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The purpose of this study was to determine whether the incidence of influenza in Ontario, Canada has decreased following the introduction of the Universal Influenza Immunization Campaign (UIIC) in 2000.
Journal of Paediatrics and Child Health, Volume 42, Number 9, September 2006, pp. 491-495(5)
A previous position paper provided a national policy on asthma management for schools. This updated paper takes into account new medications and devices, changes in approaches to management, national guidelines for cleaning of asthma first aid kits in schools and the National Asthma Friendly Schools Program. School teachers and ancillary staff need to be aware both of asthma symptoms and the general principles of asthma management.
Journal of Thoracic Imaging. 21(3):228-230, August 2006
Bleomycin is a widely used chemotherapeutic that has been shown to induce life-threatening interstitial lung disease in a small subset of patients. We report a case of bleomycin-induced pneumonitis in a patient treated for Hodgkin lymphoma with severe clinical respiratory symptoms, a marked restrictive pattern on pulmonary function tests, and FDG avid lymphadenopathy and diffuse increased uptake involving both lungs on imaging.
Journal of Thoracic Imaging. 21(3):225-227, August 2006
Primary pulmonary meningioma is very rare, with about 30 cases reported in the English literature. These lesions are usually benign, grow slowly, and have an excellent prognosis. However, they can mimic any other pulmonary tumor, as the most common presentation is as a solitary pulmonary nodule.
Cardiology in Review. 14(5):213-214, September/October 2006
We investigated the accuracy of computed tomographic measurements of main pulmonary artery diameter (MPAD) and of MPAD/ascending aorta diameter (AAD) in predicting moderate or severe pulmonary hypertension in 190 patients with acute pulmonary embolism.
Current Opinion in Pulmonary Medicine. 12(5):291-298, September 2006
Minimally invasive diagnostic strategies for pulmonary embolism are in constant evolution, integrating new diagnostic tools along with the better use of clinical information.
Automatic positive airway pressure (APAP) devices are increasingly being used in patients with obstructive sleep apnea. Some APAP devices present an unstable behavior when subjected to some events or artifacts. The aims were to develop a bench model capable of reproducing real flow, snoring, and obstructive patterns and to compare the response of APAP devices based on flow and snoring with other devices using, in addition, the forced oscillation technique (FOT).
Journal of Pediatric Hematology/Oncology. 28(8):481-485, August 2006
Little is known about the temporal relationship between an asthma exacerbation and a painful episode in a child with sickle cell disease (SCD). We tested the hypothesis that respiratory symptoms either immediately precede or occur concomitantly with painful episodes more frequently in children with SCD and asthma when compared with children with SCD without asthma.
Clinical Microbiology & Infection, Volume 12, Number 9, September 2006, pp. 873-879(7)
This study investigated whether the epidemiology of penicillin-non-susceptible pneumococci (PNSP) colonising small children correlated with the biannual epidemic activity of respiratory syncytial virus (RSV).
Respiratory Medicine Volume 100, Issue 9 , September 2006, Pages 1598-1607
Respiratory diseases may cause considerable disability in the elderly because of their limited respiratory reserve related to aging. This study aimed to assess the time trend of respiratory symptoms and common chronic respiratory diseases in the elderly Chinese living in Hong Kong.
Current Opinion in Pulmonary Medicine. 12(5):312-317, September 2006
Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis is a progressively fatal interstitial lung disease associated with pathological findings of usual interstitial pneumonia. Its pathogenesis is unknown, and there are no proven effective therapies. Familial cases account for 0.5-2% of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis. Familial idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis occurs as an autosomal dominant disorder with variable penetrance.
Respiratory Medicine Volume 100, Issue 9 , September 2006, Pages 1479-1494
Although the principles of asthma management are well established in Europe, the available data indicate that asthma in patients is not well controlled. Many patients derive incomplete benefit from their inhaled medication because they do not use inhaler devices correctly and this may compromise asthma control.
