-9921-10-34
One of the mechanisms by which adult disease can arise from a fetal origin is by in utero disruption of organogenesis. These studies were designed to examine respiratory function changes in aging rats following transient disruption of lung growth at 16 days gestation.
Sleep Medicine Volume 10, Issue 5, Pages 572-576 (May 2009)
Despite complaints of poor sleep being very common in people with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
(COPD), restless legs syndrome (RLS) symptoms have not been extensively investigated in these patients.
Sleep Medicine Volume 10, Issue 5, Pages 566-571 (May 2009)
To characterize periodic leg movements (PLM) and their association with sleep disturbances in drug-free patients with restless legs syndrome
(RLS) and healthy subjects without sleep complaints.
Sleep Medicine Volume 10, Issue 5, Pages 524-530 (May 2009)
In accordance with the diagnostic criteria of the International Restless Legs Syndrome
(RLS) Study Group, the diagnosis of RLS is exclusively based on subjective information.
Sleep Medicine Volume 10, Issue 5, Pages 515-523 (May 2009)
There is a need for structured methods to improve sensitivity and specificity of diagnostic decision making in Restless Legs Syndrome
(RLS). We present the RLS-Diagnostic Index (RLS-DI), a diagnostic algorithm which combines essential and supportive diagnostic criteria from patient interviews, polysomnography and neurological examination in an adaptive procedure.
ANZ Journal of Surgery Volume 79 Issue s1, Pages A90 - A90
Intravenous Leiomyomatosis (IVL) with cardiac extension is a rare uterine
tumour. We present an unusual case of uterine leiomyoma that progressed along the inferior vena cava into the right atrium.
Lymphobronchial tuberculosis (TB) causes airway compression in 38% of patients. The airway obstruction is conventionally assessed with fibreoptic tracheobronchoscopy
(FTB).
Lower life expectancy in men is generally attributed to higher likelihood of risky behavior and because men develop chronic conditions earlier. If sex-related differences in survival are independent of preinfection chronic health and health behavior, it would suggest that survival differences may occur because of sex differences in quality of care and biological response to infection, and these differences may contribute to sex differences in life expectancy.
Neurourology and Urodynamics Published Online: 1 May 2009
Cystic fibrosis (CF) is the commonest autosomal recessive disorder in Caucasians. With advancing medical technology, the life expectancy has more than double in the last twenty years.
Traditionally inhaled treatment for asthma has been considered as preventer and reliever therapy. The combination of formoterol and budesonide in a single inhaler introduces the possibility of using a single inhaler for both prevention and relief of symptoms (single inhaler therapy).
Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy, May 2009, p. 2158-2159, Vol. 53, No. 5
Fifty clinical Mycoplasma pneumoniae strains were isolated from 370 children with respiratory tract infections. Four strains were susceptible to
macrolides, while the other 46 (92%) were macrolide resistant. The molecular mechanism of resistance was shown to be associated with point mutations in 23S rRNA at positions 2063 and 2064.
Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy, May 2009, p. 1868-1873, Vol. 53, No. 5
VIM-1-producing Klebsiella pneumoniae (VPKP) is an emerging pathogen. A prospective observational study was conducted to evaluate the importance of VIM production on outcome of patients with K. pneumoniae bloodstream infections
(BSIs).
Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol (April 10, 2009)
Acute pulmonary embolism occurs in more than half a million people a year in the United States. Chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension
(CTEPH) develops in ~4% of these patients due to unresolved
thromboemboli.
International guidelines recommend the use of population-specific reference values to eliminate the well-recognized influence of ethnic variation on lung function.
The Proceedings of the American Thoracic Society 6:283-287 (2009)
Since the recognition that asthma is genetically determined, enormous progress has been made to understand which genes determine disease development in interaction with each other and/or with different environmental factors.
The Proceedings of the American Thoracic Society 6:256-259 (2009)
Cellular inflammation of the airways with eosinophils and neutrophils is a characteristic feature of asthma and is considered relevant to the pathogenesis of the disease.
Disturbed sleep is reportedly common in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
(COPD), but the impact of quality of sleep on health-related quality of life
(HRQL) has not been previously investigated in these individuals.
During thoracotomy, positive end-expiratory pressure is applied to the dependent lung and continuous positive airway pressure
(CPAP) inflates the nondependent lung to avoid hypoxemia. These methods do not allow the removal of produced secretions.
