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August 1-15 2008 Postings (Note: Some archived links may become inactive)

08/15/2008 02:49 PM

Occupational asthma caused by sculptured nails containing methacrylates

American Journal of Industrial Medicine Published Online: 13 Aug 2008

In recent decades, the use of artificial nails including methacrylates (MAs) has increased. This study presents the first two clinical cases of occupational asthma (OA) caused by sculptured nails containing MAs.


08/15/2008 02:49 PM

Inhibition of endothelin receptors in the treatment of pulmonary arterial hypertension: does selectivity matter?

European Heart Journal 2008 29(16):1936-1948

Treatment options for pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) have considerably improved in the past few years. Endothelin (ET)-receptor antagonism has been established as a first-line option for the majority of PAH patients


08/15/2008 02:48 PM

Capnovolumetry: a new tool for lung function testing in children with asthma

Clinical Physiology and Functional Imaging, Volume 28, Number 5, September 2008 , pp. 332-336(5)

In capnovolumetry, the expiratory CO2 concentration of exhaled air is plotted against the volume and thereby allows to determine functional dead space volumes.


08/15/2008 02:47 PM

Successful removal of a giant intrathoracic lipoma: a case report and review of the literature

Cases Journal 2008, 1:87

We report a case of a 44-year old female who presented to her physician complaining of mild dyspnea. A follow-up chest X-ray and chest computed tomography scan revealed a giant bilateral intrathoracic mass, filling the right thoracic cavity and extending across the anterior mediastinum into the left chest cavity.


08/15/2008 02:45 PM

How epithelial cells detect danger: aiding the immune response

Allergy, Volume 63, Number 9, September 2008 , pp. 1110-1123(14)

The epithelial layer occupies a strategic important location between an organisms' interior and exterior environment. Although as such it forms a physical barrier between both environments, it became clear that the role of the epithelium extends far beyond this rather passive role.


08/15/2008 02:44 PM

Impaired spermatogenesis by testicular sarcoidosis

Respirology Published Online: 10 Aug 2008

Testicular involvement by sarcoidosis is a rare condition. A 23-year-old Japanese man had asymptomatic bilateral testicular lesions, which were detected by gallium scintigram, together with lesions located bilaterally in the uvea, lungs and hilar, and mediastinal lymph nodes and unilateral supraclavicular lymph nodes.


08/15/2008 02:44 PM

Superoxide Dismutase 3 Polymorphism Associated with Reduced Lung Function in Two Large Populations

Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med. 2008, doi:10.1164/rccm.200804-549OC

Superoxide dismutase 3 (SOD3) inhibits oxidative fragmentation of lung matrix components collagen I, hyaluronan, and heparan sulfate.


08/15/2008 02:43 PM

Obstructive sleep apnoea and nocturnal gastroesophageal reflux are common in lung transplant patients

Respirology Published Online: 10 Aug 2008

Gastroesophageal reflux (GOR) has been implicated in the pathogenesis of bronchiolitis obliterans syndrome (BOS), possibly due to pulmonary aspiration of refluxed acid. Risk of aspiration of gastric contents is increased during sleep due to decreased oesophageal clearance mechanisms and may be further increased by the presence of OSA.


08/15/2008 02:42 PM

Obesity in aspirin-tolerant and aspirin-intolerant asthmatics

Respirology Published Online: 10 Aug 2008

Obesity is an important factor in the development of asthma. Aspirin hypersensitivity affects 5-10% of asthmatics. The association between obesity and aspirin hypersensitivity in asthma is unclear. This study evaluated the association of BMI and asthma in patients with aspirin-tolerant asthma (ATA) and aspirin-intolerant asthma (AIA).


08/15/2008 02:41 PM

Risk factors and outcome of community-acquired pneumonia due to Gram-negative bacilli

Respirology Published Online: 10 Aug 2008

Several sets of guidelines have advocated initial antibiotic treatment for community-acquired pneumonia due to Gram-negative bacilli in patients with specific risk factors. However, evidence to support this recommendation is scarce.


08/15/2008 02:40 PM

Duration of Withdrawal of Life Support in the ICU and Association with Family Satisfaction

Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med. 2008, doi:10.1164/rccm.200711-1617OC

Most deaths in the intensive care involve withholding or withdrawing multiple life-sustaining therapies, but little is known about how to proceed practically and how it affects family satisfaction.


08/15/2008 02:39 PM

Pulmonary Nontuberculous Mycobacterial Disease: Prospective Study of a Distinct Preexisting Syndrome

Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med. 2008, doi:10.1164/rccm.200805-686OC

Pulmonary nontuberculous mycobacterial (PNTM) disease is increasing, but predisposing features have been elusive.


08/15/2008 02:39 PM

Serum Inter-{alpha}-trypsin Inhibitor and Matrix Hyaluronan Promote Angiogenesis in Fibrotic Lung Injury

Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med. 2008, doi:10.1164/rccm.200803-386OC

The etiology and pathogenesis of angiogenesis in idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is poorly understood. Inter-alpha-trypsin inhibitor (IaI) is a serum protein that can bind to hyaluronan and may contribute to the angiogenic response to tissue injury.


08/15/2008 02:38 PM

IL-32, A Novel Proinflammatory Cytokine in Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease

Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med. 2008, doi:10.1164/rccm.200804-646OC

COPD is a chronic inflammatory disorder of the lung; yet the mechanisms that regulate this immune-inflammatory response are not fully understood.


08/15/2008 02:37 PM

Combination therapy with prostacyclin and tadalafil for severe pulmonary arterial hypertension: A pilot study

Respirology Published Online: 31 Oct 2007

Despite the introduction of new drugs that have changed the course of pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH), some patients are still refractory to treatment and deteriorate rapidly.


08/14/2008 03:52 PM

Mineral Status of COPD Patients under Long-Term Inhaled Corticosteroid Therapy

Journal of Prosthodontics, Volume 17, Number 6, August 2008 , pp. 462-467(6)

The aim of this study was to determine the mineral status of mandibles, femurs, and spines in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) patients under long-term inhaled corticosteroid therapy.


08/14/2008 03:51 PM

The Role of Treprostinil in the Management of Pulmonary Hypertension

American Journal of Cardiovascular Drugs, Volume 8, Number 4, 2008 , pp. 213-217(5)

Pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) is a severely disabling disorder characterized by sustained elevations of pulmonary vascular resistance, ultimately leading to right-heart failure and death. Intravenous epoprostenol has been widely used in patients with PAH, leading to long-term clinical benefits and improved survival.


08/14/2008 03:50 PM

T-cell activation during exacerbations: a longitudinal study in refractory asthma

Allergy, Volume 63, Number 9, September 2008 , pp. 1202-1210(9)

Asthma exacerbations represent the main source of costs and morbidity in asthma care, and drugs specifically designed to prevent exacerbations are needed. A prerequisite is to dispose of a precise knowledge of inflammatory events leading to exacerbations.


08/14/2008 03:49 PM

Lung transplantation in patients with connective tissue disorders and esophageal dysmotility

Diseases of the Esophagus Published Online: 2 May 2008

Lung and esophageal dysfunction are common in patients with connective tissue disease (CTD). Recent reports have suggested a link between pathologic gastroesophageal reflux and bronchiolitis obliterans syndrome (BOS) after lung transplant.


08/14/2008 03:48 PM

Stem/Progenitor Cells in Lung Development, Injury Repair, and Regeneration

The Proceedings of the American Thoracic Society 5:703-706 (2008)

At least two populations of epithelial stem/progenitor cells give rise to the lung anlage, comprising the laryngo-tracheal complex versus the distal lung below the first bronchial bifurcation. Amplification of the distal population requires FGF9-FGF10-FGFR2b-Sprouty signaling. Residual pools of adult stem cells are hypothesized to be the source of lung regeneration and repair.


08/14/2008 03:47 PM

Mesenchymal Stem Cells as Vectors for Lung Disease

The Proceedings of the American Thoracic Society 5:711-716 (2008)

Stem cells divide asymmetrically, leading to self-renewal and the production of a daughter cell committed to differentiation.


08/14/2008 03:46 PM

Prevalence and Risk Factors for Depressive Symptoms in Persons with Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease

Journal of General Internal Medicine 0884-8734 (Print) 10.1007/s11606-008-0749-z

Although depression is a risk factor for adverse outcomes in chronic illness, little is known about the prevalence or risk factors for depressive symptoms in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD).


08/14/2008 03:45 PM

Disseminated Varicella Infection in a Child Receiving Short-Term Steroids for Asthma

Pediatric Dermatology, Volume 25, Number 4, July/August 2008 , pp. 484-486(3)

An 8-year-old boy, treated with a short course of steroids for asthma, developed a fever with abdominal pain and a generalized vesicular rash after contact with varicella-infected classmates.


08/14/2008 03:43 PM

Impact of Preexisting Pulmonary Fibrosis Detected on Chest Radiograph and CT on the Development of Gefitinib-Related Interstitial Lung Disease

American Journal of Clinical Oncology. 31(4):340-344, August 2008

Although preexisting pulmonary fibrosis (PF) on chest radiograph is known to be a risk factor of gefitinib-related interstitial lung disease (ILD), the significance of PF detected by chest computed tomography (CT) on the development of gefitinib-related ILD has not been investigated sufficiently.


08/14/2008 03:42 PM

Efficacy and Safety of Erythromycin as Sclerosing Agent in Patients With Recurrent Malignant Pleural Effusion

American Journal of Clinical Oncology. 31(4):384-389, August 2008

The aim of pleurodesis in malignant pleural effusions is to prevent reaccumulation of the fluid, symptoms, and avoid the need for repeated hospitalization for thoracentesis. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the efficacy and safety of erythromycin as a pleural sclerosing agent.


08/14/2008 03:41 PM

Pulmonary Hypertension Associated with Lung Transplantation Obliterative Bronchiolitis and Vascular Remodeling of the Allograft

American Journal of Transplantation Volume 8 Issue 9, Pages 1921 - 1930

Pathologic obliterative bronchiolitis (OB)/Bronchiolitis obliterans syndrome (pathologic OB/BOS) is the major obstacle to long-term survival post-lung transplantation (LT). Our group has demonstrated that pulmonary hypertension (PH) complicates the course of chronic inflammatory lung diseases that have similarities to pathologic OB/BOS and that vascular remodeling of the bronchial circulation occurs during BOS. Consequently, we hypothesized that PH is associated with pathologic OB/BOS and may result from a vasculopathy of the allograft pulmonary circulation.


08/14/2008 03:41 PM

Hyaluronidase Expression and Activity Is Regulated by Pro-Inflammatory Cytokines in Human Airway Epithelial Cells

American Journal of Respiratory Cell and Molecular Biology. Vol. 39, pp. 289-295, 2008

Hyaluronan (HA) is present at the apical surface of airway epithelium as a high-molecular-weight polymer. Since HA depolymerization initiates a cascade of events that results in kinin generation and growth factor processing, in the present work we used primary cultures of human bronchial epithelial (HBE) cells grown at the air-liquid interface (ALI) to assess hyaluronidase (Hyal) activity by HA zymography, gene expression by quantitative real-time PCR, and localization by confocal microscopy.