Respiratory Medicine Volume 100, Issue 9 , September 2006, Pages 1534-1539
Persistent airflow limitation is common among patients with severe asthma, but its pathogenesis has not been fully clarified. Severe alpha-1-antitrypsin (AAT) deficiency is a risk factor of chronic airflow limitation and emphysema, and partially deficient phenotypes have been associated with an accelerated decline in lung function. We hypothesized that partial deficiency of AAT (non-PiM AAT phenotype) is a risk factor of persistent airflow limitation in asthma.
Respiratory Medicine Volume 100, Issue 8 , August 2006, Pages 1374-1383
Sublingual immunotherapy (SLIT) has been recommended as a viable alternative to subcutaneous injection therapy in the treatment of airway allergies, though more data is needed from well-controlled studies for documenting its efficacy in different ethnic populations.
Respirology, Volume 11, Number 5, September 2006, pp. 638-642(5)
To investigate the duration of bronchodilator action of a salmeterol/fluticasone combination (SFC) inhaler when administered in the evening to children with asthma.
Current Opinion in Pulmonary Medicine. 12(5):323-330, September 2006
High-resolution computed tomography (HRCT) has been the major advance in the diagnosis of idiopathic interstitial pneumonias in the last two decades. In diffuse lung diseases, HRCT now has a central role in routine diagnostic evaluation, and a major impact on the utility of other diagnostic tests, especially bronchoalveolar lavage and surgical lung biopsy.
Current Opinion in Pulmonary Medicine. 12(5):318-322, September 2006
Induced sputum is a particularly useful procedure since it provides information on the cellular and molecular constituents in inflammation. Extensive work has demonstrated the application of induced sputum in the management of asthma, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and chronic bronchitis, but less attention has been paid to its efficacy in diagnosing interstitial lung diseases.
The International Journal of Tuberculosis and Lung Disease, Volume 10, Number 9, September 2006, pp. 1001-1007(7)
To compare the clinical and radiographic features of pulmonary tuberculosis (PTB) and non-tuberculous mycobacteria (NTM) lung disease in patients with acid-fast bacilli (AFB) positive sputum specimens.
Current Opinion in Pulmonary Medicine. 12(5):304-309, September 2006
To summarize currently available literature regarding indications for inferior vena cava filters, potential problems associated with the different filters available, and the efficacy and safety of retrievable inferior vena cava filters.
Acta Anaesthesiologica Scandinavica, Volume 50, Number 8, September 2006, pp. 937-941(5)
Prone position has been used for several years to treat acute lung insufficiency, but in previous studies patients with unstable intracranial pressure (ICP) are mostly excluded. The aim of this study was to investigate if prone position is a safe and useful treatment in patients with reduced intracranial compliance.
Respirology, Volume 11, Number 5, September 2006, pp. 603-610(8)
Increasing evidence suggests that low-dose theophylline has anti-inflammatory benefits and is safe in the treatment of COPD. This study aims to evaluate the efficacy and safety of low-dose, slow-release oral theophylline administered over a 1-year period in patients with COPD.
Respiratory Medicine Volume 100, Issue 9 , September 2006, Pages 1633-1641
Exercise-induced bronchoconstriction (EIB) increases in cold and dry air and decreases in humid air in subjects with asthma. Few reports have reported on the effect of humid environment upon exercise capacity in subjects with EIB.
Annals of Allergy, Asthma and Immunology, Volume 97, Number 2, August 2006, pp. 149-157(9)
To review the potential systemic activity of ciclesonide and its active metabolite, desisobutyryl-ciclesonide, by evaluation of the effects on hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis function.
Pediatric Allergy and Immunology, Volume 17, Number 6, September 2006, pp. 422-427(6)
Recent studies have shown that the pH of exhaled breath condensate (EBC) could be predictive of asthma exacerbation. Moreover, it has been documented that both allergic rhinitis and atopic dermatitis constitute risk factors for the occurrence of asthma in a progression of disease known as atopic march.