The clinical utility of antigen-specific IFN-{gamma}-release-assays (IGRAs), using pleural mononuclear cells, for the diagnosis of TB requires clarification.
Video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery (VATS) is an increasingly used technique to treat patients with pulmonary metastases, but it does not usually afford lung palpation.
Expert Review of Respiratory Medicine April 2009, Vol. 3, No. 2, Pages 187-196
Pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH), a common complication of systemic sclerosis, carries a very severe prognosis and is one of the leading causes of death in patients who suffer from it.
Expert Review of Respiratory Medicine April 2009, Vol. 3, No. 2, Pages 165-175
Although wheezing illness is at its most prevalent in infancy and early childhood, its self-limiting nature in the majority poses considerable challenges in offering a long-term prognosis and in initiating long-term prophylaxis.
Amiodarone is an antiarrhythmic agent commonly used to treat supraventricular and ventricular arrhythmias. This drug is an iodinecontaining compound that tends to accumulate in several organs, including the lungs. It has been associated with a variety of adverse events.
Expert Review of Respiratory Medicine April 2009, Vol. 3, No. 2, Pages 153-164
Community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) is a common presentation to both primary and secondary care, representing approximately 5% of the acute medical intake in the UK.
Central venous O2 saturation (ScvO2) has emerged as an important resuscitation goal for critically ill patients. Nevertheless, growing concerns about its limitations as a perfusion parameter have been expressed recently, including the uncommon finding of low ScvO2 values in ICU patients.
Mycobacterium avium complex (MAC) infections are increasing annually in various countries including Japan, but the route of transmission and pathophysiology of the infection remain unclear.
Canadian Respiratory Journal March/April 2009, Volume 16 Issue 2: e 1-e 2
Chyloptysis, in the context of middle lobe syndrome, and chylothorax are rare clinical entities. They are reported in the medical literature mostly as case reports, but never together in the same patient.
Chest Published online before print April 2009, doi: 10.1378/chest.09-0325
The incidence of multiple lung adenocarcinomas is rising, making it difficult to determine stage and assign treatment in an increasing number of patients following surgery.
Ablation procedures for atrial fibrillation are being performed with increasing frequency. One of the most serious complications is the development of pulmonary vein
stenosis, which occurs in 1% to 3% of current series.
Journal of Occupational Medicine and Toxicology 2009, 4:9doi:10.1186/1745-6673-4-9
Exposure to cooking fumes may have different deleterious effects on the respiratory system. The aim of this study was to look at possible effects from inhalation of cooking fumes on pulmonary function.
Sang Thrombose Vaisseaux. Volume 21, Number 4, 181-5
Pulmonary embolism with cardiogenic shock is associated with a 25 to 50% mortality rate. Although no large randomized clinical trial is available, some insights of a meta-analysis suggest that thrombolysis decreases mortality in these patients.
ANZ Journal of Surgery Volume 79 Issue s1, Pages A87 - A87
Small-bore radio-opaque drains such as Bonanno's catheter, pigtail catheters and
Pleurocath(r) (PRODiMED, France) can be used to drain pleural effusions.
ANZ Journal of Surgery Volume 79 Issue s1, Pages A83 - A83
Donation after cardiac death (DCD) from Maastrict category 3 donors consisted of approximately 12% of our lung transplant activity in 2008. We will review the results of our DCD lung transplants and discuss the future direction of the program at St Vincent's Hospital.
Cephalalgia, Volume 29, Number 6, June 2009 , pp. 635-641(7)
Morning headache is accepted as part of clinical findings of obstructive sleep apnoea syndrome
(OSAS). The prevalence of morning headache is at variable levels from 18% to 74% in patients with
OSAS.
Primary Care Respiratory Journal Ahead of print article in press
Most of the studies that have explored the relationship between obstructive sleep apnoea
(OSA) and asthma have focused on the prevalence of snoring and OSA symptoms in patients with asthma.
Axillary artery has been proposed as a safe and effective alternative for arterial cannulation in surgical procedures involving ascending aorta and/or aortic arch, and is nowadays the site of choice in many
centres.
We and other investigators have hypothesized that the CXCR3/CXCR3 ligand biological axis is involved in the formation of sarcoid lung
granulomas, however significant discrepancies in the current literature remain.
