Do bullae and emphysema increase risk of pneumothorax in silicosis

01/12/2008 07:43 PM

Amer J Perinatol : DOI: 10.1055/s-2007-1022470

We studied the effect of antenatal corticosteroids on the incidence of respiratory disorders in singleton neonates born between 34 and 36 weeks of gestation.

An overview of EPR3 Asthma Guidelines - What's different

01/12/2008 07:40 PM

Allergy and Asthma Proceedings, Volume 28, Number 6, November/December 2007 , pp. 671-687(17)

Flunisolide (FLU) is a synthetic corticosteroid with potent topical anti-inflammatory activity. Its oral bioavailability is poor (6.7%). After gastrointestinal and lung absorption, the drug undergoes rapid and extensive first-pass metabolism by the liver to an inactive 6Beta-hydroxylated metabolite. Plasma half-life is estimated to be 3.9 to 4.6 hours.

Factors impacting on length of stay and mortality of community-acquired pneumonia

01/12/2008 07:38 PM

Infect Control Hosp Epidemiol 2008;29:89-91

We assessed the rates of influenza vaccine acceptance and the reasons for acceptance or refusal among medical residents in different disciplines during the 2004-2005 influenza season.

Development of an Algorithm for Surveillance of Ventilator-Associated Pneumonia With Electronic Data and Comparison of Algorithm Results With Clinician Diagnoses

01/12/2008 07:33 PM

Clinical Science (2008) 114, (243–249)

Patients with heart failure or OSA (obstructive sleep apnoea) have reduced HF-HRV (high-frequency heart rate variability), indicating reduced cardiac vagal modulation, a marker of poor prognosis. CPAP (continuous positive airway pressure) abolishes OSA in patients with heart failure, but effects on daytime HF-HRV have not been determined.

Association between exhaled nitric oxide and systemic inflammatory markers

01/12/2008 07:31 PM

Journal of the American Geriatrics Society doi:10.1111/j.1532-5415.2007.01562.x

To evaluate hospital readmission rates and mortality at 6-month follow-up in selected elderly patients with acute exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD).

The role of lung function in brain tissue oxygenation following traumatic brain injury

01/12/2008 07:29 PM

Chest. 2008; 133:220-225

Recent studies have suggested involvement of the angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) insertion/deletion (I/D) polymorphism in the susceptibility to and severity of community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) in Asian populations. We have explored the hypothesis that the ACE I/D polymorphism affects the risk and outcome of CAP in a Dutch white population.

Severe Hemoptysis of Pulmonary Arterial Origin

01/12/2008 07:27 PM

Chest. 2008; 133:271-280

Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is considered the archetypal systemic autoimmune disease. Clinically characterized by multisystem involvement and varied serologic abnormalities, no two patients present or have disease that evolves in exactly the same way.

Long-term Follow-up of a Fenestrated Amplatzer Atrial Septal Occluder in Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension

01/12/2008 07:25 PM

Chest. 2008; 133:13-18

Although tobacco smoke is the main cause of COPD, relatively little attention has been paid to its potential damage to skeletal muscle. This article addresses the effect of smoking on skeletal muscle.

Is Airway Smooth Muscle the 'Missing Link' Modulating Airway Inflammation in Asthma

01/12/2008 07:24 PM

Chest. 2008; 133:190-196

Aging plays a critical role in the pathophysiology of atrial fibrillation (AF). The left atrium (LA) and pulmonary veins (PVs) are essential components for the genesis and maintenance of AF. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of aging on the AF substrate and the initiator (PVs).

Fluid Therapy in Resuscitated Sepsis

01/12/2008 07:22 PM

Chest. 2008; 133:243-251

Nontuberculous mycobacteria (NTM) are increasingly associated with pulmonary disease. This is a worldwide phenomenon and one that is not related just to better diagnostic techniques or HIV infection. The mode of transmission of NTM is not well defined, but environmental exposure may be the major factor.