Pediatric Allergy and Immunology, Volume 17, Number 6, September 2006, pp. 458-465(8)
We aimed to compare the efficacy and safety of budesonide/formoterol (Symbicort) with budesonide alone (Pulmicort) or budesonide (Pulmicort) and formoterol (Oxis) administered via separate inhalers in children with asthma.
To investigate the concentration of chemokines in bronchial wash samples and BAL fluid, and the mast cell chemotactic activity in BAL fluid from subjects with asthma and eosinophilic bronchitis, and from healthy control subjects.
Current Opinion in Pulmonary Medicine. 12(5):337-341, September 2006
After briefly discussing several ways to approach airway involvement in interstitial lung diseases - by diagnostic methodologies used to assess it, considering different topographical involvement, related to its presence in the diffuse lung diseases with higher prevalence, or from a causal point of view - the author describes in more detail, taking into account recent literature, new proposed entities combining airways (at different levels) and interstitial damage, like airway-centered interstitial fibrosis and acute fibrinous organizing pneumonia.
Respirology, Volume 11, Number 5, September 2006, pp. 611-618(8)
The role of COPD self-management plans in improving health outcomes remains unclear. The objective of this study was to assess whether self-management plans administered in primary care have beneficial effects on quality of life, self-care behaviour and health outcomes in the long term for patients with COPD.
Respiratory Medicine Volume 100, Issue 8 , August 2006, Pages 1392-1396
Exhaled nitric oxide (NO) is an established technique for monitoring airway inflammation. We have compared exhaled NO measurements from 3 different analysers; Ecomedics (E), Niox (N) and Logan (L).
Respiratory Medicine Volume 100, Issue 8 , August 2006, Pages 1384-1391
This study was designed to determine the prevalence of asthma and atopy, in a large group of subjects with alpha-1 antitrypsin deficiency (AATD) participating in the Alpha-1 Foundation Research Registry. A survey was mailed to all Registry participants (N=2418) and results were collated by AATD phenotype.
Journal of Infection Volume 53, Issue 2 , August 2006, Pages 98-105
To determine the epidemiology, risk factors and outcome of infections in a Respiratory Intensive Care Unit (RICU) of a tertiary care institute in northern India.
American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine Vol 174. pp. 566-570
Bronchiolitis obliterans syndrome (BOS) remains the leading cause of death after lung transplantation. Treatment is difficult, although azithromycin has recently been shown to improve FEV1. The exact mechanism of action is unclear.
Allergic rhinitis and sinusitis are frequently associated with asthma. The purpose of this study was to determine the impact of self-reported allergic rhinitis and sinusitis on lower airway disease in a large cohort of participants with well-characterized asthma.
To determine whether qualitative and quantitative perception of methacholine-induced bronchoconstriction independently contribute to characterizing clinically stable asthma.
To improve communication and decision making related to cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR), a greater understanding of the perspectives of hospitalized patients with advanced diseases and their family members are needed.
PEDIATRICS Vol. 118 No. 2 August 2006, pp. 710-716
Our purpose with this work was to assess the contribution of glutathione S-transferase gene variants to asthma susceptibility and pulmonary function in relation to tobacco smoke exposure in the home.
Seminars in Fetal and Neonatal Medicine Volume 11, Issue 5 , October 2006, Pages 354-362
Increasing evidence indicates that bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) results, at least in part, from an imbalance between pro-inflammatory and anti-inflammatory mechanisms, with a persistent imbalance that favours pro-inflammatory mechanisms.
We evaluated influenza vaccination coverage in children with chronic disease at high risk of influenza complications, and the need for methods to increase parents’ and pediatricians’ knowledge of influenza and its prevention.
Critical Care Medicine. Critical Care Challenges in Special Patient Populations. 34(9) Suppl:S278-S290, September 2006
Severe respiratory failure (including acute lung injury and acute respiratory distress syndrome) continues to be associated with significant mortality and morbidity in patients of all ages.