08/14/2008 03:40 PM

Functional Expression of GABAB Receptors in Airway Epithelium

American Journal of Respiratory Cell and Molecular Biology. Vol. 39, pp. 296-304, 2008

The GABAB receptor is a dimer composed of R1 and R2 components and classically couples to the heterotrimeric Gi protein. In addition to their location on neurons, GABA and functional GABAB receptors have been detected in peripheral tissue such as airway smooth muscle.


08/14/2008 03:39 PM

Activation of Neurokinin-1 Receptors during Ozone Inhalation Contributes to Epithelial Injury and Repair

American Journal of Respiratory Cell and Molecular Biology. Vol. 39, pp. 279-288, 2008

We investigated the importance of neurokinin (NK)-1 receptors in epithelial injury and repair and neutrophil function.


08/14/2008 03:38 PM

Nasal versus face mask for multiple-breath washout technique in preterm infants

Pediatric Pulmonology Published Online: 4 Aug 2008

The large dead space associated with face masks might impede the accuracy and feasibility of multiple-breath washout (MBW) measurements in small infants. We asked if a low dead space nasal mask would provide measurements of resting lung volume and ventilation inhomogeneity comparable to those obtained with a face mask, when using the MBW technique. Unsedated preterm infants breathing without mechanical assistance and weighing between 1.50 and 2.49 kg were studied.


08/14/2008 03:37 PM

Using diffusion-weighted MR imaging for tumor detection in the collapsed lung: a preliminary study

European Radiology 0938-7994 (Print) 10.1007/s00330-008-1134-3

The usefulness of diffusion-weighted magnetic resonance (MR) imaging (DWI) for differentiating central lung cancer from postobstructive lobar collapse (POC) was investigated.


08/14/2008 03:35 PM

Prevalence and correlates of pulmonary emphysema in smokers and former smokers. A densitometric study of participants in the ITALUNG trial

European Radiology 0938-7994 (Print) 10.1007/s00330-008-1131-6

We assessed with computed tomography (CT) densitometry the prevalence of emphysema in 266 smokers and former smokers enrolled in the ITALUNG trial of lung cancer screening with low-dose thin-slice CT.


08/14/2008 03:34 PM

Optimal level of physical activity in children with chronic lung diseases

Acta Paediatrica Published Online: 30 Jul 2008

To determine the optimal level of physical activity and its relationship with disease severity in children with chronic lung diseases (CLD).


08/14/2008 03:32 PM

Incidence rates of asthma, rhinitis and eczema symptoms and influential factors in young children in Sweden

Acta Paediatrica Volume 97 Issue 9, Pages 1210 - 1215

To estimate the incidence rates for asthma, rhinitis and eczema symptoms and to investigate the importance of different influential factors for the incidence of these symptoms.


08/14/2008 03:31 PM

Evidence for an asthma risk locus on chromosome Xp: a replication linkage study

Allergy, Volume 63, Number 9, September 2008 , pp. 1235-1238(4)

Asthma is a complex genetic disorder characterized by chronic inflammation in the airways. Identification of genetic risk factors for asthma has been complicated due to genetic heterogeneity and influence from environmental risk factors.


08/14/2008 03:30 PM

Pulmonary function studies in children treated by chemoradiotherapy and stem cell transplantation

Pediatric Blood & Cancer Published Online: 12 Aug 2008

Management of pediatric patients with malignant and hematological diseases is frequently associated with pulmonary complications. We assessed pulmonary function at diagnosis and during a 5-year follow-up to identify risk factors associated with pulmonary deterioration.


08/14/2008 03:29 PM

Seasonal variation of the onset of presentations in stage 1 sarcoidosis

International Journal of Clinical Practice Published Online: 8 Mar 2006

Sarcoidosis is a chronic disease with an unknown aetiology. Our aim was to evaluate the pattern of seasonality of stage 1 sarcoidosis subjects who had symptoms by all cases, by age and by both genders. In this study, we used Roger's test for cyclic variation to prove that this seasonal variation was more than chance.


08/14/2008 03:28 PM

Relative impact of respiratory muscle activity on tidal flow and end expiratory volume in healthy neonates

Pediatric Pulmonology Published Online: 30 Jul 2008

It has been suggested that infants dynamically regulate their tidal flow and end-expiratory volume level. The interaction between muscle activity, flow and lung volume in spontaneously sleeping neonates is poorly studied, since it requires the assessment of transcutaneous electromyography of respiratory muscles (rEMG) in matched comparison to lung function measurements.


08/14/2008 03:27 PM

Proinflammatory Cytokines, Fibrinolytic System Enzymes, and Biochemical Indices in Children With Infectious Para-pneumonic Effusions

Pediatric Infectious Disease Journal. 27(8):699-703, August 2008

In children, pleural empyema is a recognized complication of severe pneumonia and is characterized by loculated effusions with fibrin septations. The aim of this study was to evaluate the relationship between proinflammatory cytokines [tumor necrosis factor-[alpha] (TNF-[alpha]), interleukin-1[beta] (IL-1[beta]), and IL-6], intrapleural fibrinolytic system enzymes [tissue-type plasminogen activator (tPA) and plasminogen activator inhibitor type 1 (PAI-1)], and common biochemical indices during pleural infection.


08/14/2008 03:26 PM

Increased Risk of Stroke in Patients With Coronary Artery Disease and Sleep Apnea. A 10-Year Follow-Up

doi: 10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.108.783290

The effect of sleep apnea on mortality and cardiovascular morbidity is mainly unknown. We aimed to study whether sleep apnea is related to stroke, death, or myocardial infarction in patients with symptomatic coronary artery disease.


08/14/2008 03:24 PM

Sputum neurokinin A in Egyptian asthmatic children and adolescents: relation to exacerbation severity

Allergy, Volume 63, Number 9, September 2008 , pp. 1244-1247(4)

Neurogenic inflammation may participate in the development and progression of bronchial asthma. The molecular mechanisms underlying neurogenic inflammation are orchestrated by a large number of neuropeptides including tachykinins such as neurokinin A (NKA) and substance P. Tachykinins are secreted from sensory airway nerves and inflammatory cells after allergens exposure.


08/14/2008 03:06 PM

Seasonality of primary care utilization for respiratory diseases in Ontario: A time-series analysis

BMC Health Services Research 2008, 8:160

Respiratory diseases represent a significant burden in primary care. Determining the temporal variation of the overall burden of respiratory diseases on the health care system and their potential causes are keys to understanding disease dynamics in populations and can contribute to the rational management of health care resources.


08/14/2008 03:05 PM

Discriminative and predictive properties of disease-specific and generic health status indexes in elderly COPD patients

Published: 13 August 2008

The association between bronchial obstruction severity and mortality in Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) is well established, but it is unknown whether disease-specific health status measures and multidimensional assessment (MDA) have comparable prognostic value.


08/14/2008 03:05 PM

Hospital acquired pneumonia with high-risk bacteria is associated with increased pulmonary matrix metalloproteinase activity

BMC Pulmonary Medicine 2008, 8:12

Neutrophil products like matrix metalloproteinases (MMP), involved in bacterial defence mechanisms, possibly induce lung damage and are elevated locally during hospital- acquired pneumonia (HAP).


08/14/2008 03:03 PM

Wood smoke-associated lung disease: a clinical, functional, radiological and pathological description

The International Journal of Tuberculosis and Lung Disease, Volume 12, Number 9, September 2008 , pp. 1092-1098(7)

Approximately half of the world's population, and up to 90% of households in rural areas of developing countries, depend on biomass for cooking and heating.


08/14/2008 03:02 PM

Time course of airway remodelling after an acute chlorine gas exposure in mice

Respiratory Research 2008, 9:61

Accidental chlorine (Cl2) gas inhalation is a common cause of acute airway injury. However, little is known about the kinetics of airway injury and repair after Cl2 exposure.


08/12/2008 03:41 PM

Maintenance of Wakefulness test, obstructive sleep apnea syndrome, and driving risk

Annals of Neurology Published Online: 7 Aug 2008

Sleepiness at the wheel is a major risk factor for traffic accidents. Because of the potential medical and legal implications, in this study, we evaluated the correlation between subjective and objective measures of sleepiness and driving performances in patients suffering from excessive daytime sleepiness.


08/12/2008 03:41 PM

Occupational asthma secondary to enzymes used in cheese production

Allergy and Asthma Proceedings, Volume 29, Number 4, 7/8 2008 , pp. 376-379(4)

Occupational asthma (OA) accounts for 5-10% of all asthma in adults. Although OA secondary to enzymes has been reported, it is rare in the context of food preparation.


08/12/2008 03:40 PM

Variation in Mortality Rates Among Long-Term Care Facilities for Residents With Lower Respiratory Tract Infection

Infect Control Hosp Epidemiol 2008;29:754-759

To identify variables contributing to interfacility differences in mortality among residents of long-term care facilities who have lower respiratory tract infection.


08/12/2008 03:39 PM

Bronchial thermoplasty for asthma: A critical review of a new therapy

Allergy and Asthma Proceedings, Volume 29, Number 4, 7/8 2008 , pp. 365-370(6)

Bronchial thermoplasty (BT) is a novel experimental procedure involving the application of controlled heat from a radiofrequency source to the airway wall as a means to reduce airway smooth muscle in the airway wall.


08/12/2008 03:38 PM

The Role of Gastroesophageal Reflux in Exercise-Triggered Asthma: A Randomized Controlled Trial

Digestive Diseases and Sciences 0163-2116 (Print) 10.1007/s10620-008-0396-6

Exercise-triggered asthma (ETA) develops when physical activity triggers asthma symptoms during or directly after exercise.


08/12/2008 03:37 PM

Effectiveness of home treatment for patients with cystic fibrosis: The intravenous administration of antibiotics to treat respiratory infections

Pediatric Pulmonology Published Online: 4 Aug 2008

Patients with cystic fibrosis (CF) experience repeated infectious respiratory exacerbations leading to a continuous decline in lung function. The exacerbations are treated in hospital or at home.


08/12/2008 03:36 PM

Hypoxia Selectively Activates the CREB Family of Transcription Factors in the in vivo Lung

Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med. 2008, doi:10.1164/rccm.200712-1890OC

Pulmonary hypertension is a common complication of chronic hypoxic lung diseases and is associated with increased morbidity and reduced survival. The pulmonary vascular changes in response to hypoxia, both structural and functional, are unique to this circulation.


08/12/2008 03:35 PM

Serine/threonine kinase-protein kinase B and extracellular signal regulated kinase regulate ventilator-induced pulmonary fibrosis after bleomycin-induced acute lung injury - a prospective, controlled animal experiment

Critical Care 2008, 12:R103

Lung fibrosis, reduced lung compliance and severe hypoxemia found in patients with acute lung injury often result in the need for the support of mechanical ventilation.


08/12/2008 03:34 PM

Proteomic Analysis of Undiluted Lung Epithelial Lining Fluid

Chest. 2008; 134:338-345

Proteomics is increasingly leading to biomarker discovery in human disease. Epithelial lining fluid (ELF), until now only recovered indirectly, diluted in BAL fluid, is an attractive sample for lung disease proteomics.


08/12/2008 03:34 PM

Synergy Between Natriuretic Peptides and PDE5 Inhibitors Ameliorates Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension

Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med. 2008, doi:10.1164/rccm.200801-121OC

Phosphodiesterase (PDE) 5 inhibitors (e.g. Sildenafil) are selective pulmonary vasodilators in patients with pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH).