Occult Traumatic Pneumothorax

01/12/2008 07:21 PM

Chest. 2008; 133:226-232

The prognostic value of BAL fluid cell count differential in patients with idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is unknown. We hypothesized that baseline BAL fluid cell count differential (ie, elevated levels of neutrophils and eosinophils, or reduced levels of lymphocytes) would predict higher mortality among persons with IPF.

Elevated Serum Aminotransferase Levels in Children at Risk for Obstructive Sleep Apnea

01/10/2008 07:13 PM

Allergy and Asthma Proceedings, Volume 28, Number 6, November/December 2007 , pp. 614-619(6)

This article reviews the concept of airway remodeling, through various inflammatory cells, the roles of angiogenesis, vascular endothelial cell growth factor, respiratory syncytial virus, and other biomarkers, including exhaled nitric oxide. Control of allergic asthma using immunomodulation and other strategies is addressed.

Association of progressive structural changes in the bronchial epithelium with subepithelial fibrous remodeling - A potential role for hypoxia

01/10/2008 07:11 PM

Allergy and Asthma Proceedings, Volume 28, Number 6, November/December 2007 , pp. 654-658(5)

It is commonly believed that young children are incapable of pollen sensitization; therefore, skin testing usually is not performed to these allergens. The purpose of this study was to identify the frequency of positive skin tests to outdoor allergens among younger children who have asthma. Patients who have asthma, aged 6 months to 10 years, were evaluated for pollen sensitization over a 10-year period.

Use of remifentanil in general anesthesia for emergency cesarean section in a patient with severe valvular heart disease and pulmonary hypertension

01/10/2008 07:08 PM

The Proceedings of the American Thoracic Society 5:119-126 (2008)

Proliferation, migration, and differentiation of smooth muscle (SM)-like lymphangioleiomyomatosis (LAM) cells in the lungs are pathologic manifestations of pulmonary LAM, a rare lung disease predominantly afflicting women and exacerbated by pregnancy. LAM cells form nodules throughout the lung without any predominant localization, but can also form small cell clusters dispersed within lung parenchyma.

Airway Myofibroblasts and Their Relationship with Airway Myocytes and Fibroblasts

01/10/2008 07:06 PM

Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise. 40(1):3-8, January 2008

To determine the relative contributions of the Fick principle variables to impaired exercise tolerance in pulmonary arterial hypertension compared with pulmonary venous hypertension.

Early enteral supplementation with key pharmaconutrients improves Sequential Organ Failure Assessment score in critically ill patients with sepsis - Outcome of a randomized, controlled double-blind trial

01/10/2008 07:04 PM

Infect Control Hosp Epidemiol 2008;29:111-115

To determine the effect of a pandemic influenza preparedness drill on the rate of influenza vaccination among healthcare workers (HCWs).

Receptivity to Mandatory Influenza Vaccination Policies for Healthcare Workers Among Registered Nurses Working on Inpatient Units

01/10/2008 07:02 PM

Infect Control Hosp Epidemiol 2008;29:174-176

We surveyed house staff who had participated in a trial that compared influenza vaccination strategies for inpatients. House staff who were exposed to computer-generated vaccination orders were more likely to report that they recommended vaccination to their inpatients and outpatients, compared with house staff who were not exposed to a vaccination intervention.

An Evaluation of the Safety and Efficacy of an Anti-Inflammatory Pulmonary Enteral Formula in the Treatment of Pediatric Burn Patients With Respiratory Failure

01/10/2008 06:59 PM

The Journal of Infectious Diseases 2008;197:18-24

Animal model studies and human epidemiological studies have shown that some infectious diseases develop primarily in individuals with an inherited predisposition. A heritable contribution to the development of severe influenza virus infection (i.e., that which results in death) has not previously been hypothesized or tested.