Sleeve resections were introduced to preserve lung function in patients with limited pulmonary reserve. Ischaemia and infection of the distal part of the anastomosis is the leading cause of bronchial anastomotic leakage.
A prospective, randomized study to evaluate the effectiveness and safety of a polymeric sealant
(Coseal(R), Baxter Healthcare, Deerfield, IL) to reduce air leaks and to improve postoperative outcome in patients undergoing lung resection.
Pulmonary metastasectomy is an accepted procedure in selected patients, very often requiring multiple non-anatomical resections. Although it is intuitive that functional loss is proportional to the number and extent of pulmonary resections, this link has never been proved and is the hypothesis behind this study.
Expert Opinion on Pharmacotherapy May 2009, Vol. 10, No. 7, Pages 1109-1121
Given the nonspecific clinical manifestations of Legionnaires' disease and the high mortality of untreated Legionnaires' disease, we recommend routine use of Legionella testing, especially the Legionella urinary antigen test, for all patients with community-acquired pneumonia.
Primary Care Respiratory Journal Ahead of print article in press
To assess the effect of tiotropium 18mcg once daily on chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
(COPD) exacerbations and exacerbation-related hospitalisations using a patient-level pooled analysis.
Obstructive sleep apnoea should be considered in a range of presentations. Diagnosis is based on history, examination, investigation and, occasionally, a trial of therapy.
Risk factors for Pseudomonas aeruginosa (PA) isolation in patients hospitalized for COPD exacerbation remain controversial. The aim of our study was to determine the incidence and risk factors for PA isolation in sputum at hospital admission in a prospective cohort of patients with
AECOPD.
Respiratory Research 2009, 10:33doi:10.1186/1465-9921-10-33
Background MIF is a critical mediator of the host defense, and is involved in both acute and chronic responses in the lung. Neutralization of MIF reduces neutrophil accumulation into the lung in animal models.
Sleep Medicine Volume 10, Issue 4, Pages 494-496 (April 2009)
A middle-aged architect, suffering from familial, idiopathic,
levodopa-responsive restless legs syndrome (RLS) progressively abused levodopa for 10 years, to the point of taking 20 tablets/day (4000mg/day) for 6 months.
Sleep Medicine Volume 10, Issue 4, Pages 471-478 (April 2009)
To evaluate NREM sleep microstructure in children with obstructive sleep apnea syndrome
(OSAS) before and after one year of rapid maxillary expander
(RME) treatment by means of the cyclic alternating pattern (CAP).
Pulmonary artery sarcomas are rare neoplasms that are often confused with chronic
thrombo-embolic disease, as both can have similar clinical and imaging presentation.
It is increasingly recognized world-wide that Panton-Valentine leukocidin
(PVL)-positive Staphylococcus aureus (PVL-SA) is associated with a highly aggressive and often fatal form of community-acquired pneumonia.
Pediatric Research. 65(5 Part 2) Supplement:84R-90R, May 2009
The contribution of Ureaplasma respiratory tract colonization to the pathogenesis of bronchopulmonary dysplasia in preterm infants has been debated for over 20 y.
Keratinocyte growth factor (KGF) is expressed primarily by fibroblasts, is important for alveolar epithelial proliferation/function, and protects against lung injury in multiple animal models.
Serum lactate is a potentially useful biomarker to risk-stratify patients with severe sepsis; however, it is plausible that elevated serum lactate is simply a manifestation of clinically apparent organ dysfunction and/or shock (i.e., refractory hypotension).
Inflammatory markers have been assessed for the diagnosis and follow-up of ventilator-associated pneumonia
(VAP), but their potential role in predicting the risk for VAP is unknown. We prospectively assessed the evolution of cytokines in mechanically ventilated patients and their predictive and diagnostic role for
VAP.
This study examined the effectiveness of prospective stratification to identify and target high-dose glucocorticoid therapy for subjects developing lethal sepsis.
Annals of Allergy, Asthma and Immunology, Volume 102, Number 5, May 2009 , pp. 432-437(6)
Invariant natural killer T (iNKT) cells produce cytokines that can influence the immune response to infection or allergen. Controversy surrounds their role in exacerbations of human atopic asthma.
Annals of Allergy, Asthma and Immunology, Volume 102, Number 5, May 2009 , pp. 385-392(8)
To develop a tool, the REACT Score, that can be used by physicians to compute the risk of having uncontrolled asthma based on patient attitudes toward medical professionals and asthma treatment.