08/12/2008 03:33 PM

Pleural Effusion After Ventricular Assist Device Placement

Chest. 2008; 134:382-386

The occurrence of pleural effusion after ventricular assist device (VAD) implantation has been described; however, little has been elucidated about the nature, prevalence, or characteristics of the effusions. Our study details the prevalence of pleural effusion and pleural fluid characteristics in VAD patients at our institution.


08/12/2008 03:32 PM

Leptin, a Novel Predictor of Lung Function in Heart Failure

Chest. 2008; 134:346-350

Leptin is a protein hormone produced by adipose tissue. Leptin has proinflammatory properties and is usually elevated in patients with chronic heart failure. We assessed if serum leptin relates to the loss in lung function in noncachectic patients with chronic heart failure.


08/12/2008 03:31 PM

A Significant Increase in Breathing Amplitude Precedes Sleep Bruxism

Chest. 2008; 134:332-337

Sleep bruxism (SB) is a stereotyped movement disorder that is characterized by rhythmic masticatory muscle activity (RMMA) and tooth grinding. Evidence has suggested that SB is associated with sleep arousals and that most RMMA episodes are preceded by physiologic changes occurring in sequence, namely, a rise in autonomic sympathetic-cardiac activity followed by a rise in the frequency of EEG and suprahyoid muscle activity.


08/12/2008 03:31 PM

Effect of inhaled corticosteroid treatment on exhaled breath condensate leukotriene E4 in children with mild asthma

Allergy and Asthma Proceedings, Volume 29, Number 4, 7/8 2008 , pp. 371-375(5)

Chronic airway inflammation in children with asthma might be present even in the absence of pathological lung function tests and is known to increase the risk of permanent pulmonary damage.


08/12/2008 03:30 PM

Yellow Nail Syndrome

Chest. 2008; 134:375-381

Yellow nail syndrome (YNS) is a rare condition defined by the presence of yellow nails associated with lymphedema and/or chronic respiratory manifestations. Several aspects of this disorder remain poorly defined.


08/12/2008 03:29 PM

Addressing steroid phobia: Improving the risk-benefit ratio with new agents

Allergy and Asthma Proceedings, Volume 29, Number 4, 7/8 2008 , pp. 358-364(7)

Inhaled corticosteroids (ICSs) are the preferred first-line preventative therapy for asthma of all severity levels.


08/12/2008 03:28 PM

Observational Study of the Additive Effects of Pranlukast on Inflammatory Markers of Clinically Stable Asthma with Inhaled Corticosteroids and Long-Acting Beta 2 Agonists

Respiration (DOI: 10.1159/000151289)

The present study examines the anti-inflammatory effects of the LTRA pranlukast in addition to ICS and LABA, among asthmatic patients with normal pulmonary function and unremarkable clinical symptoms.


08/12/2008 03:27 PM

Structural and Functional Lung Disease in Primary Ciliary Dyskinesia

Chest. 2008; 134:351-357

High-resolution CT (HRCT) scan data on primary ciliary dyskinesia (PCD) related lung disease are scarce.


08/12/2008 03:27 PM

High-Resolution CT Scan Findings in Patients With Symptomatic Scleroderma-Related Interstitial Lung Disease

Chest. 2008; 134:358-367

Lung disease has become the leading cause of mortality and morbidity in scleroderma (SSc) patients. The frequency, nature, and progression of interstitial lung disease seen on high-resolution CT (HRCT) scans in patients with diffuse SSc (dcSSc) compared with those with limited SSc (lcSSc) has not been well characterized.


08/12/2008 03:26 PM

Restoration of Cough Reflex in Lung Transplant Recipients

Chest. 2008; 134:310-316

Lung transplantation involves vagal nerve interruption resulting in sensory airway denervation and impairment of the cough reflex. Following lung transplantation, it is unclear whether functional recovery of the cough reflex occurs over time. Our objective was to evaluate the afferent limb of the cough reflex in lung transplant recipients.


08/12/2008 03:25 PM

Obesity and Asthma

Chest. 2008; 134:317-323

Obesity is associated with an increased prevalence of asthma, especially in women, and appears to be more severe in the obese. This study aimed to determine if obese subjects have a specific asthma phenotype.


08/12/2008 03:24 PM

Asbestos Fibre Concentrations in the Lungs of Brake Workers: Another Look

Annals of Occupational Hygiene 2008 52(6):455-461

To reanalyse data on the lung content of asbestos fibres among brake mechanics.


08/12/2008 03:23 PM

Induced sputum and bronchial mucosal expression of interleukin-13 is not increased in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease

Allergy, Volume 63, Number 9, September 2008 , pp. 1239-1243(5)

The Th2 cytokine interleukin-13 (IL-13) has been implicated in the pathogenesis of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). We sought to examine IL-13 expression in COPD subjects in induced sputum and bronchus specimens. We hypothesized that inflammatory cells expressing IL-13 localize to the airway smooth muscle bundle and bronchial glands.


08/12/2008 03:23 PM

Filaggrin null mutations are associated with increased asthma exacerbations in children and young adults

Allergy, Volume 63, Number 9, September 2008 , pp. 1211-1217(7)

Filaggrin (FLG) null mutations are important genetic predisposing factors for atopic asthma and have recently been shown to influence controller and reliever medication needs in asthmatic children. Our objective was to study the role of FLG null alleles in asthma exacerbations.


08/12/2008 03:22 PM

Allergen inhalation decreases adenosine receptor expression in sputum and blood of asthma patients

Allergy, Volume 63, Number 9, September 2008 , pp. 1186-1194(9)

Adenosine is a signalling nucleoside that has been proposed to contribute to the pathogenesis of asthma. Adenosine is produced in inflammatory environments and acts via adenosine receptors (A1R, A2AR, A2BR, and A3R) expressed by a wide variety of cells, resulting in pro- and anti-inflammatory effects.


08/12/2008 03:21 PM

Diode laser for paediatric airway procedures: a useful tool

International Journal of Clinical Practice Published Online: 14 Apr 2008

A wide range of lasers have been used in the larynx. Diode laser is a portable and relatively inexpensive laser which is delivered via a glass fibre hand-held probe. The objective of this study was to report our experience with the use of diode laser in a variety of paediatric airway pathologies.


08/12/2008 03:20 PM

Horseshoe Lung Associated with Cardiac-Type Total Anomalous Pulmonary Venous Return in a Newborn

Pediatric Cardiology 0172-0643 (Print) 10.1007/s00246-008-9277-1

Horseshoe lung is a rare pulmonary anomaly characterized by fusion of the posterobasal portions of the right and left lung behind the heart anterior to the aorta and the spinal column.


08/12/2008 03:19 PM

Successful Bilateral Lung Transplantation for Lymphangiomatosis

American Journal of Transplantation Published Online: 28 Jul 2008

Lymphangiomatosis is a rare disease of lymphatic proliferation for which no adequate treatment is known. We report the first successful case of bilateral lung transplantation for the treatment of end-stage pulmonary lymphangiomatosis.


08/12/2008 03:18 PM

Renal Histopathological Lesions After Lung Transplantation in Patients with Cystic Fibrosis

American Journal of Transplantation Published Online: 28 Jul 2008

We have analyzed the evolution of renal status beyond the perioperative period in patients with cystic fibrosis (CF) undergoing lung transplantation and presented histological analysis of 15 patients biopsied for an episode of accelerated renal function loss (RFL).


08/12/2008 03:17 PM

A School-Based Program for Control of Group A Streptococcal Upper Respiratory Tract Infections: A Controlled Trial in Southern China

Pediatric Infectious Disease Journal. 27(8):753-755, August 2008

A prospective, school-based study included daily monitoring for incidence of symptomatic streptococcal-associated pharyngitis and monthly determinations of group A streptococcal prevalence.


08/12/2008 03:17 PM

Relapse after Emergency Department Discharge for Acute Asthma

Academic Emergency Medicine Published Online: 11 Jul 2008

The objectives were to determine patient and treatment-response factors associated with relapse after emergency department (ED) treatment for acute asthma.


08/12/2008 03:15 PM

Sleep abnormalities in type 2 diabetes may be associated with glycemic control

Acta Diabetologica 0940-5429 (Print) 10.1007/s00592-008-0047-6

Sleep disturbances may be associated with impaired glucose metabolism. The aim of this study was to evaluate sleep duration and quality in relation to glycemic control in patients with type 2 diabetes.


08/12/2008 03:14 PM

Treatment characteristics in elderly asthmatics

International Journal of Clinical Practice Published Online: 29 Oct 2007

In this study, we evaluated the effect of ageing on treatment response by comparing two groups of patients with asthma.


08/12/2008 03:13 PM

Sex hormone alterations and systemic inflammation in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease

International Journal of Clinical Practice Published Online: 16 Nov 2007

Decreased anabolic hormone levels are described in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), leading to important clinical consequences.


08/12/2008 03:13 PM

Sphingosine 1-Phosphate Potentiates Human Lung Fibroblast Chemotaxis through the S1P2 Receptor

American Journal of Respiratory Cell and Molecular Biology. Vol. 39, pp. 356-363, 2008

Migration of fibroblasts plays an essential role in tissue repair after injury. Sphingosine 1-phosphate (S1P) is a multifunctional mediator released by many cells that can be released in inflammation and after injury.


08/12/2008 03:12 PM

Loss of RAGE in Pulmonary Fibrosis

American Journal of Respiratory Cell and Molecular Biology. Vol. 39, pp. 337-345, 2008

The receptor for advanced glycation end products (RAGE) is a transmembrane receptor of the Ig superfamily.


08/12/2008 03:11 PM

Endogenous beta-Adrenergic Receptors Inhibit Lipopolysaccharide-Induced Pulmonary Cytokine Release and Coagulation

American Journal of Respiratory Cell and Molecular Biology. Vol. 39, pp. 373-379, 2008

{beta}2-adrenergic receptors are expressed on different cell types in the lung, including respiratory epithelial cells, smooth muscle cells, and macrophages.


08/12/2008 03:10 PM

DNA Vector Augments Inflammation in Epithelial Cells via EGFR-Dependent Regulation of TLR4 and TLR2

American Journal of Respiratory Cell and Molecular Biology. Vol. 39, pp. 305-311, 2008

Gene delivery applications to treat lung diseases are, in some instances, suboptimal due to deleterious host inflammatory reactions.


08/12/2008 03:09 PM

Curcumin Restores Corticosteroid Function in Monocytes Exposed to Oxidants by Maintaining HDAC2

American Journal of Respiratory Cell and Molecular Biology. Vol. 39, pp. 312-323, 2008

Oxidative stress as a result of cigarette smoking is an important etiologic factor in the pathogenesis of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), a chronic steroid-insensitive inflammatory disease of the airways.


08/12/2008 03:08 PM

What Is the Burden of Chronic Cough for Families?

Chest. 2008; 134:303-309

The burden of children's chronic cough to parents is largely unknown. The objectives of this study were as follows: (1) to determine the burden of chronic cough using a purposely designed questionnaire, and (2) to evaluate psychological (child's anxiety and parental emotional distress) and other influences on the reported burden of cough.


08/12/2008 03:07 PM

Cysteinyl Leukotriene Receptors Are Expressed by Tonsillar T Cells of Children With Obstructive Sleep Apnea

Chest. 2008; 134:324-331

Increased expression of cysteinyl leukotriene receptors (cysteinyl leukotriene receptor-1 [LT1-R]; cysteinyl leukotriene receptor-2 [LT2-R]) has been detected in adenotonsillar tissue from children with sleep-disordered breathing (SDB) compared to control subjects.