Syk Associates with Clathrin and Mediates Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinase Activation during Human Rhinovirus Internalization

01/10/2008 06:57 PM

Chest. 2007; 132:1447-1454

Acute lung injury is a common cause of morbidity and mortality following pulmonary or systemic infections. Surfactant protein-D is a member of the collectin family of proteins, which play important roles in innate host defense of the lung. In this study, the effect of exogenous recombinant human SP-D (rhSP-D) on protection of the adult mouse lung from lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced and lipoteichoic acid (LTA)-induced injury was assessed.

Expression and Regulation of CCR1 by Airway Smooth Muscle Cells in Asthma

01/10/2008 06:55 PM

Scandinavian Cardiovascular Journal, Volume 41, Issue 6 2007 , pages 405 - 410

Patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and coronary artery disease (CAD) are associated with exercise intolerance. Whether exercise intolerance and reduced mechanical efficiency are due to inactivity alone or to disease related muscular abnormalities is not clear.

Severe Pneumonia Due to Adenovirus Serotype 14 - A New Respiratory Threat

01/10/2008 06:53 PM

Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise. 40(1):9-14, January 2008

Abnormal skeletal muscle function is well documented in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, but there is no information about the activity of muscle metabosensitive afferents. In this study, we tested the hypothesis that patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease would have abnormal reflex responses to stimulation of metabosensitive afferents in skeletal muscle when compared with healthy, matched subjects.

Chloramphenicol versus ampicillin plus gentamicin for community acquired very severe pneumonia among children aged 2-59 months in low resource settings - multicentre randomised controlled trial SPEAR study

01/10/2008 06:51 PM

Annals of Allergy, Asthma and Immunology, Volume 99, Number 6, December 2007 , pp. 540-548(9)

To examine the long-term safety of levalbuterol hydrofluoroalkane (HFA) vs racemic albuterol HFA administered via metered-dose inhaler (MDI) in patients with stable asthma.

Clinical profile health-related quality of life, and asthma control in children attending US asthma camps

01/10/2008 06:48 PM

The Journal of Infectious Diseases 2008;197:10-17

Pneumocystis pneumonia has long been recognized as a cause of morbidity and mortality in immunocompromised populations, particularly those with HIV infection.

Early Donor Management Increases the Retrieval Rate of Lungs for Transplantation

01/10/2008 06:45 PM

Diagnostic Cytopathology Volume 36, Issue 2 , Pages 89 - 93

PEComa (clear cell sugar tumor) of the lung is a rare benign tumor of the lung probably arising from the perivascular epithelioid cells (PECs). We report a case of pulmonary PEComa arising from the periphery of the right lobe of a 64-year-old male.

Bacillus Calmette-Guerin Vaccine Scar Diameter and Asthma

01/10/2008 06:43 PM

Clinical & Experimental Immunology, Volume 151, Number 2, February 2008 , pp. 251-259(9)

Tumour necrosis factor (TNF)-alpha, an important proinflammatory cytokine, has been implicated in the pathogenesis of sarcoidosis, a multi-systemic granulomatous disorder of unknown aetiology. Here, we report for the first time the association of TNF haplotypes and genotypes with sarcoidosis and its prognosis in the Indian population.

Persistent of respiratory syncytial virus in human dendritic cells and influence of nitric oxide

01/10/2008 06:41 PM

Allergy and Asthma Proceedings, Volume 28, Number 6, November/December 2007 , pp. 688-690(3)

Abbreviated aerosol therapy has been suggested to increase compliance by delivering the same therapeutic dose, but more rapidly than traditional aerosol therapy. A new spacer mouth mask, which is recommended for use in abbreviated aerosol therapy, is now available in Italy.

Randomized Controlled Trial and Meta-analysis of Oral Decontamination with 2 percent Chlorhexidine Solution for the Prevention of Ventilator-Associated Pneumonia

01/10/2008 06:37 PM

Infect Control Hosp Epidemiol 2008;29:137-142

This study was designed to establish the rates of treatment failure for community-acquired pneumonia that are acceptable to knowledgeable and experienced physicians, in order to facilitate the interpretation of existing studies and the design of new studies aimed at optimizing the duration of antibiotic therapy.