Annals of Allergy, Asthma and Immunology, Volume 97, Number 2, August 2006, pp. 244-250(7)
To evaluate the role of socioeconomic, disease-related, and access-to-care factors in utilization of the ED and inpatient services for urgent treatment of asthma.
Annals of Allergy, Asthma and Immunology, Volume 97, Number 2, August 2006, pp. 236-243(8)
To compare asthma-related charges and resource utilization across disease severity levels in the year after initial asthma treatment with any inhaled corticosteroid (ICS) or leukotriene receptor antagonist (LTRA).
Respiratory Medicine Volume 100, Issue 9 , September 2006, Pages 1512-1517
Levels of exhaled nitric oxide (eNO) are elevated in subjects with asthma and fall in response to oral or inhaled steroids. This study explored the possibility the measurement of eNO levels could be used to identify subjects who were not adhering to their treatment regimen.
Respiratory Medicine Volume 100, Issue 9 , September 2006, Pages 1623-1632
To analyze the effect of inhaled fluticasone propionate (FP) for 6 months upon the clinical, functional, microbiological and outcome parameters of patients with steady-state bronchiectasis not due to cystic fibrosis, and its repercussions for patient health-related quality of life (HRQoL).
Respiratory Medicine Volume 100, Issue 9 , September 2006, Pages 1518-1525
Obesity has been shown to increase the risk of asthma and wheezing. Conditioning exercise might decrease the asthma risk, and that could partly explain the association. The relation between obesity and allergic diseases is quite conflicting.
Respiratory Medicine Volume 100, Issue 9 , September 2006, Pages 1547-1553
Hypoxemia is known to be associated with abnormal heart rate variability (HRV) that can reflect the severity of the illness and may have prognostic value in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). The aim of this study was to examine the relationship between the derangements in cardiac autonomic nervous function and the oxygenation status or degree of airflow obstruction in COPD patients by using HRV analysis.
Respiratory Medicine Volume 100, Issue 7 , July 2006, Pages 1202-1207
To investigate the presence of Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) in bronchial biopsies of patients with bronchiectasis, by histochemical and immunochemical staining.
To ascertain whether a single oral dose of prednisolone was equivalent to a single oral dose of dexamethasone (matched for potency) in children with mild to moderate croup.
Pediatric Emergency Care. 22(8):541-544, August 2006
Intramuscular dexamethasone is an effective, but painful, treatment for croup. The effectiveness of betamethasone, an oral, palatable, and equally potent glucocorticoid has not been studied. The purpose of this study was to compare the effectiveness of a single oral dose of betamethasone with intramuscular dexamethasone in the outpatient treatment of mild to moderate croup.
Respiratory Medicine Volume 100, Issue 8 , August 2006, Pages 1360-1367
This study was to examine the clinical differences between Stage 0 and normal subjects, using low-dose chest computed tomography (CT) and pulmonary function tests. Enrolled subjects performed as a health check for lung cancer screening including low-dose CT and pulmonary function tests.
Allergy & Clinical Immunology International July 2006 , Vol 18 , No. 4
Hypersensitivity to aspirin and other nons-teroidal antiinflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), which affects 4,3-21% of the asthmatic population, is a risk factor for development of severe chronic asthma and hyperplastic rhinosi-nusitis with nasal polyposis. This article summarizes current standards for diagnosis of aspirin hypersensitivity and modalities for management of patients with aspirin-exacerbated respiratory disease (AERD).
Canadian Respiratory Journal July/August 2006, Volume 13, Number 5 : 253-259
To assess the state of asthma control of adult Canadians, and asthma knowledge and practices of Canadian physicians actively involved in the care of patients with asthma.
Journal of Pediatric Surgery Volume 41, Issue 8 , August 2006, Pages e7-e9
An 8-month-old female infant was referred after unsuccessful attempts of extubation owing to upper airway obstruction by a pharyngeal soft tissue mass. Laryngoscopic examination revealed an obstructing mucosal fold originating from the posterior pharyngeal wall.