08/12/2008 03:07 PM

Good effect of IgY against Pseudomonas aeruginosa infections in cystic fibrosis patients

Pediatric Pulmonology Published Online: 4 Aug 2008

This is an extended open study of oral prophylactic treatment with egg yolk antibodies against Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Anti-Pseudomonas IgY, of 17 Swedish patients with cystic fibrosis.


08/12/2008 03:06 PM

Inappropriate Use of Antibiotics for Acute Asthma in United States Emergency Departments

Academic Emergency Medicine Published Online: 8 Jul 2008

The aim was to examine the use of antibiotics to treat asthma patients in U.S. emergency departments (EDs).


08/12/2008 03:05 PM

Are Patients With COPD More Active After Pulmonary Rehabilitation?

Chest. 2008; 134:273-280

Despite a variety of benefits brought by pulmonary rehabilitation to patients with COPD, it is unclear whether these patients are more active during daily life after the program.


08/12/2008 03:04 PM

Predictors of 30-Day Mortality and Hospital Costs in Patients With Ventilator-Associated Pneumonia Attributed to Potentially Antibiotic-Resistant Gram-Negative Bacteria

Chest. 2008; 134:281-287

To identify predictors of 30-day mortality and hospital costs in patients with ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP) attributed to potentially antibiotic-resistant Gram-negative bacteria (PARGNB) [Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Acinetobacter species, and Stenotrophomonas maltophilia].


08/12/2008 03:04 PM

Impact of Cough Across Different Chronic Respiratory Diseases

Chest. 2008; 134:295-302

Cough is a prominent symptom across a range of common chronic respiratory diseases and impacts considerably on patient health status.


08/12/2008 03:02 PM

Comparison of a Combination of Tiotropium Plus Formoterol to Salmeterol Plus Fluticasone in Moderate COPD

Chest. 2008; 134:255-262

Tiotropium plus formoterol was superior in lung function over the day compared to salmeterol plus fluticasone in patients with moderate COPD. Long-term studies in patients with severe COPD are warranted to assess the relative efficacy of different treatment combinations.


08/12/2008 03:02 PM

Tracheostomy Tube Malposition in Patients Admitted to a Respiratory Acute Care Unit Following Prolonged Ventilation

Chest. 2008; 134:288-294

Tracheostomy tube malposition is a barrier to weaning from mechanical ventilation. We determined the incidence of tracheostomy tube malposition, identified the associated risk factors, and examined the effect of malposition on clinical outcomes.


08/12/2008 03:00 PM

Plasma Pro-Adrenomedullin But Not Plasma Pro-Endothelin Predicts Survival in Exacerbations of COPD

Chest. 2008; 134:263-272

Plasma endothelin and adrenomedullin are increased in patients with pulmonary arterial hypertension, hypoxia, and pulmonary infections, conditions that predict survival in patients with COPD.


08/12/2008 03:00 PM

Neutrophil elastase reduces secretion of secretory leukoproteinase inhibitor (SLPI) by lung epithelial cells: role of charge of the proteinase-inhibitor complex

Respiratory Research 2008, 9:60

Secretory leukoproteinase inhibitor (SLPI) is an important inhibitor of neutrophil elastase (NE), a proteinase implicated in the pathogenesis of lung diseases such as COPD.


08/09/2008 09:34 AM

Apnoeic-hypopnoeic episodes during obstructive sleep apnoea are associated with histological nonalcoholic steatohepatitis

Liver International, Volume 28, Number 8, September 2008 , pp. 1080-1086(7)

Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and obstructive sleep apnoea are associated with metabolic syndrome and atherosclerotic heart disease. This study evaluates the potential association between the NAFLD subtypes and a number of polysomnographical (PSG) parameters.


08/09/2008 09:33 AM

Flunking Asthma? When HEDIS Takes the ACT

Am J Manag Care. 2008;14(8):487-494

To test several patient-oriented asthma outcome measures and the Healthcare Effectiveness Data and Information Set (HEDIS) measure of appropriate medication for persistent asthma to determine the most useful quality indicator of asthma care.


08/09/2008 09:32 AM

MR imaging findings of an atypical pulmonary hamartoma in a 12-year-old child

Pediatric Radiology 0301-0449 (Print) 10.1007/s00247-008-0938-2

We present the MR imaging findings in an atypical pulmonary hamartoma in a 12-year-old boy. CT showed no evidence of fat or calcifications in the tumour.


08/09/2008 09:31 AM

Differential proinflammatory and prooxidant effects of bone morphogenetic protein-4 in coronary and pulmonary arterial endothelial cells

Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol 295: H569-H577, 2008

There is increasing evidence that TGF-{beta} family member cytokine bone morphogenetic protein (BMP)-4 plays different pathophysiological roles in the pulmonary and systemic circulation.


08/09/2008 09:30 AM

Lung metastases in neuroblastoma at initial diagnosis: A report from the International Neuroblastoma Risk Group (INRG) project

Pediatric Blood & Cancer Published Online: 22 Jul 2008

Neuroblastoma is the most common extracranial pediatric solid cancer. Lung metastasis is rarely detected in children with newly diagnosed neuroblastoma. We aimed to describe the incidence, clinical characteristics, and outcome of patients with lung metastasis at initial diagnosis using a large international database.


08/09/2008 09:28 AM

Proof-of-Concept Trials for Lung Stem Cell Therapy

The Proceedings of the American Thoracic Society 5:731-735 (2008)

Proof-of-concept (PoC) trials are an important component of the new therapeutic development paradigm, contributing to the goal of accelerated progression from bench to bedside.


08/09/2008 09:28 AM

Signaling pathways required for macrophage scavenger receptor-mediated phagocytosis: analysis by scanning cytometry

Respiratory Research 2008, 9:59

Scavenger receptors are important components of the innate immune system in the lung, allowing alveolar macrophages to bind and phagocytose numerous unopsonized targets.


08/09/2008 09:26 AM

Obstructive sleep apnea presenting as recurrent cardiopulmonary arrest

Sleep and Breathing 1520-9512 (Print) 10.1007/s11325-008-0209-3

A non-obese patient who was admitted initially with hypoglycemia had multiple episodes of cardiopulmonary arrests requiring resuscitations and a short period of mechanical ventilation.


08/09/2008 09:26 AM

Deposition of Biomass Combustion Aerosol Particles in the Human Respiratory Tract

nhalation Toxicology, Volume 20, Issue 10 August 2008 , pages 923 - 933

Smoke from biomass combustion has been identified as a major environmental risk factor associated with adverse health effects globally. Deposition of the smoke particles in the lungs is a crucial factor for toxicological effects, but has not previously been studied experimentally.


08/09/2008 09:25 AM

The implementation of Restoring Health - a chronic disease model of care to decrease acute health care utilization

Chronic Respiratory Disease, Vol. 5, No. 3, 133-141 (2008)

The Restoring Health Program, a multi-disciplinary model of care for patients with chronic lung diseases, heart failure, and diabetes, was established to improve the quality of life and function for patients with these target chronic diseases, while reducing their disproportionately high demand on acute health care services.


08/09/2008 09:24 AM

Obstructive sleep disordered breathing in children: Beyond adenotonsillectomy

Pediatric Pulmonology Published Online: 4 Aug 2008

Traditionally, adenotonsillectomy (AT) has long been the treatment of choice for obstructive sleep disordered breathing (SDB) in children. AT is usually considered a safe procedure, which cures 80% of children with SDB. Accumulated data have however challenged this overly simplistic view.


08/09/2008 09:23 AM

FDG-PET in patients at risk for acute respiratory distress syndrome: a preliminary report

Intensive Care Medicine 0342-4642 (Print) 10.1007/s00134-008-1220-7

To compare the pattern of lung uptake of 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) by positron emission tomography (PET) imaging in patients with lung contusion that developed or did not progress to acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS).


08/09/2008 09:22 AM

A single versus multiple doses of dexamethasone in infants wheezing for the first time

Pediatric Pulmonology Published Online: 30 Jul 2008

Corticosteroid therapy is not routinely recommended in true bronchiolitis. However, since bronchiolitis and the first asthma attack are impossible to distinguish, some infants with the first wheezing episode receive corticosteroids. Optimal duration of corticosteroid therapy in this scenario is unknown. This study compared efficacy of multiple administrations and a single dose of dexamethasone in bronchiolitis


08/09/2008 09:21 AM

Clinical Characteristics of Human Bocavirus Infections Compared With Other Respiratory Viruses in Spanish Children

Pediatric Infectious Disease Journal. 27(8):677-680, August 2008

Human bocavirus (HBoV) can be found in a substantial proportion of children with respiratory tract diseases. The relative importance of HBoV in viral respiratory tract illnesses is not yet well known.


08/09/2008 09:20 AM

Treatment of pulmonary fibrosis for twenty weeks with imatinib mesylate in a patient with mixed connective tissue disease

Arthritis & Rheumatism Volume 58 Issue 8, Pages 2538 - 2542

Interstitial lung disease, which is common in patients with mixed connective tissue disease (MCTD), can progress to severe pulmonary fibrosis. The tyrosine kinase inhibitor imatinib mesylate has recently been shown to prevent experimental pulmonary, dermal, and renal fibrosis.


08/09/2008 09:19 AM

Procalcitonin in stable and unstable patients with bronchiectasis

Chronic Respiratory Disease, Vol. 5, No. 3, 155-160 (2008)

Presently used markers of infection in bronchiectasis are inadequate to judge stability or make decisions about antibiotic treatment during bacterial exacerbations. Procalcitonin (PCT) is a new marker that has been used in community-acquired pneumonia and promises to allow much more specific and sensitive monitoring of patients with bacterial infections.


08/09/2008 09:18 AM

Hypoxemia in patients on chronic opiate therapy with and without sleep apnea

Sleep and Breathing 1520-9512 (Print) 10.1007/s11325-008-0208-4

Animal models have shown a quantal slowing of respiratory pattern when exposed to opioid agonist, in a pattern similar to that observed in central sleep apnea.


08/09/2008 09:18 AM

Catheter-Directed Embolectomy, Fragmentation, and Thrombolysis for the Treatment of Massive Pulmonary Embolism After Failure of Systemic Thrombolysis

Chest. 2008; 134:250-254

The standard medical management for patients in extremis from massive pulmonary embolism (PE) is systemic thrombolysis, but the utility of this treatment relative to catheter-directed intervention (CDI) is unknown. We evaluated the effectiveness of CDI as part of a treatment algorithm for life-threatening PE.


08/09/2008 09:17 AM

Noninvasive ventilation as ceiling of therapy in end-stage chronic obstructive pulmonary disease

Chronic Respiratory Disease, Vol. 5, No. 3, 143-148 (2008)

The benefits of noninvasive ventilation (NIV) for acute hypercapnic respiratory failure caused by chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) are well recognized and consequently its use is widespread


08/09/2008 09:16 AM

Lung Perfusion Imaging Can Risk Stratify Lung Cancer Patients for the Development of Pulmonary Complications after Chemoradiation

Journal of Thoracic Oncology. 3(8):858-864, August 2008

Introduction: We investigated the value of lung perfusion imaging in predicting the risk of developing pulmonary complications after chemoradiation (CRT) or radiation therapy (RT) for lung cancer.