Prevention and control of silicosis - A national challenge

01/10/2008 06:35 PM

Indian Journal of Occupational and Environmental Medicine Year : 2007 Volume : 11 Issue : 3 Page : 97-102

This mini-review describes the toxic effects of vanadium pentoxide inhalation principally in the workplace and associated complications with breathing and respiration. Although there are some material safety data sheets available detailing the handling, hazards and toxicity of vanadium pentoxide, there are only two reviews listed in PubMed detailing its toxicity.

Thrombolysis for Pulmonary Embolism and Venous Thrombosis - Is It Worthwhile

01/10/2008 06:31 PM

Respiratory Research 2008, 9:2

Tobacco smoke and genetic susceptibility are risk factors for asthma and wheezing. The aim of this study was to investigate whether there is a combined effect of interleukin-13 gene (IL13) polymorphisms and tobacco smoke on persistent childhood wheezing and asthma.

A Countywide Outbreak of Pertussis

Emergency chest radiology - thoracic aortic disease and pulmonary embolism

01/08/2008 09:12 PM

Imaging (2006) 18, 139-150

Following a brief account of anatomy and imaging techniques, this article will provide an overview of the imaging findings of some of the more common abnormalities affecting the trachea, main bronchi and small airways.

Respiratory Illnesses in Emergency Departments

01/08/2008 09:10 PM

Eur J Cardiothorac Surg 2008;33:95-98.

The impact of short-term preoperative pulmonary rehabilitation on exercise capacity of patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease undergoing lobectomy for non-small cell lung cancer is evaluated.

Plasma phospholipase A2 activity in patients with asthma - association with body mass index and cholesterol concentration

01/08/2008 09:08 PM

Ann Thorac Surg 2008;85:237-244

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the feasibility of integrating an artificial, pumpless extracorporeal membrane ventilator (Novalung) to near static mechanical ventilation and its efficacy in patients with severe postresectional acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) unresponsive to optimal conventional treatment.

The Role of Coagulation in Pulmonary Pathology

01/08/2008 09:05 PM

Annals of Allergy, Asthma and Immunology, Volume 99, Number 6, December 2007 , pp. 555-561(7)

To investigate the safety and tolerability of indacaterol at doses of 400 and 800 μg/d.

Outcomes of Extremely Low Birth Weight and Extremely Low Gestational Age Infants With Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia

01/08/2008 09:03 PM

Allergy and Asthma Proceedings, Volume 28, Number 6, November/December 2007 , pp. 628-633(6)

The purpose of this article is to review the recommendations for pharmacotherapy in the new National Asthma Education and Prevention Program (NAEPP) guidelines.

Pulmonary fibrosis - rate of disease progression as a trigger for referral for lung transplantation

01/08/2008 09:01 PM

Thorax 2007;62:1095-1101

The external intercostal muscles are chronically exposed to increased inspiratory loading and to continuous hypoxia-reoxygenation cycles in patients with obstructive sleep apnoea syndrome (OSAS). It was therefore hypothesised that oxidative stress levels would be increased in these muscles, and that treatment with continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) would modify the oxidative stress levels and improve muscle dysfunction.

Integrated breathing and relaxation training - the Papworth method - for adults with asthma in primary care - a randomised controlled trial

01/08/2008 08:59 PM

Thorax 2007;62:1074-1080

The relationship between airway structural changes and inflammation is unclear in early cystic fibrosis (CF) lung disease. A study was undertaken to determine changes in airway remodelling in children with CF compared with appropriate disease and healthy controls.

Body mass index and asthma severity in the National Asthma Survey

01/08/2008 08:57 PM

Thorax 2008;63:27-34

A special regulatory role for prostaglandin E2 has been postulated in aspirin-induced asthma. A study was undertaken to investigate the effects of aspirin on the systemic production of prostaglandin E2 and cysteinyl leucotrienes in patients with asthma.