Canadian respiratory Journal July/August 2006, Volume 13, Number 5 : 272-274
Hantavirus cardiopulmonary syndrome (HCPS) is associated with rapid cardiopulmonary collapse from endothelial injury, resulting in massive capillary leak, shock and severe hypoxemic respiratory failure.
International Journal of Cardiology Volume 111, Issue 1 , 28 July 2006, Pages 172-173
A 72-year-old man with a large mass in the right atrium and the pulmonary embolism by chest computed tomography was diagnosed as the primary cardiac B-cell lymphoma (PCL) with pulmonary tumor embolism and pericardial effusion. Upon completion of initial chemotherapy, the mass was markedly reduced, and the pulmonary embolism disappeared on magnetic resonance imaging. This rarely diagnosed entity is treatable with chemotherapy for both PCL and pulmonary embolism.
The function of chemokine receptors on structural cells is only partially known. We previously reported the expression of a functional CCR3 receptor on airway epithelial cells (EC).
Respiratory Medicine Volume 100, Issue 9 , September 2006, Pages 1526-1533
Intrapulmonary percussive ventilation (IPV) is a ventilatory technique that delivers bursts of high-flow respiratory gas into the lung at high rates, intended for treating acute respiratory failure and for mobilization of secretions. We performed a study, aimed at assessing the physiological response to IPV, on patients’ breathing pattern, inspiratory effort, lung mechanics and tolerance to ventilation.
The American Journal of Cardiology Volume 98, Issue 4 , 15 August 2006, Pages 525-529
N-terminal–pro-B-type natriuretic peptide (NT–pro-BNP) is well established as a predictor of prognosis in patients with left ventricular dysfunction. Although a similar prognostic significance has been suggested in 1 study of right ventricular failure and idiopathic pulmonary arterial hypertension, NT–pro-BNP has not been assessed as a marker of disease severity in a more heterogenous group of patients with chronic precapillary pulmonary hypertension (PH).
Canadian Respiratory Journal July/August 2006, Volume 13, Number 5 : 247-252
The OxyMask (Southmedic Inc, Canada) is a new face mask for oxygen delivery that uses a small ‘diffuser’ to concentrate and direct oxygen toward the mouth and nose. The authors hypothesized that this unique design would enable the OxyMask to deliver oxygen more efficiently than a Venturi mask (Hudson RCI, USA) in patients with chronic hypoxemia.
Canadian Respiratory Journal July/August 2006, Volume 13, Number 5 : 269-271
A ‘crazy-paving’ appearance of the lungs on computed tomography scanning of the chest was first described nearly 20 years ago in patients with pulmonary alveolar proteinosis, and was thought to be characteristic of this condition.
American Journal of Respiratory Cell and Molecular Biology. Vol. 35, pp. 378-386, 2006
Asthma is characterized by appearance of eosinophils in the airway. Eosinophils purified from the airway 48 h after segmental antigen challenge are described as exhibiting greater adhesion to albumin-coated surfaces via an unidentified 2 integrin and increased expression of M2 (CD11b/18) compared with purified blood eosinophils. We have investigated the determinants of this hyperadhesive phenotype.
To compare the relative efficacy and safety of regular long term use (at least four weeks) of ipratropium bromide and LABA in patients with stable COPD. Comparisons were made between single agents and in combination versus LABAs alone.
The objective of this review is to compare the safety and efficacy of inhaled nedocromil sodium with placebo in the treatment of chronic asthma in children.
The objective of the review was to determine the effect of different inspired oxygen concentrations ("high flow" compared to "controlled") in the pre-hospital setting on outcome for people with acute exacerbations of COPD.
Respiratory Medicine Volume 100, Issue 9 , September 2006, Pages 1608-1613
Non-invasive positive pressure ventilation (NIPPV) is an effective treatment in respiratory failure. Continuous positive pressure (CPAP) may also be useful in acute hypoxaemic patients. Supplementary oxygen is usually necessary in both systems. However, the inspired oxygen fraction (FiO2) delivered by a NIV portable ventilator is unknown. The main objectives of this study were to establish the maximal FiO2 that could be achieved by these devices and to analyse the FiO2 determinant factors.