08/09/2008 09:15 AM

Quality of life and inflammation in exacerbations of bronchiectasis

Chronic Respiratory Disease, Vol. 5, No. 3, 161-168 (2008)

Patients with bronchiectasis often have impaired quality of life (QoL), which deteriorates with exacerbations. The aim of this study was to investigate changes in QoL and how these were influenced by changes in airway physiology and inflammation in patients with bronchiectasis before and after resolution of an exacerbation.


08/09/2008 08:53 AM

Anabolic steroids in COPD: a review and preliminary results of a randomized trial

Chronic Respiratory Disease, Vol. 5, No. 3, 169-176 (2008)

Patients with severe chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) commonly develop weight loss, muscle wasting, and consequently poor survival. Nutritional supplementation and anabolic steroids increase lean body mass, improve muscle strength, and survival in patients enrolled in comprehensive rehabilitation programs.


08/09/2008 08:53 AM

Ventilatory, hemodynamic, sympathetic nervous system, and vascular reactivity changes after recurrent nocturnal sustained hypoxia in humans

Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol 295: H778-H785, 2008

Recurrent and intermittent nocturnal hypoxia is characteristic of several diseases including chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, congestive heart failure, obesity-hypoventilation syndrome, and obstructive sleep apnea.


08/09/2008 08:51 AM

Pediatric Autoimmune Neuropsychiatric Disorders Associated With Streptococcus: Comparison of Diagnosis and Treatment in the Community and at a Specialty Clinic

PEDIATRICS Vol. 122 No. 2 August 2008, pp. 273-278

This study aimed to examine whether pediatric autoimmune neuropsychiatric disorders associated with streptococcus were appropriately diagnosed in the community and to determine subsequent rates of unwarranted use of antibiotic treatment for tics and obsessive-compulsive symptoms without the identification of an infection.


08/09/2008 08:47 AM

Erratum to 'Development of the obstructive sleep apnea knowledge and attitudes (OSAKA) questionnaire'

Sleep Medicine Volume 9, Issue 6, Page 705 (August 2008)


08/09/2008 08:46 AM

Central apneas in a case of Crisponi syndrome

Sleep Medicine Volume 9, Issue 6, Pages 703-704 (August 2008)


08/09/2008 08:45 AM

Restless legs syndrome (RLS): An unrecognized cause for bedtime problems and insomnia in children

Sleep Medicine Volume 9, Issue 6, Pages 701-702 (August 2008)


08/09/2008 08:44 AM

Sleep quality in a family with hereditary parkinsonism (PARK6)

Sleep Medicine Volume 9, Issue 6, Pages 684-688 (August 2008)

The autosomal recessive disorder PARK6 manifests as early-onset Parkinson’s disease (PD) with a particularly mild progression. PARK6 is of particular scientific interest, since it is caused by loss-of-function mutations in the mitochondrial protein kinase PINK1 and may thus serve as a model for oxidative damage in PD and in other basal ganglia disorders.


08/09/2008 08:43 AM

Hypersomnolence, insomnia and the pathophysiology of upper airway resistance syndrome

Sleep Medicine Volume 9, Issue 6, Pages 675-683 (August 2008)

In order to test the hypothesis that upper airway resistance syndrome (UARS) is merely an extension of the pathophysiology of obstructive sleep apnea/hypopnea (OSA/H) to less severe pharyngeal collapse during sleep, we compared the severity of hypersomnolence and the prevalence of insomnia in UARS patients to the patterns observed for OSA/H patients.


08/09/2008 08:42 AM

Increased plasma levels of inflammatory markers and upper airway resistance during sleep in pre-eclampsia

Sleep Medicine Volume 9, Issue 6, Pages 667-674 (August 2008)

To evaluate pregnancy-associated sleep disorders, pregnancy outcomes and inflammatory markers in pre-eclampsia and normal pregnancy (control).


08/09/2008 08:40 AM

Cardiac function after CPAP therapy in patients with chronic heart failure and sleep apnea: A multicenter study

Sleep Medicine Volume 9, Issue 6, Pages 660-666 (August 2008)

Continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) is an effective treatment for sleep apnea (SA), although the evidence for improving chronic heart failure (CHF) is inconclusive. Our aim was to evaluate the effect of CPAP treatment on the left ventricle ejection fraction (LVEF) among other cardiological variables in a randomized, multicenter, placebo (sham-CPAP)-controlled study.


08/09/2008 08:39 AM

Bi-level positive pressure ventilation and adaptive servo ventilation in patients with heart failure and Cheyne-Stokes respiration

Sleep Medicine Volume 9, Issue 6, Pages 652-659 (August 2008)

Nocturnal positive pressure ventilation (PPV) has been shown to be effective in patients with impaired left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) and Cheyne-Stokes respiration (CSR). We investigated the effect of a bi-level PPV and adaptive servo ventilation on LVEF, CSR, and quantitative sleep quality.


08/09/2008 08:38 AM

Quality of life in patients with congestive heart failure and central sleep apnea

Sleep Medicine Volume 9, Issue 6, Pages 646-651 (August 2008)

To assess the impact of Cheyne-Stoke respiration-central sleep apnea (CSR-CSA) on quality of life (QOL) in patients with congestive heart failure (CHF). QOL was established using the MLHFQ (Minnesota Living with Heart Failure Questionnaire), and the FOSQ (Functional Outcomes of Sleep Questionnaire).


08/09/2008 08:37 AM

Reduced renal function and sleep-disordered breathing in community-dwelling elderly men

Sleep Medicine Volume 9, Issue 6, Pages 637-645 (August 2008)

Sleep-disordered breathing (SDB) may increase the risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD) and death in chronic kidney disease (CKD). However, the association between mild reductions in renal function and SDB is uncertain.


08/09/2008 08:36 AM

Quality of life in patients with chronic heart failure and Cheyne-Stokes respiration

Sleep Medicine Volume 9, Issue 6, Pages 601-602 (August 2008)


08/09/2008 08:34 AM

Sleep-disordered breathing and reductions in renal function: Are they associated in the elderly?

Sleep Medicine Volume 9, Issue 6, Pages 598-600 (August 2008)


08/07/2008 02:56 PM

Signaling pathways required for macrophage scavenger receptor-mediated phagocytosis: analysis by scanning cytometry

Respiratory Research 2008, 9:59

Scavenger receptors are important components of the innate immune system in the lung, allowing alveolar macrophages to bind and phagocytose numerous unopsonized targets.


08/07/2008 02:54 PM

Differential expression of lipoprotein genes in Mycoplasma pneumoniae after contact with human lung epithelial cells, and under oxidative and acidic stress

BMC Microbiology 2008, 8:124

Mycoplasma pneumoniae is a human pathogen that is a common cause of community-acquired pneumonia. It harbours a large number of lipoprotein genes, most of which are of unknown function.


08/07/2008 02:54 PM

Neutrophil degranulation mediates severe lung damage triggered by streptococcal M1 protein

Eur Respir J 2008; 32:405-412

Streptococcus pyogenes of the M1 serotype can cause streptococcal toxic shock syndrome commonly associated with acute lung injury. The aim of the present study was to investigate the role of neutrophils and their secretion products in M1 protein-induced lung damage.


08/07/2008 02:53 PM

Functional single nucleotide polymorphisms of the CCL5 gene and nonemphysematous phenotype in COPD patients

Eur Respir J 2008; 32:372-378

It was previously reported that the gain-of-function -28 guanine allele of the promoter single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP; cytosine to guanine substitution of nucleotide -28 (-28C>G)) in the CC chemokine ligand 5 gene (CCL5) was associated with susceptibility to late-onset asthma in patients who developed asthma at age >40 yrs.


08/07/2008 02:51 PM

Pulmonary Neuroendocrine Cell System in Health and Disease

Current Respiratory Medicine Reviews, Volume 4, Number 3, August 2008 , pp. 174-186(13)

Pulmonary neuroendocrine cell (PNEC) system consists of solitary cells and innervated clusters, neuroepithelial bodies (NEB), widely distributed throughout the airway mucosa of mammalian lungs.


08/07/2008 02:50 PM

Proliferation is not increased in airway myofibroblasts isolated from asthmatics

Eur Respir J 2008; 32:362-371

Airway mesenchymal cells, such as myofibroblasts and airway smooth muscle cells, contribute to inflammation, airway remodelling and hyperresponsiveness in asthma by excessive proliferation and inflammatory mediator production.


08/07/2008 02:50 PM

Increased urinary leukotriene E4 concentration in patients with eosinophilic pneumonia

Eur Respir J 2008; 32:437-442

Although eosinophils produce cysteinyl leukotrienes (CysLTs) in large quantities, information on the relationship between CysLTs and eosinophilic pneumonia (EP) is lacking. Inflammatory mediator concentrations in urine were quantified to clarify the relationship between CysLT concentrations and EP severity.


08/07/2008 02:49 PM

The emergence of human metapneumovirus

Future Virology, Volume 3, Number 4, July 2008 , pp. 363-371(9)

Until relatively recently there had been episodes when children had been admitted into hospitals with symptoms that were similar to those expected for human respiratory syncytial virus (HRSV), but the available diagnostic procedures failed to detect the presence of HRSV, and the causative disease agent remained unidentified.


08/07/2008 02:41 PM

Barriers to adherence to cystic fibrosis infection control guidelines

Pediatric Pulmonology Published Online: 31 Jul 2008

In 2003, the American Cystic Fibrosis (CF) Foundation published revised, evidence-based guidelines for infection control. We sought to assess potential barriers to adherence to these guidelines experienced by health care professionals (HCPs) caring for CF patients.


08/07/2008 02:40 PM

Changes in exercise haemodynamics during treatment in pulmonary arterial hypertension

Eur Respir J 2008; 32:393-398

Improvement in exercise capacity may not be associated with significant changes in resting pulmonary haemodynamics. The present prospective study documented the relationships between improvement in 6-min walking distance (6MWD) and changes in resting and exercise pulmonary haemodynamics after treatment in patients with idiopathic pulmonary arterial hypertension (IPAH).


08/07/2008 02:39 PM

Upper airway collapse and reopening induce inflammation in a sleep apnoea model

Eur Respir J 2008; 32:399-404

The upper airway of obstructive sleep apnoea patients is subjected to recurrent negative pressure swings promoting its collapse and reopening. The aim of the present study was to ascertain whether this mechanical stress induces upper airway inflammation in a rat model.


08/07/2008 02:39 PM

Approach to diagnosis and pathological examination in bronchial Dieulafoy disease: a case series

Respiratory Research 2008, 9:58

There are limited series concerning Dieulafoy disease of the bronchus. We describe the clinical presentation of a series of 7 patients diagnosed with Dieulafoy disease of the bronchus and provide information about the pathological diagnosis approach.


08/07/2008 02:38 PM

Pleural Fluid Analysis for Evaluating Pleural Effusions

Current Respiratory Medicine Reviews, Volume 4, Number 3, August 2008 , pp. 217-225(9)

Virtually all patients with a newly discovered pleural effusion should undergo thoracentesis to aid in diagnosis and management. Pleural fluid (PF) samples should be collected into heparinized tubes to prevent clot formation.