Severity of obstructive airways disease by age 2 years predicts asthma at 10 years of age

01/08/2008 08:55 PM

Thorax 2008;63:42-48

In adults, viral causes of community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) are poorly characterised. The aims of this study were to characterise the viral aetiology of CAP in adults by using an extensive array of viral diagnostic tests and to compare the characteristics of viral pneumonia with those of pneumococcal pneumonia.

Acromegaly Caused by Ectopic Growth Hormone - A Rare Manifestation of a Bronchial Carcinoid

01/08/2008 08:53 PM

Imaging (2006) 18, 111-121

Imaging has a pivotal role in the assessment of the patient brought to the emergency department, whether the admission is due to trauma or a medical condition.

Microsomal epoxide hydrolase, glutathione S-transferase P1 traffic and childhood asthma

01/08/2008 08:51 PM

Thorax 2007;62:1088-1094

Recent studies have indicated long-term effects on mortality of particulate and sulphur dioxide (SO2) pollution, but uncertainties remain over the size of any effects, potential latency and generalisability.

Faropenem Medoxomil

01/08/2008 08:49 PM

Clinical Cancer Research 14, 149-154, January 1, 2008

The histologic distinction between low-grade typical and intermediate-grade atypical bronchopulmonary carcinoids basically lies on cellular differentiation, mitotic activity, and presence of "neoplastic" necrosis; at single patient level, however, none of these features enables a reliable prediction of the clinicopathologic outcome.

Effects of cannabis on pulmonary structure, function and symptoms

01/08/2008 08:47 PM

Thorax 2007;62:1102-1106

To ascertain whether therapeutic equivalence exists for the treatment of paediatric community acquired pneumonia by the oral and intravenous (IV) routes.

Reduction in sputum neutrophil and eosinophil numbers by the PDE4 inhibitor roflumilast in patients with COPD

01/08/2008 08:39 PM

Respiratory Research 2008, 9:1

Clara cells are the epithelial progenitor cell of the small airways, a location known to be important in many lung disorders. Although migration of alveolar type II and bronchiolar ciliated epithelial cells has been examined, the migratory response of Clara cells has received little attention.

Randomised placebo controlled trial of non-invasive ventilation for hypercapnia in cystic fibrosis

01/04/2008 02:11 PM

Occupational Medicine 2008 58(1):71-73

The facilities which should be available to physicians offering specialist occupational asthma services have recently been agreed upon by a UK panel of experts.

Roles of integrin activation in eosinophil function and the eosinophilic inflammation of asthma

01/04/2008 02:09 PM

Eur J Cardiothorac Surg 2008;33:77-82

Non-univocal conclusions have been published regarding the definition of oxygen desaturation in relation to postoperative outcome. We aimed to verify whether oxygen desaturation during a maximal stair-climbing test was associated with postoperative cardiopulmonary complications and to assess which definition of oxygen desaturation (oxygen saturation <90% or desaturation >4% with respect to rest level) discriminated better between complicated and uncomplicated patients.

Bronchial smooth muscle remodeling involves calcium-dependent enhanced mitochondrial biogenesis in asthma

01/04/2008 02:07 PM

Allergology International doi:10.2332/allergolint.R-07-152

Asthma is a chronic inflammatory disease characterized by reversible airflow limitation and airway hyperresponsiveness. Persistent inflammation in airway tissues may lead to structural changes known as airway remodeling and consequently airway obstruction that is not fully reversible and progressive loss of lung function over time.

Early-life pulmonary arterial hypertension with subsequent development of diffuse pulmonary arteriovenous malformations in hereditary haemorrhagic telangiectasia type 1

01/04/2008 02:05 PM

Allergology International doi:10.2332/allergolint.R-07-151

Airway remodeling in asthma is characterized by goblet cell hyperplasia, subepithelial fibrosis, and hyperplasia and hypertrophy of airway smooth muscle cells.