The Pharmaceutical Journal Vol 277 No 7413 p193-195
Short-acting beta2-agonists (SABAs) have been used as first line therapy for the acute relief of bronchoconstriction in asthma for several decades. However, anti-inflammatory therapies are now considered the cornerstone of chronic asthma management.
To assess the effect of increased energy intake on mortality and respiratory, growth and neurodevelopmental outcomes for preterm infants with (or developing) CLD/BPD. Secondarily, the review examines any adverse effects associated with increased energy intake.
Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery Volume 135, Issue 2 , August 2006, Page 264.e1
To assess the effect of concurrent uvulopalatopharyngoplasty (UPPP) and hypopharyngeal procedures in obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) patients with diffuse airway narrowing.
Hospital-acquired pneumonia (HAP) due to Pseudomonas aeruginosa is associated with high mortality rates. The metallo-ß-lactamases
(MBLs) are emerging enzymes that hydrolyze virtually all ß-lactams. We aimed to assess P. aeruginosa HAP mortality in a setting of high-rate MBL production. A prospective cohort study was performed at two tertiary-care teaching hospitals. A logistic regression model was constructed to identify risk factors for 30-day mortality.
Respiratory Medicine Volume 100, Issue 9 , September 2006, Pages 1504-1511
We compared the efficacy and safety of moxifloxacin and levofloxacin for the treatment of patients with acute exacerbations of chronic bronchitis (AECB) using a prospective, randomized, double blind, parallel-group clinical trial design.
Respirology, Volume 11, Number 5, September 2006, pp. 523-532(10)
COPD is one of the leading causes of morbidity and mortality in the industrialized and the developing countries. According to the prediction of the World Health Organization, COPD will become the third leading cause of mortality and the fifth cause of disability in 2020 worldwide. In epidemiology, distinct phenotypic entities converge on the term COPD, so that prevalence and mortality data may be inclusive of chronic bronchitis, emphysema and asthma; moreover, the assessment of prevalence rates may change considerably according to the diagnostic tools used. Thus, a considerable problem is to estimate the real prevalence of COPD in the general population.
Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology Volume 118, Issue 2 , August 2006, Pages 331-336
Dendritic cells (DCs) are crucial in determining the outcome of antigen encounter and integrating signals derived from the antigen, its inflammatory context, and the host environment into a signal that can be read by naive T cells in the lymphoid tissues and by effector T cells in peripheral tissues.
Respiratory Medicine Volume 100, Issue 7 , July 2006, Pages 1195-1201
Patients with asthma generate an increased amount of reactive oxygen species from peripheral blood cells, which may contribute to its pathogenesis. Saliva analysis is non-invasive and friendly to children. We undertook this study to analyze the salivary oxidative profile and composition in children with asthma during attack and remission, and to compare them with the levels of salivary antioxidants of healthy control children.
To assess the effects of NIs in preventing or ameliorating influenza, its transmission and its complications in healthy adults and to estimate the frequency of adverse effects.
The objectives of this review were firstly to evaluate the independent effect of providing versus not providing a written action plan in children and adolescents with asthma, and secondly to compare the effect of different written action plans.
Respiratory Medicine Volume 100, Issue 9 , September 2006, Pages 1573-1578
In 102 healthy Caucasians, 20–50 years old, we investigated the effect of anthropometrics on the 6-min walk test (6MWT), in order to provide reference values for walk distance (6MWD), oxygen saturation (SpO2), pulse rate (PR), respiratory rate (RR), breathlessness perception (VAS) and for the walking distance and body weight product (DW).
It has been suggested that nocturnal erections, which occur during the rapid-eye-movement (REM) stage of sleep, help preserve erectile function. Sleep apnea disrupts the sleep of affected individuals and decreases the overall duration of their REM sleep; in turn, reduced REM sleep decreases the number of nocturnal erections these men experience.