08/07/2008 02:37 PM

Beta-2 Agonists in Asthma: Medicine or Murderer?

Current Respiratory Medicine Reviews, Volume 4, Number 3, August 2008 , pp. 208-216(9)

Asthma is a chronic inflammatory disorder of the respiratory system characterised by recurrent "reversible" obstruction of the airwflow in the airway. Various agents have been used in the treatment of asthma out of which inhaled beta-2 agonists have been mainstay of bronchodilator therapy of asthma for more than 40 years.


08/07/2008 02:34 PM

SMART Approaches for Reducing Nosocomial Infections in the ICU

Chest. 2008; 134:447-456

Nosocomial infections are problematic in the ICU because of their frequency, morbidity, and mortality. The most common ICU infections are pneumonia, bloodstream infection, and urinary tract infection, most of which are device related.


08/07/2008 02:33 PM

Particulate Matter Exposure during Domestic Work in Nepal

Annals of Occupational Hygiene 2008 52(6):509-517

To measure particulate matter (PM) exposure of people involved in domestic work (i.e. housework by a resident, not paid work) in urban and rural Nepal, with exposure to biomass smoke in the rural areas, and to examine the performance of photometric devices in collecting these data.


08/07/2008 02:32 PM

Generation and Homogeneity of Aerosols in a Human Whole-Body Inhalation Chamber

Annals of Occupational Hygiene 2008 52(6):545-554

A 16 m3 whole-body exposure chamber for human exposure to aerosols is described. Several modifications of the aerosol generation and distribution system were needed to ensure a stable aerosol concentration in the chamber, especially when a cyclone pre-classifier was used.


08/07/2008 02:32 PM

Childhood Respiratory Disease and the Risk of Anxiety Disorder and Major Depression in Adulthood

Arch Pediatr Adolesc Med. 2008;162(8):774-780

Respiratory disease in childhood was associated with an elevated risk of receiving treatment for anxiety disorders but not mood disorders. Specifically, higher respiratory rate at age 4 months was associated with significantly increased odds of receiving treatment for anxiety by age 34 years (odds ratio, 2.2; 95% confidence interval, 1.1-4.4; P < .05).


08/07/2008 02:31 PM

Epithelial Cell-Extracellular Matrix Interactions and Stem Cells in Airway Epithelial Regeneration

The Proceedings of the American Thoracic Society 5:689-694 (2008)

In healthy subjects, the respiratory epithelium forms a continuous lining to the airways and to the environment, and plays a unique role as a barrier against external deleterious agents to protect the airways from the insults.


08/07/2008 02:30 PM

TNFA -308G>A in two international population-based cohorts and risk of asthma

Eur Respir J 2008; 32:350-361

Genetic association studies have related the tumour necrosis factor-{alpha} gene (TNFA) guanine to adenine substitution of nucleotide -308 (-308G>A) polymorphism to increased risk of asthma, but results are inconsistent.


08/07/2008 02:29 PM

Occupational risk factors for rhinitis in greenhouse flower and ornamental plant growers

American Journal of Rhinology, Volume 22, Number 4, 7/8 2008 , pp. 361-364(4)

The purpose of this study was to assess the relationships between rhinitis, exposure to workplace air contaminants, and occupational characteristics in greenhouse flower and ornamental plant (OP) growers.


08/07/2008 02:26 PM

Effect of weight reduction on rhinometric measurements in overweight patients with obstructive sleep apnea

American Journal of Rhinology, Volume 22, Number 4, 7/8 2008 , pp. 410-415(6)

Elevated nasal resistance and obesity predispose to obstructive sleep apnea (OSA). Weight loss has been shown to result in an alleviation of OSA, but its effect on nasal airflow has not been studied.


08/07/2008 02:25 PM

Nonventilatory Strategies for Prevention and Treatment of Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia - What Is the Evidence?

Neonatology 2008;94:150-159

This review briefly summarizes the evidence for a number of mainly drug-related strategies to prevent or treat bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD).


08/07/2008 02:24 PM

TLR Expression on Neutrophils at the Pulmonary Site of Infection: TLR1/TLR2-Mediated Up-Regulation of TLR5 Expression in Cystic Fibrosis Lung Disease

The Journal of Immunology, 2008, 181: 2753-2763

Cystic fibrosis (CF) lung disease is characterized by infection with Pseudomonas aeruginosa and a sustained accumulation of neutrophils.


08/07/2008 02:23 PM

Expression and Cellular Provenance of Thymic Stromal Lymphopoietin and Chemokines in Patients with Severe Asthma and Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease

The Journal of Immunology, 2008, 181: 2790-2798

Asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) are associated with Th2 and Th1 differentiated T cells. The cytokine thymic stromal lymphopoietin (TSLP) promotes differentiation of Th2 T cells and secretion of chemokines which preferentially attract them.


08/07/2008 02:22 PM

An Integration of Parents' and Best Friends' Smoking, Smoking-Specific Cognitions, and Nicotine Dependence in Relation to Readiness to Quit Smoking: A Comparison between Adolescents with and without Asthma

Journal of Pediatric Psychology 2008 33(8):821-832

To study the impact of parents' and best friends' smoking, nicotine dependence, and craving on smoking-specific cognitions, and readiness to quit in adolescents with and without asthma.


08/07/2008 02:21 PM

A Cumulative Risk Model Predicting Caregiver Quality of Life in Pediatric Asthma

Journal of Pediatric Psychology 2008 33(8):809-818

To examine the relationship between a cumulative risk model and caregiver quality of life (QOL) in pediatric asthma and determine whether caregiver QOL is predicted by a linear or quadratic model of cumulative risk.


08/07/2008 02:20 PM

The Glandular Stem/Progenitor Cell Niche in Airway Development and Repair

The Proceedings of the American Thoracic Society 5:682-688 (2008)

Airway submucosal glands (SMGs) are major secretory structures that lie beneath the epithelium of the cartilaginous airway. These glands are believed to play important roles in normal lung function and airway innate immunity by secreting antibacterial factors, mucus, and fluid into the airway lumen.


08/07/2008 02:20 PM

Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs upregulate function of wild-type and mutant CFTR

Eur Respir J 2008; 32:334-343

Small-scale clinical trials show that treatment of cystic fibrosis (CF) patients with ibuprofen, a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug, improves the symptoms of CF and slows down the decline of lung function.


08/07/2008 02:19 PM

Prevention of Venous Thromboembolism in Neurosurgery

Chest. 2008; 134:237-249

Venous thromboembolism (VTE) is an important complication of neurosurgery. Current guidelines recommend pharmacologic prophylaxis in this setting with either unfractionated heparin or low-molecular-weight heparin (LMWH).


08/07/2008 02:18 PM

Pediatric Home Apnea Monitors

Chest. 2008; 134:425-429

A series of new current procedural terminology codes have been created that allow health-care providers to code and bill for pediatric home apnea monitoring in the United States. Apnea monitors have been used at home on pediatric patients at risk for sudden death for > 30 years without the benefit of evidence-based efficacy studies.


08/07/2008 02:17 PM

Long-term Use of Sildenafil in Inoperable Chronic Thromboembolic Pulmonary Hypertension

Chest. 2008; 134:229-236


There are currently no licensed medical therapies for inoperable chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension (CTEPH).


08/07/2008 02:17 PM

Illnesses at High Altitude

Chest. 2008; 134:402-416

High-altitude illnesses have profound consequences on the health of many unsuspecting and otherwise healthy individuals who sojourn to high altitude for recreation and work. The clinical manifestations of high-altitude illnesses are secondary to the extravasation of fluid from the intravascular to extravascular space, especially in the brain and lungs.


08/07/2008 02:16 PM

Plethysmographic lung volumes in normal chilean children and adolescents

Pediatric Pulmonology Published Online: 4 Aug 2008

Plethysmographic measurement is the most reliable method for evaluating lung volumes in children. Current published normative data are based on studies in primarily Caucasian children.


08/07/2008 02:15 PM

Videothoracoscopic Resection of Encapsulated Thymic Carcinoma: Retrospective Comparison of the Results Between Thoracoscopy and Open Methods

Annals of Surgical Oncology 15:2235-2238 (2008)

Although videothoracoscopic (VTS) resection of thymoma has been reported to be a less invasive technique than open sternotomy, the usefulness of this method in the treatment of encapsulated thymic carcinoma has not yet been evaluated.


08/07/2008 02:14 PM

Smoke exposure, airway symptoms and exhaled nitric oxide in infants: the Generation R study

Eur Respir J 2008; 32:307-313


The effect of pre- and post-natal smoke exposure on exhaled nitric oxide fraction (FeNO) in infants was evaluated and the association between respiratory symptoms and FeNO in the first 2 months of life was investigated. The Generation R study is a population-based, prenatally recruited birth cohort.


08/07/2008 02:13 PM

Molecular Mechanisms of Corticosteroid Resistance

Chest. 2008; 134:394-401

Most patients with asthma are successfully treated with conventional therapy. Nevertheless, there is a small proportion of asthmatic patients, including present cigarette smokers and former cigarette smokers, who fail to respond well to therapy with high-dose glucocorticoids (GCs) or with supplementary therapy.


08/07/2008 02:12 PM

FEV1 Response to Bronchodilation in an Adult Urban Population

Chest. 2008; 134:387-39

Most studies evaluating bronchodilation in flow-volume spirometry have been conducted in patients with obstructive airways diseases, but less is known about bronchodilation responses in the general population or in healthy subjects.


08/07/2008 02:12 PM

Bacterial cyanogenesis occurs in the cystic fibrosis lung

Eur Respir J 2008; 32:329-333

The cystic fibrosis (CF) lung environment is poorly defined, but data suggest that bacteria may encounter reduced oxygen tensions and possibly an anaerobic environment.


08/07/2008 02:11 PM

Serial viral infections in infants with recurrent respiratory illnesses

Eur Respir J 2008; 32:314-320

To better understand the viral aetiology of recurrent and prolonged illnesses, nasal secretions were prospectively collected from 285 infants at increased risk of developing asthma.


08/07/2008 02:11 PM

Emphysema in young adult survivors of moderate-to-severe bronchopulmonary dysplasia

Eur Respir J 2008; 32:321-328

Improved survival following extreme preterm birth complicated by bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) is resulting in an increasing number of affected infants surviving to adulthood.


08/07/2008 02:10 PM

Exhaled nitric oxide predicts lung function decline in difficult-to-treat asthma

Eur Respir J 2008; 32:344-349

A subset of patients with asthma is known to have progressive loss of lung function despite treatment with corticosteroids. The aim of the present study was to identify risk factors of decline in forced expiratory volume in one second (FEV1) in patients with difficult-to-treat asthma.


08/07/2008 02:06 PM

Control of asthma triggers in indoor air with air cleaners: a modeling analysis

Environmental Health 2008, 7:43

Reducing exposure to environmental agents indoors shown to increase asthma symptoms or lead to asthma exacerbations is an important component of a strategy to manage asthma for individuals.


08/05/2008 03:54 PM

Correction of Anomalous Drainage of Right Superior Vena Cava to Left Atrium

Asian Cardiovasc Thorac Ann 2008;16:e32-e34

A 2-year-old boy with cyanosis was found to have normal situs and looping with anomalous drainage of a right-sided superior vena cava to the left atrium, and intact interatrial septum in association with anomalous drainage of the left pulmonary veins to the right superior vena cava.