Postconditioning with a volatile anaesthetic in alveolar epithelial cells in vitro

01/04/2008 02:03 PM

Eur Respir J 2008; 31:43-46

As excess mucin expression can contribute to the exacerbation of asthma, the present authors hypothesised that Mycoplasma pneumoniae significantly induces MUC5AC (the major airway mucin) expression in airway epithelial cells isolated directly from asthmatic subjects.

Measuring inspiratory muscle strength in neuromuscular disease: one test or two

01/04/2008 02:01 PM

Eur Respir J 2008; 31:21-28

Primary graft dysfunction, characterised by intra-alveolar oedema, is a major obstacle in pulmonary transplantation.

Increased activation of p38 MAPK in COPD

01/04/2008 01:59 PM

Eur Respir J 2008; 31:29-35

Since 1995, the German Cystic Fibrosis Quality Assessment project has collected demographic data and outcome parameters. It aims to develop tools for quality management.

Enhancement of pulmonary vascular remodelling and inflammatory genes with VIP gene deletion

01/04/2008 01:57 PM

Eur Respir J 2008; 31:126-134


Erythropoietin (EPO) mobilises endothelial progenitor cells and promotes neovascularisation in heart failure. The present authors studied the effects of EPO on pulmonary vascular and cardiac remodelling in a model for flow-associated pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH).

A Pneumococcal MerR-Like Regulator and S-nitrosoglutathione Reductase Are Required for Systemic Virulence

01/04/2008 01:54 PM

Infection and Immunity, January 2008, p. 189-197, Vol. 76, No. 1

Excessive inflammation contributes to the pathogenesis of bacterial meningitis, which remains a serious disease despite treatment with antibiotics. Therefore, anti-inflammatory drugs have important therapeutic potential, and clinical trials have revealed that early treatment with dexamethasone significantly reduces mortality and morbidity from bacterial meningitis.

High N-terminal pro-brain natriuretic peptide levels and low diffusing capacity for carbon monoxide as independent predictors of the occurrence of precapillary pulmonary arterial hypertension in patients with systemic sclerosis

01/04/2008 01:51 PM

PEDIATRICS Vol. 121 No. 1 January 2008, pp. 89-96

We performed an historical cohort study of appropriately sized, preterm infants without congenital anomalies who were born between January 2001 and June 2002 (pre-early management practice change group; n = 87) and between July 2004 and December 2005 (post-early management practice change group; n = 76).

Results of endoscopic surgery and intralesional steroid therapy for airway compromise due to tracheobronchial Wegener's granulomatosis

01/04/2008 01:49 PM

Thorax 2008;63:60-66

Forced expiratory volume in 6 s (FEV6) has been proposed as a more easily measurable parameter than forced vital capacity (FVC) to diagnose airway disease using spirometry. A study was undertaken to estimate FEV6 repeatability, to identify correlates of a good quality FEV6 measurement and of volumetric differences between FEV6 and FVC in elderly patients.

Incidence and characteristics of viral community-acquired pneumonia in adults

01/04/2008 01:47 PM

Thorax 2008;63:53-59

A multicentre retrospective study was undertaken to examine patients with interstitial lung disease (ILD) with the initial clinical manifestation of an anti-synthetase syndrome (anti-Jo-1 antibodies), and to analyse the characteristics and long-term outcome of these patients according to their clinical presentation (acute or gradual onset), treatment and adverse events related to treatment.

Chronic bronchitis sub-phenotype within COPD - inflammation in sputum and biopsies

01/04/2008 01:45 PM

Eur Respir J 2008; 31:106-109

The aim of the present study was to determine the clinical relevance of Mycobacterium simiae isolation from clinical samples.

Challenges in pulmonary fibrosis - 6 -middle dot- Problematic granulomatous lung disease

01/04/2008 01:43 PM

Thorax 2008;63:35-41

The role of tumour markers such as carbohydrate antigen (CA) 125, CA 15-3, CA 19-9 and CYFRA 21-1 (a fragment of cytokeratin 19) in differentiating malignant pleural effusions (MPE) from benign effusions is not yet clear.