Ambient particles are believed to be a specific health hazard, although the underlying mechanisms are not fully understood. There are data in the literature indicating fast and substantial systemic uptake of particles from the lung.
The objective of this review was to assess the efficacy of exogenous surfactant for the treatment of bronchiolitis in mechanically ventilated infants and children.
Journal of Cystic Fibrosis Volume 5, Issue 3 , August 2006, Pages 159-164
Little is known about the relationship between cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR) gene mutations in Asian patients and severe asthma or idiopathic bronchiectasis. We investigated this potential relationship in the Singaporean Chinese.
To determine the response of the proximal stomach to small intestinal nutrients in critically ill patients.METHODS:Proximal gastric motility was measured in 13 critically ill patients (49.3 +/- 4.7 years) and 12 healthy volunteers (27.7 +/- 2.9 years) using a barostat technique.
Severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) is a highly contagious and life-threatening disease that emerged in China in November 2002. A novel SARS-associated coronavirus was identified as its principal etiologic agent; however, the immunopathogenesis of SARS and the role of special CTLs in virus clearance are still largely uncharacterized.
Current Respiratory Medicine Reviews, Volume 2, Number 3, August 2006, pp. 285-297(13)
Ventilator associated pneumonia remains a cause of significant morbidity and mortality in Intensive Care patients despite advances in knowledge and technology.
Current Respiratory Medicine Reviews, Volume 2, Number 3, August 2006, pp. 253-262(10)
Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia (BPD) continues to be a major problem despite advances in the management of the sick preterm. Current evidence supports a multifactorial etiology to this disease. Prematurity is the cardinal factor; others include pulmonary baro/volu trauma, hyperoxia, and inflammation.
Current Respiratory Medicine Reviews, Volume 2, Number 3, August 2006, pp. 299-304(6)
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a common, complex disorder, and dissection of its individual components is considered one of the research priorities for this disease.
Allergy and Asthma Proceedings, Volume 27, Number 4, July-August 2006, pp. 325-333(9)
The International Study of Asthma and Allergy in childhood (ISAAC) has assessed the prevalence of asthma, as well as the factors related to the disease in different countries.
The effect over time of regular treatment with montelukast (MNT) in inhibiting exercise-induced bronchoconstriction (EIB) has never been evaluated in children. The aim of the present study was to examine the preventive effect of MNT against EIB in children at different time-points over a 4-week treatment period.
Alexithymia is a psychological trait characterised by difficulty in perceiving and expressing emotions and body sensations. Failure to perceive dyspnoea could lead alexithymic asthmatics to underestimate the severity of an asthma exacerbation, and thereby increase the risk of developing a fatal or near-fatal asthma (NFA) attack. The objective of the present study was to determine the prevalence of alexithymia in NFA patients and to analyse their clinical characteristics.
To determine the effectiveness of long acting beta-2 adrenoceptor agonists (LABAs) in COPD patients demonstrating poor reversibility to short-acting bronchodilators.
The aim of the present study was to explore differences in the clinical expression, clinical diagnoses and management of airway diseases in a primary-care setting.
The slope of phase III of the single-breath nitrogen wash-out test (sbN2-test) measures ventilation inhomogeneity and, in smokers, is strongly associated with small airways pathology. The present authors aimed to study ventilation inhomogeneity in emphysema related to type Z 1-antitrypsin (AAT) and to assess its relationship with indices of parenchymal damage and airways obstruction.
ent Respiratory Medicine Reviews, Volume 2, Number 3, August 2006, pp. 279-283(5)
Small airway plays a major role in viral infection of the respiratory tract in infants and young children. Indeed these early viral infections have been shown to lead to airway remodeling and early development of non allergic asthma by affecting the expression of critical growth factors.
Idiopathic adolescent scoliosis (AIS) causes not only spinal deformities but rib cage abnormalities that lead to abnormal volumes and pulmonary capacity on pulmonary function testing (PFT). The objective of this study was to analyze the impact of a physical rehabilitation program on respiratory function in surgical patients with AIS.
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