08/05/2008 03:53 PM

The New Genetics and Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease

COPD: Journal of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease, Volume 5, Issue 4 August 2008 , pages 257 - 264

Epidemiological and family studies provide evidence for genetic factors contributing to chronic obstructive airways disease (COPD) susceptibility. Studies to date have focused on candidate genes implicated in the pathogenesis of the disease.


08/05/2008 03:52 PM

Extrathoracic airway hyperresponsiveness as a mechanism of post infectious cough: case report

Cough 2008, 4:7

Post-infectious cough is a common diagnosis in people with chronic cough. However, the specific infectious aetiology and cough mechanisms are seldom identified.


08/05/2008 03:51 PM

Advanced chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: rethinking models of care

QJM, doi:10.1093/qjmed/hcn087

Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is unique among leading causes of death in western society. Prevalence, associated morbidity and attributable mortality continue to rise.


08/05/2008 03:50 PM

The Direct Medical Costs of Undiagnosed Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease

Value in Health, Volume 11, Number 4, July/August 2008 , pp. 628-636(9)

To estimate the costs of undiagnosed chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) by describing inpatient, outpatient, and pharmacy utilization in the years before and after the diagnosis.


08/05/2008 03:50 PM

Risk factors for death while awaiting lung transplantation in Israeli patients: 1997-2006

Eur J Cardiothorac Surg 2008;34:444-448

Patients with end-stage lung disease very frequently die while awaiting lung transplantation. The aim of this study was to identify factors associated with mortality in patients referred for lung transplant assessment.


08/05/2008 03:48 PM

Long-term clinical results of thoracoscopic Heller's myotomy in the treatment of achalasia

Eur J Cardiothorac Surg 2008;34:423-426

The aim of this study is to review the immediate and long-term results of video-imaged thoracoscopic Heller's myotomy (THM). Methods: All patients undergoing THM by a single surgeon at one institution were analysed.


08/05/2008 03:47 PM

Hypersensitivity pneumonitis secondary to lovebirds: a new cause of bird fancier's disease

Eur Respir J 2008; 32:517-521

Hypersensitivity pneumonitis (HP) is an immunologically mediated lung disease due to the repetitive inhalation of antigens. Most new cases arise from residential exposures, notably to birds, and are thus more difficult to recognise.


08/05/2008 03:46 PM

Health-related quality of life in COPD patients with chronic respiratory failure

Eur Respir J 2008; 32:379-386

The Maugeri Respiratory Failure (MRF-28) and Severe Respiratory Insufficiency (SRI) questionnaires were recently developed to assess health-related quality of life (HRQoL) in patients with chronic respiratory failure, although not exclusively in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) patients.


08/05/2008 03:45 PM

Exhaled breath condensate biomarkers in COPD

Eur Respir J 2008; 32:472-486

Biomarkers in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease may be useful in aiding diagnosis, defining specific phenotypes of disease, monitoring exacerbations and evaluating the effects of drugs. Exhaled breath condensate is a noninvasive means of sampling the airways, allowing biomarkers of airway inflammation and oxidative stress to be measured.


08/05/2008 03:45 PM

Endovascular Repair of Traumatic Thoracic Aortic Injuries: a Critical Appraisal

Asian Cardiovasc Thorac Ann 2008;16:337-345

Blunt trauma to the thoracic aorta is life-threatening, with instant fatality in at least 75% of victims. If left untreated, nearly half of those who survive the initial injury will die within the first 24 hours.


08/05/2008 03:44 PM

Shifting patterns of inhaled antibiotic use in cystic fibrosis

Pediatric Pulmonology Published Online: 30 Jul 2008

Antibiotic inhalation has become widely accepted as a standard treatment for cystic fibrosis (CF) airway infection. We assessed the prevalence and context of inhaled antibiotic use in the North American CF population.


08/05/2008 03:42 PM

Systemic Sclerosis-Related Interstitial Lung Disease

Current Respiratory Medicine Reviews, Volume 4, Number 3, August 2008 , pp. 226-232(7)

Systemic sclerosis is a multisystem autoimmune disease with potential lung manifestations that include pulmonary vascular and interstitial disease.


08/05/2008 03:42 PM

Novel thin bronchoscope with a 1.7-mm working channel for peripheral pulmonary lesions

Eur Respir J 2008; 32:465-471

A total of 118 patients were included in this prospective study. Bronchoscopic examination was performed using a 5.9-mm standard bronchoscope.


08/05/2008 03:41 PM

Corticosteroids in severe pneumonia

Eur Respir J 2008; 32:259-264

The mortality rate in severe community- or hospital-acquired pneumonia is very high, ranging 20-50%. Despite advances in antimicrobial therapy and supportive measures, this rate has not changed in recent years, suggesting that other factors are also responsible for the poor outcome.


08/05/2008 03:40 PM

Determinants of Long-Term Mortality after Prolonged Mechanical Ventilation

Lung 0341-2040 (Print) 10.1007/s00408-008-9110-x

The poor long-term survival of patients requiring prolonged mechanical ventilation may be due to potentially modifiable factors.


08/05/2008 03:38 PM

Surgical Treatment of the Sleep Apnea Syndrome in the Twenty-First Century

Current Respiratory Medicine Reviews, Volume 4, Number 3, August 2008 , pp. 187-207(21)

Sleep apnea syndrome is a disease of high prevalence and high morbidity, for which surgery used to be the only possible therapeutic approach. Uvulo-palatopharyngoplasty (UPPP) was the technique used until the nineteen eighties. However, surgery has largely been abandoned since the introduction of nasal continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP), which has become the main treatment option today.


08/05/2008 03:38 PM

Integrating Palliative Care in Severe Chronic Obstructive Lung Disease

COPD: Journal of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease, Volume 5, Issue 4 August 2008 , pages 207 - 220

Palliative care services for patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) have been limited in most health care schemes despite the significant impact its symptoms can have on quality of life (QOL).


08/05/2008 03:37 PM

Primary Tracheal Lymphoma Causing Respiratory Failure

Journal of Thoracic Oncology. 3(8):929-930, August 2008

Lymphomatous involvement of the airway causing stridor is a rare but frightening presentation of an eminently treatable condition. We describe a 24-year-old woman with tracheal non-Hodgkin lymphoma who was initially diagnosed with asthma, but subsequently presented with near-fatal acute upper airway obstruction because of a tracheal Anaplastic Lymphoma Kinase (ALK)+ anaplastic T-cell lymphoma.


08/05/2008 03:36 PM

Lipopolysaccharide induced inflammation in the perivascular space in lungs

Journal of Occupational Medicine and Toxicology 2008, 3:17

Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) contained in tobacco smoke and a variety of environmental and occupational dusts is a toxic agent causing lung inflammation characterized by migration of neutrophils and monocytes into alveoli.


08/05/2008 03:35 PM

Respiratory syncytial virus infections in children with acute myeloid leukemia: A report from the Children's Oncology Group

Pediatric Blood & Cancer Published Online: 4 Aug 2008

Morbidity and mortality related to respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) in pediatric acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is not known.


08/05/2008 03:34 PM

Predictors of Septic Metastatic Infection and Mortality among Patients with Klebsiella pneumoniae Liver Abscess

Clinical Infectious Diseases 2008;47:642-650

Primary liver abscess caused by Klebsiella pneumoniae is an infection that is emerging worldwide and that is associated with severe morbidity and considerable mortality.


08/05/2008 03:32 PM

In children with prolonged cough, does treatment with antibiotics have a better effect on cough resolution than no treatment?

Paediatrics & Child Health July/August 2008, Volume 13 Issue 6: 512-514

Prolonged cough in children refers to a persistent cough lasting for more than three to four weeks that is not associated with a known underlying respiratory disease, such as cystic fibrosis or asthma.


08/05/2008 03:32 PM

A new serotype 14 variant of the pneumococcal Spain9V-3 international clone detected in the central region of Argentina

J Med Microbiol 57 (2008), 992-999

The penicillin-resistant Spain9V-3 clone of Streptococcus pneumoniae is widespread and presents different serotype variants originating from recombination of the capsular genes.


08/05/2008 03:30 PM

NKCC-1 and ENaC are down-regulated in nitrofen-induced hypoplastic lungs with congenital diaphragmatic hernia

Pediatric Surgery International 0179-0358 (Print) 10.1007/s00383-008-2209-6

Congenital diaphragmatic hernia (CDH) is accompanied by pulmonary hypoplasia and pulmonary hypertension.


08/05/2008 03:29 PM

Osteoblastic response as a healing reaction to chemotherapy mimicking progressive disease in patients with small cell lung cancer

European Radiology 0938-7994 (Print) 10.1007/s00330-008-1115-6

The osteoblastic response (OR) phenomenon as a healing reaction during effective chemotherapy-defined by the appearance of new osteoblastic bone lesions while disease response in other tumor sites was well documented-has previously been described for breast and prostate cancer.


08/05/2008 03:28 PM

Supplemental Oxygen Compromises the Use of Pulse Oximetry for Detection of Apnea and Hypoventilation During Sedation in Simulated Pediatric Patients

PEDIATRICS Vol. 122 No. 2 August 2008, pp. 293-298

The goal was to assess the time to recognition of apnea in a simulated pediatric sedation scenario, with and without supplemental oxygen.


08/05/2008 03:27 PM

Patterns of motivations and ways of quitting smoking among Polish smokers: A questionnaire study

BMC Public Health 2008, 8:274

The majority of Polish smokers declare their will to quit smoking and many of them attempt to quit. Although morbidity and mortality from tobacco-related diseases are among the highest in the world, there is a lack of comprehensive cessation support for smokers.


08/05/2008 03:26 PM

COPD as a Lung Disease with Systemic Consequences - Clinical Impact, Mechanisms, and Potential for Early Intervention

COPD: Journal of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease, Volume 5, Issue 4 August 2008 , pages 235 - 256

The natural course of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is complicated by the development of systemic consequences and co-morbidities.


08/05/2008 03:25 PM

A Double-Blind Crossover Study Comparing the Safety and Efficacy of Three Weeks of Flu/Sal 250/50 bid Plus Albuterol 180 ug prn q4 hours to Flu/Sal 250/50 bid Plus Albuterol/Ipratropium Bromide 2 puffs prn q4 hours in Patients with Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease

COPD: Journal of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease, Volume 5, Issue 4 August 2008 , pages 221 - 227

Short-acting beta agonists (SABA) have been the recommended rescue medication; however, previous studies have shown that combination short-acting Albuterol (alb) /Ipratropium bromide (IB) has superior bronchodilator properties to albuterol alone in patients with COPD.


08/05/2008 03:24 PM

The incidence of respiratory symptoms and sensitisation in baker apprentices

Eur Respir J 2008; 32:452-459

The aim of the current study was to describe the incidence of respiratory symptoms and allergic sensitisation and the sequence of events leading to respiratory symptoms among Danish baker apprentices (BA).


08/05/2008 03:23 PM

Neutrophilic airway inflammation and association with bacterial lipopolysaccharide in children with asthma and wheezing

Pediatric Pulmonology Published Online: 30 Jul 2008

Asthma is a leading chronic childhood illness in the US. To gain further insight into the pathophysiology of childhood asthma, we studied markers of airway inflammation and possible triggers such as bacterial lipopolysaccharide (LPS) in 18 children with chronic asthma and persistent wheezing who underwent clinically indicated bronchoscopy and bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL).