Influenza Burden for Children With Asthma

01/04/2008 01:40 PM

PEDIATRICS Vol. 121 No. 1 January 2008, pp. e146-e149

Neonatal respiratory distress syndrome is associated with intrahepatic cholestasis of pregnancy, and bile acids may play a major role in neonatal bile acid pneumonia. Our aim was to demonstrate the bile acid presence in the bronchoalveolar lavage fluid of neonates affected by respiratory distress syndrome who were born from intrahepatic cholestasis of pregnancy and to investigate bile acid mechanisms of action in acute lung injury.

Assessment of the Long-term Safety of Inhaled Ciclesonide on Growth in Children With Asthma

01/04/2008 01:38 PM

Radiology 2008;246:281-287

To retrospectively determine if the interval increase of right ventricular–left ventricular (RV/LV) diameter ratio from negative prior to positive current computed tomographic (CT) examination findings for pulmonary embolism (PE) is more accurate for predicting 30-day mortality than positive CT ratio alone, by using patient 30-day mortality as reference standard.

Chronic Hypersensitivity Pneumonitis: Differentiation from Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis and Nonspecific Interstitial Pneumonia by Using Thin-Section CT

01/03/2008 09:57 AM

Amer J Perinatol : DOI: 10.1055/s-2007-1004833

Birth depression unresponsive to conventional resuscitative measures merits careful consideration. The case of a term infant with primary respiratory failure at birth despite extensive intervention is presented.

Airway Remodeling in Asthma

01/03/2008 09:54 AM

The Internet Journal of Pulmonary Medicine. 2007. Volume 9 Number 1

Haemoptysis is a common symptom that can occur in a variety of respiratory and cardiovascular diseases. Here we describe an interesting case of haemoptysis who was first mistook as pulmonary tuberculosis and then as bronchogenic carcinoma before being referred to us and was ultimately found to have aortic dissection.

Successful Video-assisted Thoracic Surgery Lobectomy in a Single-lung Patient

01/03/2008 09:51 AM

Critical Care Medicine. 36(1):69-73, January 2008

To determine whether extravascular lung water predicts survival in patients with early acute respiratory distress syndrome, to determine the relationship between extravascular lung water and other markers of lung injury, and to examine if indexing extravascular lung water with predicted body weight (EVLWp) strengthens its discriminative power.

Hyponatremic seizure associated with acute respiratory infection

01/03/2008 09:49 AM

American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine Vol 177. pp. 184-189, (2008)

Although the association between mortality and particles is well established, fewer studies have been reported with ozone. The harvesting hypothesis posits that the deaths associated with an exposure are occurring in people who are dying already, and the effect of exposure is merely to move the death from one day to an earlier day, and has no other effects that would influence deaths.

Evolution of Mechanical Ventilation in Response to Clinical Research

01/03/2008 09:47 AM

American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine Vol 177. pp. 208-218, (2008)

Severe respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) bronchiolitis has been associated with deficient IFN- production in humans, but the role of this cytokine in determining the outcome of reinfection is unknown.

Acute Hypercapnia Improves Indices of Tissue Oxygenation More than Dobutamine in Septic Shock

01/03/2008 09:45 AM

American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine Vol 177. pp. 142-147, (2008)

Evidence is emerging that exposure to maternal distress in early life plays a causal role in the development of childhood asthma.

Randomised trial of nasal surgery for fixed nasal obstruction in obstructive sleep apnoea

01/03/2008 09:43 AM

American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine Vol 177. pp. 202-207, (2008)

Thrombus formation and inflammation are involved in the pathogenesis of pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH), and LIGHT (Lymphotoxin-like Inducible protein that competes with Glycoprotein D for Herpesvirus entry mediator on T lymphocytes) has been shown to promote vascular inflammation.

Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis

01/03/2008 09:42 AM

Eur Respir J 2008; 31:36-42

The diagnosis of allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis (ABPA) in cystic fibrosis (CF) is a challenge. Thymus- and activation-regulated chemokine (TARC) has recently been reported to play a role in ABPA.