Intensive Care Medicine 0342-4642 (Print) 10.1007/s00134-009-1501-9
To evaluate, in adults, the diagnostic accuracy of the cuff-leak test for the diagnosis of upper airway obstruction secondary to laryngeal edema and for reintubation secondary to upper airway obstruction.
Canadian Respiratory Journal March/April 2009, Volume 16 Issue 2: e 3-e 5
The case of a 33-year-old man with aplastic anemia who experienced recurrent episodes of hypoxemia and pulmonary infiltrates during infusions of antithymocyte globulin
(ATG) is described.
The Journal of Infectious Diseases 2009;199:1435-1441
The factors that cause prolonged human influenza virus respiratory tract infection and determine its clinical impact and the development of drug-resistant viruses are unclear.
The Journal of Infectious Diseases 2009;199:1419-1426
In 2007, a US Air Force training facility reported a cluster of severe respiratory illnesses associated with a rare human adenovirus (Ad) serotype, Ad14. We investigated this outbreak to better understand its epidemiology, clinical spectrum, and associated risk factors.
Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med. 2009, doi:10.1164/rccm.200808-1250OC
A well-known clinical paradox is that severe bacterial infections persist in the lungs of cystic fibrosis (CF) patients despite the abundance of polymorphonuclear neutrophils
(PMN) and the presence of high concentration of human neutrophil peptides
(HNP), both of which are expected to kill the bacteria but fail to do so.
Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med. 2009, doi:10.1164/rccm.200811-1730OC
Airway remodeling in asthma is associated with the accumulation of fibroblasts, the primary cell responsible for synthesis and secretion of extracellular matrix proteins.
Chest Published online before print April 2009, doi: 10.1378/chest.08-2481
Despite optimal drug treatment, many patients with CHF or COPD still suffer from disabling
dyspnea, fatigue and exercise intolerance. They also exhibit significant changes in body composition.
Chest Published online before print April 2009, doi: 10.1378/chest.08-0659
Pleural effusion occurs often in patients with left heart failure (LHF). There are no large-scale clinical studies investigating the incidence of pleural effusion in patients with right heart failure
(RHF) alone.
Chest Published online before print April 2009, doi: 10.1378/chest.09-0270
The objective of this study was to compare the diagnostic accuracy of pleural fluid B-type natriuretic peptide
(BNP), amino-terminal proBNP (NT-proBNP) and ST2, which are biomarkers of myocyte stress, for diagnosing pleural effusions due to heart failure
(HF). BNP and ST2 have not been previously evaluated in pleural fluid.
The purpose of this work was to evaluate the impact of the implementation of a ventilation protocol driven by registered respiratory therapists on respiratory outcomes of premature infants with birth weight >1250 g.
Weaning-induced pulmonary edema is a cause of weaning failure in high-risk patients. The diagnosis may require pulmonary artery catheterization to demonstrate increased pulmonary artery occlusion pressure
(PAOP) during weaning.
The Proceedings of the American Thoracic Society 6:295-300 (2009)
Breathing is known to functionally antagonize bronchoconstriction caused by airway muscle contraction. During breathing, tidal lung inflation generates force fluctuations that are transmitted to the contracted airway muscle.
Chest Published online before print April 2009, doi: 10.1378/chest.08-2741
Numerous studies have examined the relationship between fractional concentration of exhaled nitric oxide
(FeNO) and airway hyperresponsiveness (AHR), but studies regarding the effect of age on the relationship between FeNO and AHR are scarce.
Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med. 2009, doi:10.1164/rccm.200901-0078OC
Moxifloxacin has potent activity against Mycobacterium tuberculosis in vitro and in a mouse model of antituberculosis (TB) chemotherapy, but data regarding its activity in humans are limited.
Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med. 2009, doi:10.1164/rccm.200808-1341OC
Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is an independent risk factor for stroke, but little is known about the role of continuous positive airway pressure
(CPAP) on mortality in stroke patients.
Respiratory Research 2009, 10:32doi:10.1186/1465-9921-10-32
Simvastatin has been shown to ameliorate pulmonary hypertension by several mechanisms in experimental animal models. In this study, we hypothesized that the major benefits of simvastatin in pulmonary hypertension occur via the heme oxygenase-1 pathway.
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