08/05/2008 03:22 PM

Comparison of two humidification systems for long-term noninvasive mechanical ventilation

Eur Respir J 2008; 32:460-464

There is no consensus concerning the best system of humidification during long-term noninvasive mechanical ventilation (NIMV).


08/05/2008 03:20 PM

Seasonal Invasive Pneumococcal Disease in Children: Role of Preceding Respiratory Viral Infection

PEDIATRICS Vol. 122 No. 2 August 2008, pp. 229-237

Our objective was to demonstrate correlations between invasive pneumococcal disease in children and circulating respiratory viruses.


08/05/2008 03:19 PM

Survival with Tiotropium Compared to Long-Acting Beta-2-Agonists in Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease

COPD: Journal of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease, Volume 5, Issue 4 August 2008 , pages 229 - 234

Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) is the fourth-leading cause of chronic morbidity and mortality in North America and its burden continues to increase. Tiotropium has been shown to reduce exacerbations, hospitalizations, symptoms, and improve health-related quality of life in patients with COPD.


08/05/2008 03:19 PM

Fluid-containing emphysematous bullae: a spectrum of illness

Eur Respir J 2008; 32:303-306

Fluid-containing emphysematous bullae are an under-reported complication of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. The roles of bronchoscopy in the work-up and of antibiotics in the treatment are undefined.


08/05/2008 03:17 PM

Clinical predictors of pulmonary hypertension in sarcoidosis

Eur Respir J 2008; 32:296-302

Pulmonary hypertension (PH) adversely affects outcome in sarcoidosis and is an important predictor of mortality in these patients. Early and accurate diagnosis of this complication may improve outcome.


08/05/2008 03:16 PM

Approach to diagnosis and pathological examination in bronchial Dieulafoy disease: a case series

Respiratory Research 2008, 9:58

There are limited series concerning Dieulafoy disease of the bronchus. We describe the clinical presentation of a series of 7 patients diagnosed with Dieulafoy disease of the bronchus and provide information about the pathological diagnosis approach.


08/02/2008 10:45 AM

Life threatening pneumonia in a lupus patient: a case report

Cases Journal 2008, 1:70

We report a case of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) in a 44-year old Caucasian woman complicated with pneumonia and severe respiratory failure requiring ICU treatment and mechanical ventilation. Symptoms developed in a generally well controlled SLE course after sudden stop in immunosupresant therapy (methotrexate, cyclosporin and methylprednisolone).


08/02/2008 10:45 AM

Pulmonary arterial hypertension masquerading as severe refractory asthma

Eur Respir J 2008; 32:513-516

Once the diagnosis of pulmonary arterial hypertension is established, wheezing and chronic cough are rarely described during the course of the disease.


08/02/2008 10:44 AM

Right Atrial Thrombus Masquerading as Intracardiac Cyst: a Case Report

Asian Cardiovasc Thorac Ann 2008;16:e35-e36

Intracardiac cystic lesions are rare. Hydatid disease, blood cysts and bronchogenic cysts in various chambers of the heart have been reported. Right atrial thrombus presenting as a cystic lesion on echocardiogram has not been reported. We describe a patient with mitral regurgitation in atrial fibrillation with a right atrial cyst, which was found to be a cavitating thrombus.


08/02/2008 10:43 AM

Retrieval of Broken Paravertebral Catheter by Video-Assisted Thoracic Surgery

Asian Cardiovasc Thorac Ann 2008;16:321-323

A paravertebral catheter was placed in a 34-year-old man to provide analgesia after a right upper lobectomy. On removal, the catheter broke within the chest wall. Although bedside exploration and computed tomography scanning failed to locate it, the 13-cm long retained fragment was easily retrieved by video-assisted thoracic surgery, using a single-port technique.


08/02/2008 10:42 AM

Anomalous Left Coronary Artery from Non-facing Pulmonary Sinus

Asian Cardiovasc Thorac Ann 2008;16:324-326

A case of anomalous left coronary artery originating from the non-facing pulmonary sinus, located at the most distal position from the aorta, is described. An intrapulmonary tunnel was created without causing undue stenosis or kinking.


08/02/2008 10:42 AM

PSMB2 and RPL32 are suitable denominators to normalize gene expression profiles in bronchoalveolar cells

BMC Molecular Biology 2008, 9:69

The mRNA expression of ten housekeeping genes (ACTB, ARF1, CANX, G6PD, GAPDH, GPS1, GNB2L1, PSMB2, PSMD2, RPL32) was investigated by qRT-PCR in BAL cells from 71 subjects across a spectrum of lung diseases.


08/02/2008 10:41 AM

Aggressive digital papillary adenocarcinoma on the palm with pulmonary metastases

The Journal of Dermatology Volume 35 Issue 7, Pages 468 - 470

A 41-year-old Japanese male had aggressive digital papillary adenocarcinoma with pulmonary metastases. He had an asymptomatic, solitary, dome-shaped, skin-colored firm nodule on his left palm for half year.


08/02/2008 10:40 AM

Relationship Between Functional Residual Capacity and Oxygen Desaturation During Short Central Apneic Events During Sleep in "Late Preterm" Infants

Pediatric Research. 64(2):171-176, August 200

Apneic episodes are frequent in the preterm neonate and particularly in active sleep (AS), when functional residual capacity (FRC) can be decreased.


08/02/2008 10:39 AM

KL4-Surfactant (Lucinactant) Protects Human Airway Epithelium from Hyperoxia

Pediatric Research. 64(2):154-158, August 2008

Exogenous surfactant is critical in the treatment of neonates with respiratory distress syndrome. Lucinactant (Surfaxin; Discovery Laboratories, Inc.) is a surfactant replacement therapy containing sinulpeptide, which may reduce lung inflammation.


08/02/2008 10:38 AM

Bronchoalveolar Lavage MMP-9 and TIMP-1 in Preschool Wheezers and Their Relationship to Persistent Wheeze

Pediatric Research. 64(2):194-199, August 2008

Atopic preschool children are more likely to develop persistent wheezing, which could be a consequence of early airway remodeling. Protease-antiprotease balance between MMP-9 and its cognate inhibitor TIMP-1 may be involved in this process.


08/02/2008 10:38 AM

TGF-{beta} receptor II in epithelia versus mesenchyme plays distinct roles in the developing lung

Eur Respir J 2008; 32:285-295

Transforming growth factor (TGF)-{beta} signalling plays important roles in regulating lung development. However, the specific regulatory functions of TGF-{beta} signalling in developing lung epithelial versus mesenchymal cells are still unknown.


08/02/2008 10:37 AM

Ryanodine receptors decant internal Ca2+ store in human and bovine airway smooth muscle

Eur Respir J 2008; 32:275-284

Changes in intracellular Ca2+ concentration ([Ca2+]i) and membrane current were investigated in single cells by confocal fluorimetry and patch-clamp electrophysiology, respectively, whereas mechanical activity was monitored in intact strips with force transducers.


08/02/2008 10:36 AM

A 62-Year-Old Woman with Bilateral Pleural Effusions and Pulmonary Infiltrates Caused by Extramedullary Hematopoiesis

Respiration (DOI: 10.1159/000150913)

A 62-year-old female presented with a 1-month history of irritating cough and increasing dyspnea. A chronic idiopathic myelofibrosis had been diagnosed 5 years ago.


08/02/2008 10:35 AM

Gene Expression Profiles During In Vivo Human Rhinovirus Infection: Insights into the Host Response

Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med. 2008., doi:10.1164/rccm.200805-670OC

Human rhinovirus infections cause colds and trigger exacerbations of lower airway diseases. Objectives: To define changes in gene expression profiles during in vivo rhinovirus infections.


08/02/2008 10:34 AM

Musculoskeletal Manifestations and Rheumatic Symptoms in Patients with Cystic Fibrosis (CF) - No Observations of CF-specific Arthropathy

Journal of Rheumatology

To determine the character and frequency of musculoskeletal manifestations and rheumatic symptoms in patients with cystic fibrosis (CF).


08/02/2008 10:16 AM

Treatment of Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis With Etanercept: An Exploratory, Placebo-Controlled Trial

Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med. 2008, doi:10.1164/rccm.200709-1446OC

An efficacious medical therapy for idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) remains elusive. Purpose: To explore the efficacy and safety of etanercept in the treatment of IPF.


08/02/2008 10:14 AM

Congenital lung lesions: classification and concordance of radiological appearance and surgical pathology

Pediatric Surgery International 0179-0358 (Print) 10.1007/s00383-008-2201-1

Congenital lung lesions are diagnosed antenatally in the majority of cases. Postnatal management includes chest radiography and CT-scanning, followed by either surgical resection or CT surveillance. Pre-operatively, lesions are often "labelled" as CCAM (and the Stocker classification incorrectly applied), sequestration, or lobar emphysema, and their frequent "hybrid" nature sometimes missed.


08/02/2008 10:13 AM

Computed Tomography Imaging of Patients With Obstructive Sleep Apnea

Laryngoscope. 118(8):1486-1492, August 2008

This study used computed tomography (CT) to identify anatomic features of the awake upper respiratory tract (URT) that correlate with severity of obstructive sleep apnea (OSA).


08/02/2008 10:13 AM

Airway Bypass Improves the Mechanical Properties of Explanted Emphysematous Lungs

Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med. 2008, doi:10.1164/rccm.200712-1832OC

By creating artificial communications through bronchial walls into the parenchyma of explanted lungs (airway bypass), we expect to decrease the amount of gas trapped and to increase the rate and volume of air expelled during forced expirations.


08/02/2008 10:12 AM

Treating asthma means treating airway smooth muscle cells

Eur Respir J 2008; 32:265-274

Asthma is characterised by airway hyperresponsiveness, airway inflammation and airway remodelling. Airway smooth muscle cells are known to be the main effector cells of airway narrowing.


08/02/2008 10:11 AM

Slow breathing reduces sympathoexcitation in COPD

Eur Respir J 2008; 32:387-392

Neurohumoral activation has been shown to be present in hypoxic patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD).


08/02/2008 10:11 AM

Biomarkers in pulmonary hypertension

Eur Respir J 2008; 32:503-512

There have been significant recent advances in the understanding of the pathophysiology of pulmonary hypertension, and a growing number of therapeutic agents have become available to the treating physician.


08/02/2008 10:10 AM

Left Ventricular Response to Continuous Positive Airway Pressure: Role of Left Ventricular Geometry

Respiration (DOI: 10.1159/000150442)

Continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) may be a useful adjunct in patients with congestive heart failure.


08/02/2008 10:08 AM

Persistent Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus Aureus and Rate of FEV1 Decline in Cystic Fibrosis

Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med. 2008, doi:10.1164/rccm.200802-327OC

The prevalence in cystic fibrosis (CF) of respiratory cultures with methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) has dramatically increased over the last ten years, but the effect of MRSA on FEV1 decline in CF is unknown.


08/02/2008 10:04 AM

The role of neutrophils in the the upper and lower respiratory tract during influenza virus infection of mice

Respiratory Research 2008, 9:57

Neutrophils have been shown to play a role in host defence against highly virulent and mouse-adapted strains of influenza virus, however it is not clear if an effective neutrophil response is an important factor moderating disease severity during infection with other virus strains.


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